{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2094589098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c0nr00620c","title":"Double-walled carbon nanotubes: Challenges and opportunities","display_name":"Double-walled carbon nanotubes: Challenges and opportunities","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2094589098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c0nr00620c","mag":"2094589098","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21042608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1039/c0nr00620c","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c0nr00620c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c0nr00620c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23181512","display_name":"Nanoscale","issn_l":"2040-3364","issn":["2040-3364","2040-3372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320556","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society of Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanoscale","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010449022","display_name":"Cai Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-4028","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5825-4028"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cai Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016032451","display_name":"Alexandra H. Brozena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5045-2123","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5045-2123"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandra H. Brozena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008767601","display_name":"YuHuang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-1849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5664-1849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"YuHuang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008767601"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6352,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":219,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56910569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"2","first_page":"503","last_page":"518"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10074","display_name":"Carbon Nanotubes in Composites","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10074","display_name":"Carbon Nanotubes in Composites","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.021700000390410423,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11341","display_name":"Boron and Carbon Nanomaterials Research","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/double-walled-carbon-nanotubes","display_name":"double-walled carbon nanotubes","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-nanotube-synthesis","display_name":"carbon nanotube synthesis","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-nanotube-purification","display_name":"carbon nanotube purification","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotube-characterization","display_name":"nanotube characterization","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-properties","display_name":"electronic properties","score":0.8289999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-properties","display_name":"optical properties","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirality","display_name":"chirality","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solubility","display_name":"solubility","score":0.8040000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513720949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778729","display_name":"Carbon nanotube","level":2,"score":0.9111518859863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.7669527530670166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138631740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967847","display_name":"Nanomaterials","level":2,"score":0.683843731880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6360319256782532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143904697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428745","display_name":"Carbon nanobud","level":5,"score":0.5892822742462158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.5350070595741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4809974133968353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106597312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7447758","display_name":"Selective chemistry of single-walled nanotubes","level":5,"score":0.46941858530044556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186187911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093894","display_name":"Nanostructure","level":2,"score":0.442963570356369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90291627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098886","display_name":"Optical properties of carbon nanotubes","level":4,"score":0.31187325716018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777619693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539430","display_name":"Nanotube","level":3,"score":0.13460686802864075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.12456446886062622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.06271204352378845}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004583","descriptor_name":"Electrons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012666","descriptor_name":"Semiconductors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013050","descriptor_name":"Spectrometry, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D037742","descriptor_name":"Nanotubes, Carbon","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D037742","descriptor_name":"Nanotubes, Carbon","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1039/c0nr00620c","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c0nr00620c","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c0nr00620c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S23181512","display_name":"Nanoscale","issn_l":"2040-3364","issn":["2040-3364","2040-3372"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320556","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society of Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanoscale","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:21042608","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21042608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanoscale","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6907613303","display_name":"SCIENCE OF PRECISION MULTIFUNCTIONAL NANOSTRUCTURES FOR ELECTRICAL ENERGY STORAGE -- EFRC","funder_award_id":"DESC0001160","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":143,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134749175","https://openalex.org/W327882223","https://openalex.org/W1555799543","https://openalex.org/W1675120113","https://openalex.org/W1964955371","https://openalex.org/W1967772521","https://openalex.org/W1969090924","https://openalex.org/W1973867295","https://openalex.org/W1974756445","https://openalex.org/W1976207061","https://openalex.org/W1976369287","https://openalex.org/W1977402902","https://openalex.org/W1978514893","https://openalex.org/W1978677843","https://openalex.org/W1979748359","https://openalex.org/W1980478787","https://openalex.org/W1982900012","https://openalex.org/W1984261480","https://openalex.org/W1987252253","https://openalex.org/W1987667125","https://openalex.org/W1987804854","https://openalex.org/W1988834051","https://openalex.org/W1989615984","https://openalex.org/W1990038353","https://openalex.org/W1990169823","https://openalex.org/W1991313282","https://openalex.org/W1993705072","https://openalex.org/W1994030299","https://openalex.org/W1994344703","https://openalex.org/W1994926480","https://openalex.org/W1994996599","https://openalex.org/W1995532372","https://openalex.org/W1998199278","https://openalex.org/W2001651882","https://openalex.org/W2002217528","https://openalex.org/W2003117736","https://openalex.org/W2003245432","https://openalex.org/W2005043597","https://openalex.org/W2006941567","https://openalex.org/W2008569099","https://openalex.org/W2009191885","https://openalex.org/W2010228165","https://openalex.org/W2011519309","https://openalex.org/W2012139345","https://openalex.org/W2012978849","https://openalex.org/W2013819620","https://openalex.org/W2015595817","https://openalex.org/W2016188665","https://openalex.org/W2016973341","https://openalex.org/W2018858346","https://openalex.org/W2019872055","https://openalex.org/W2020567699","https://openalex.org/W2026725647","https://openalex.org/W2027205343","https://openalex.org/W2027209208","https://openalex.org/W2027550205","https://openalex.org/W2027728446","https://openalex.org/W2029110872","https://openalex.org/W2029236839","https://openalex.org/W2029342153","https://openalex.org/W2030355271","https://openalex.org/W2030627628","https://openalex.org/W2031371241","https://openalex.org/W2039310835","https://openalex.org/W2041264225","https://openalex.org/W2042566820","https://openalex.org/W2043007605","https://openalex.org/W2043538381","https://openalex.org/W2043970105","https://openalex.org/W2044589303","https://openalex.org/W2045121212","https://openalex.org/W2045579709","https://openalex.org/W2047117861","https://openalex.org/W2047353158","https://openalex.org/W2047923547","https://openalex.org/W2049503479","https://openalex.org/W2049737156","https://openalex.org/W2049875641","https://openalex.org/W2050476929","https://openalex.org/W2052048763","https://openalex.org/W2053191995","https://openalex.org/W2053653729","https://openalex.org/W2056694995","https://openalex.org/W2057009503","https://openalex.org/W2063509416","https://openalex.org/W2064454388","https://openalex.org/W2064596812","https://openalex.org/W2068232731","https://openalex.org/W2068237676","https://openalex.org/W2068373228","https://openalex.org/W2069803491","https://openalex.org/W2069851739","https://openalex.org/W2070098419","https://openalex.org/W2070756473","https://openalex.org/W2071328849","https://openalex.org/W2073452627","https://openalex.org/W2074039169","https://openalex.org/W2074365863","https://openalex.org/W2074756768","https://openalex.org/W2077619628","https://openalex.org/W2080857313","https://openalex.org/W2082040800","https://openalex.org/W2082230830","https://openalex.org/W2082487510","https://openalex.org/W2083050555","https://openalex.org/W2083469461","https://openalex.org/W2084989825","https://openalex.org/W2085293346","https://openalex.org/W2085314482","https://openalex.org/W2086222788","https://openalex.org/W2086748672","https://openalex.org/W2088864062","https://openalex.org/W2090909372","https://openalex.org/W2091858186","https://openalex.org/W2092301242","https://openalex.org/W2094786297","https://openalex.org/W2096188874","https://openalex.org/W2097795101","https://openalex.org/W2099978309","https://openalex.org/W2106067531","https://openalex.org/W2107057453","https://openalex.org/W2116854833","https://openalex.org/W2124674816","https://openalex.org/W2127128965","https://openalex.org/W2127841706","https://openalex.org/W2129797914","https://openalex.org/W2130723482","https://openalex.org/W2133931627","https://openalex.org/W2140828413","https://openalex.org/W2144002149","https://openalex.org/W2147233111","https://openalex.org/W2147777124","https://openalex.org/W2148657495","https://openalex.org/W2151756118","https://openalex.org/W2155492691","https://openalex.org/W2162897396","https://openalex.org/W2170116274","https://openalex.org/W2171486600","https://openalex.org/W2171614186","https://openalex.org/W2505309729","https://openalex.org/W4243081368","https://openalex.org/W4248813723","https://openalex.org/W4250731569"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2949375289","https://openalex.org/W2100491518","https://openalex.org/W4200253171","https://openalex.org/W2023376060","https://openalex.org/W611340707","https://openalex.org/W2779348290","https://openalex.org/W4386855302","https://openalex.org/W2132170842","https://openalex.org/W1976207061","https://openalex.org/W1980631240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Double-walled":[0],"carbon":[1,11,32,52,129,141],"nanotubes":[2,142],"are":[3],"coaxial":[4],"nanostructures":[5],"composed":[6],"of":[7,30,47,51,71,86,97,127,139,147],"exactly":[8],"two":[9],"single-walled":[10,128],"nanotubes,":[12],"one":[13],"nested":[14],"in":[15,152],"another.":[16],"This":[17,35],"unique":[18],"structure":[19],"offers":[20],"advantages":[21],"and":[22,28,44,73,90,100,120,143,155],"opportunities":[23],"for":[24],"extending":[25],"our":[26],"knowledge":[27],"application":[29],"the":[31,41,59,79,87,94,98,115,135],"nanomaterials":[33],"family.":[34],"review":[36,134],"seeks":[37],"to":[38,65,114],"comprehensively":[39],"discuss":[40],"synthesis,":[42],"purification":[43],"characterization":[45],"methods":[46],"this":[48,153],"novel":[49],"class":[50],"nanomaterials.":[53],"An":[54],"emphasis":[55],"is":[56],"placed":[57],"on":[58],"double":[60],"wall":[61],"physics":[62],"that":[63,122],"contributes":[64],"these":[66],"structures'":[67],"complex":[68],"inter-wall":[69],"coupling":[70],"electronic":[72],"optical":[74],"properties.":[75],"The":[76],"debate":[77],"over":[78],"inner-tube":[80],"photoluminescence":[81],"provides":[82],"an":[83,145],"interesting":[84],"illustration":[85],"rich":[88],"photophysics":[89],"challenges":[91],"associated":[92],"with":[93],"myriad":[95],"combinations":[96],"inner":[99],"outerwall":[101],"chiralities.":[102],"Outerwall":[103],"selective":[104],"covalent":[105],"chemistry":[106],"will":[107,133],"be":[108],"discussed":[109],"as":[110],"a":[111],"potential":[112],"solution":[113],"unattractive":[116],"tradeoff":[117],"between":[118],"solubility":[119],"functionality":[121],"has":[123],"limited":[124],"some":[125],"applications":[126],"nanotubes.":[130],"Finally,":[131],"we":[132],"many":[136],"different":[137],"uses":[138],"double-walled":[140],"provide":[144],"overview":[146],"several":[148],"promising":[149],"research":[150],"directions":[151],"new":[154],"emerging":[156],"field.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}