{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2096460610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","title":"Neurological Diagnoses Identify Molecular Processes","display_name":"Neurological Diagnoses Identify Molecular Processes","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2096460610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","mag":"2096460610","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20385904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230857","display_name":"Archives of Neurology","issn_l":"0003-9942","issn":["0003-9942","1538-3687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020514779","display_name":"John Hardy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3122-0423","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3122-0423"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151618","display_name":"National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery","ror":"https://ror.org/048b34d51","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1340918713","https://openalex.org/I4210151618"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260083","display_name":"UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology","ror":"https://ror.org/0370htr03","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4405260083","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Hardy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Reta Lilla Weston Laboratories, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, 9th Floor, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, England. j.hardy@ion.ucl.ac.uk","Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Reta Lilla Weston Laboratories, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, 9th Floor, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Reta Lilla Weston Laboratories, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, 9th Floor, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, England. j.hardy@ion.ucl.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260083","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular Neuroscience and Reta Lilla Weston Laboratories, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, 9th Floor, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151618","https://openalex.org/I4405260083","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020514779"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151618","https://openalex.org/I4405260083","https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1661,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.54489537,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"67","issue":"4","first_page":"400","last_page":"1"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11642","display_name":"Genomics and Rare Diseases","score":0.6381999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11642","display_name":"Genomics and Rare Diseases","score":0.6381999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12854","display_name":"Neurology and Historical Studies","score":0.10050000250339508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12574","display_name":"Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills","score":0.04500000178813934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurological-diagnosis","display_name":"neurological diagnosis","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-reasoning","display_name":"diagnostic reasoning","score":0.5070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symptom-clusters","display_name":"symptom clusters","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-processes","display_name":"molecular processes","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-processes","display_name":"biological processes","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-classification","display_name":"diagnostic classification","score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegenerative-diseases","display_name":"neurodegenerative diseases","score":0.5199999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.9057239890098572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777352838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419420","display_name":"Excellence","level":2,"score":0.5451785922050476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780310539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12547192","display_name":"Imperfect","level":2,"score":0.5136510729789734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.40200620889663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38638126850128174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.339771568775177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.16686108708381653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.1594335436820984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.14260029792785645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001923","descriptor_name":"Brain Chemistry","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008967","descriptor_name":"Molecular Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008967","descriptor_name":"Molecular Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009419","descriptor_name":"Nerve Tissue Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009420","descriptor_name":"Nervous System","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009422","descriptor_name":"Nervous System Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009422","descriptor_name":"Nervous System Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009422","descriptor_name":"Nervous System Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015984","descriptor_name":"Causality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020022","descriptor_name":"Genetic Predisposition to Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053858","descriptor_name":"Metabolic Networks and Pathways","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2010.41","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230857","display_name":"Archives of Neurology","issn_l":"0003-9942","issn":["0003-9942","1538-3687"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of Neurology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:20385904","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20385904","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Archives of neurology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:93841","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/93841/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO , 67 (4) 400 - 401. (2010)","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3327757157","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G-0907","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320021","funder_display_name":"Parkinson's UK"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320021","display_name":"Parkinson's UK","ror":"https://ror.org/02417p338"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566076711","https://openalex.org/W1596429639","https://openalex.org/W1965667084","https://openalex.org/W1975238147","https://openalex.org/W1987951773","https://openalex.org/W2018879436","https://openalex.org/W2065286810","https://openalex.org/W2097099463","https://openalex.org/W2100111801","https://openalex.org/W2107081989","https://openalex.org/W2130497877","https://openalex.org/W2165615730"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3035567997","https://openalex.org/W2415412108","https://openalex.org/W2413932792","https://openalex.org/W2147710107","https://openalex.org/W42701618","https://openalex.org/W2021174186","https://openalex.org/W2401601322","https://openalex.org/W2402550577","https://openalex.org/W47607952","https://openalex.org/W2514335843"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Making":[0],"a":[1,27],"neurological":[2],"diagnosis":[3],"is,":[4,32],"par":[5],"excellence,":[6],"the":[7,14],"application":[8],"of":[9,33],"sloppy":[10],"logic.":[11],"Information":[12],"from":[13,17],"patient":[15],"and":[16,21,26,54],"tests":[18],"is":[19,24,29],"gathered":[20],"synthesized,":[22],"some":[23],"discarded,":[25],"label":[28],"applied.":[30],"It":[31],"course,":[34],"an":[35],"imperfect":[36],"process.":[37],"As":[38],"such,":[39],"diagnoses":[40,65],"can":[41],"seem":[42],"to":[43],"merely":[44],"reflect":[45,66],"symptom":[46],"clusters.":[47],"However,":[48],"as":[49],"molecular":[50],"investigations":[51],"become":[52,59],"more":[53,55],"sophisticated,":[56],"it":[57],"has":[58],"clear":[60],"that":[61],"many,":[62],"perhaps":[63],"most,":[64],"problems":[67],"in":[68],"specific":[69],"biological":[70],"processes.":[71]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}