{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095594924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","title":"Factors Affecting Seasonal Variation in 90-Day Nonreturn Rate To First Service in Lactating Holstein Cows in a Hot Climate","display_name":"Factors Affecting Seasonal Variation in 90-Day Nonreturn Rate To First Service in Lactating Holstein Cows in a Hot Climate","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095594924","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","mag":"2095594924","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10629807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111698595","display_name":"Y.M. Al\u2010Katanani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaser M. Al-Katanani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0920, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0920, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075191703","display_name":"D.W. Webb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.W. Webb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0920"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0920","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028606515","display_name":"Peter James Hansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-9333","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3061-9333"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.J. Hansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0920"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Dairy and Poultry Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0920","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3845,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":205,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96436937,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"12","first_page":"2611","last_page":"2616"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10584","display_name":"Reproductive Physiology in Livestock","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10584","display_name":"Reproductive Physiology in Livestock","score":0.9419000148773193,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12365","display_name":"Effects of Environmental Stressors on Livestock","score":0.05660000070929527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1103","display_name":"Animal Science and Zoology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-stress","display_name":"heat stress","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holstein-cattle","display_name":"Holstein cows","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactating-dairy-cows","display_name":"lactating dairy cows","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-temperature","display_name":"air temperature","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breeding-season","display_name":"breeding season","score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hot-climate","display_name":"hot climate","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-florida","display_name":"South Florida","score":0.5329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-florida","display_name":"North Florida","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-georgia","display_name":"South Georgia","score":0.921999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.7441850900650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987418964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242165","display_name":"Heat stress","level":2,"score":0.6963246464729309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194775826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209542","display_name":"Herd","level":2,"score":0.6475540399551392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125403950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111082","display_name":"Seasonality","level":2,"score":0.4705653190612793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776977481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915","display_name":"Dairy cattle","level":2,"score":0.45401445031166077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.44198888540267944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776659692","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719426","display_name":"Lactation","level":3,"score":0.4234219491481781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11831045150756836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.07203039526939392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001947","descriptor_name":"Breeding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002980","descriptor_name":"Climate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005431","descriptor_name":"Florida","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005845","descriptor_name":"Georgia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006358","descriptor_name":"Hot Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007774","descriptor_name":"Lactation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011247","descriptor_name":"Pregnancy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012621","descriptor_name":"Seasons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10629807","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10629807","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of dairy science","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75516-5","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S28349394","display_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","issn_l":"0022-0302","issn":["0022-0302","1525-3198","1529-9066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Dairy Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310013","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2095594924.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2095594924.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W256791755","https://openalex.org/W1488131960","https://openalex.org/W1978535687","https://openalex.org/W1985749966","https://openalex.org/W2003928420","https://openalex.org/W2022176169","https://openalex.org/W2032034551","https://openalex.org/W2048268931","https://openalex.org/W2048644359","https://openalex.org/W2069414302","https://openalex.org/W2069496120","https://openalex.org/W2084145737","https://openalex.org/W2093571877","https://openalex.org/W2113045439","https://openalex.org/W2116963152","https://openalex.org/W2125877891","https://openalex.org/W2172282886","https://openalex.org/W2415895693","https://openalex.org/W2546782222","https://openalex.org/W4409124887","https://openalex.org/W6685075772","https://openalex.org/W6757021182"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095216177","https://openalex.org/W2338328090","https://openalex.org/W1987238806","https://openalex.org/W6942354846","https://openalex.org/W1491009255","https://openalex.org/W3084437144","https://openalex.org/W2162339549","https://openalex.org/W2069507635","https://openalex.org/W7162679592","https://openalex.org/W1970885001"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,69,80,189],"objective":[1],"was":[2,72,86,120,141,204],"to":[3,13,114,162],"determine":[4],"factors":[5],"controlling":[6],"seasonal":[7],"variation":[8],"in":[9,46,83,92,95,138,170],"90-d":[10,70,84,139,190,260],"nonreturn":[11],"rate":[12],"first":[14,40],"service":[15],"(90-d":[16],"NRR)":[17],"including":[18],"effects":[19,150],"of":[20,78,87,100,127,148,151,168,254],"location,":[21],"milk":[22,117,122,131],"yield,":[23,118],"and":[24,31,60,90,99,103,159,237,247,250],"weather":[25],"variables":[26],"on":[27,39,175,201,221,231,251],"specific":[28],"days":[29],"before":[30,179,246],"after":[32,248],"breeding.":[33,79],"Dairy":[34],"Herd":[35],"Improvement":[36],"Association":[37],"records":[38],"services":[41],"from":[42],"8124":[43],"Holstein":[44],"cows":[45,110,169,193,211],"south":[47,61],"Georgia":[48],"(GA,":[49],"n":[50,57,64],"=":[51,58,65,217],"7":[52],"herds),":[53],"north":[54],"Florida":[55,62],"(NF,":[56],"5),":[59],"(SF,":[63],"5)":[66],"were":[67,111,164,183,229],"used.":[68],"NRR":[71,85,140,191,209],"affected":[73],"by":[74],"location":[75],"x":[76,125],"month":[77,126],"summer":[81,136],"drop":[82],"lower":[88,101],"magnitude":[89,102],"duration":[91,104],"GA":[93],"than":[94,107,206],"NF":[96,106],"or":[97,216],"SF":[98],"for":[105,192,210],"SF.":[108],"When":[109],"grouped":[112],"according":[113],"mature":[115],"equivalent":[116],"there":[119],"a":[121,145],"yield":[123,132],"class":[124,133],"breeding":[128,163],"interaction.":[129],"As":[130],"increased,":[134],"the":[135,176,180,252],"depression":[137],"more":[142],"pronounced.":[143],"In":[144],"second":[146],"series":[147],"analyses,":[149],"average":[152,172,195,213],"air":[153,173],"temperature":[154,174],"at":[155],"d":[156,178,202,208,222,232,238],"-10,":[157],"0,":[158],"10":[160,177,239],"relative":[161],"evaluated":[165],"with":[166,212,258],"subsets":[167],"which":[171],"reference":[181],"day":[182,253],"cool":[184],"(<":[185],"25":[186],"degrees":[187,199,219],"C).":[188],"having":[194],"temperatures":[196,214],">":[197],"20":[198,218],"C":[200,220],"-10":[203,223],"less":[205],"90":[207],"<":[215],"(60.1":[224],"vs.":[225,235,241],"36.5%).":[226],"Similar":[227],"results":[228],"found":[230],"0":[233],"(59.6":[234],"41.4%)":[236],"(56.9":[240],"41.1%).":[242],"Thus,":[243],"heat":[244],"stress":[245],"breeding,":[249,255],"is":[256],"associated":[257],"low":[259],"NRR.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}