{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2094304751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-967665","title":"Physician assistants in cardiac surgery \u2013 help for the surgeon under the pressure of the european working time directive (EWTD)","display_name":"Physician assistants in cardiac surgery \u2013 help for the surgeon under the pressure of the european working time directive (EWTD)","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2094304751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-967665","mag":"2094304751"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1055/s-2007-967665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-967665","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-967665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81394012","display_name":"The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon","issn_l":"0171-6425","issn":["0171-6425","1439-1902"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321135","host_organization_name":"Georg Thieme Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321135","https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Georg Thieme Verlag","Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112346838","display_name":"S Bauer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Bauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Herzzentrum Lahr/Baden, Herz-, Thorax- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfchirurgie, Lahr, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Herzzentrum Lahr/Baden, Herz-, Thorax- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfchirurgie, Lahr, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003832739","display_name":"MO Schurr","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90812881","display_name":"Steinbeis University Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/03efsge90","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90812881"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"MO Schurr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Steinbeis University Berlin, Institute of Health Care Industries, T\u00fcbingen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Steinbeis University Berlin, Institute of Health Care Industries, T\u00fcbingen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90812881"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072076417","display_name":"K Bauer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Bauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Herzzentrum Lahr/Baden, Herz-, Thorax- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfchirurgie, Lahr, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Herzzentrum Lahr/Baden, Herz-, Thorax- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfchirurgie, Lahr, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113568097","display_name":"JC Ennker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JC Ennker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Herzzentrum Lahr/Baden, Herz-, Thorax- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfchirurgie, Lahr, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Herzzentrum Lahr/Baden, Herz-, Thorax- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfchirurgie, Lahr, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"S 1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11816","display_name":"Nursing Roles and Practices","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11816","display_name":"Nursing Roles and Practices","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11497","display_name":"Interprofessional Education and Collaboration","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-assistants","display_name":"physician assistants","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-surgery","display_name":"cardiac surgery","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-time-directive","display_name":"European Working Time Directive","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/care-pathways","display_name":"care pathways","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/germany","display_name":"Germany","score":0.7260000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121492","display_name":"Directive","level":2,"score":0.8935279250144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777877159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q260732","display_name":"Working time","level":3,"score":0.8018405437469482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776084483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272937","display_name":"Treasure","level":2,"score":0.6070438623428345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48516494035720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779182362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17126187","display_name":"Session (web analytics)","level":2,"score":0.45836764574050903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4288756847381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61434518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932510","display_name":"General surgery","level":1,"score":0.33740711212158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3330630660057068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12878182530403137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.11105266213417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1011468768119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.08833250403404236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1055/s-2007-967665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-967665","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-967665","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S81394012","display_name":"The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon","issn_l":"0171-6425","issn":["0171-6425","1439-1902"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321135","host_organization_name":"Georg Thieme Verlag","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321135","https://openalex.org/P4310320000"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Georg Thieme Verlag","Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany)"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038935128","https://openalex.org/W4395677494","https://openalex.org/W7164206490","https://openalex.org/W4214536836","https://openalex.org/W7154107462","https://openalex.org/W2799991431","https://openalex.org/W4200239966","https://openalex.org/W2329870101","https://openalex.org/W7217420835","https://openalex.org/W7214968287"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Physician":[1],"asstistants":[2],"(PA)":[3],"are":[4,21,147,184],"widely":[5,188],"acepted":[6],"in":[7,15,38,51,87,96,101,110,138,153],"the":[8,12,25,33,36,39,42,52,61,72,75,81,102,116,134,139,151,177,180,196],"United":[9],"states":[10],"and":[11,98],"UK.":[13],"However":[14,133],"Germany":[16,88,111],"only":[17],"a":[18,93,154,162],"few":[19],"clinics":[20],"implementing":[22],"PAs":[23,65,86,109,137,146,172],"for":[24,68,136,171],"clinincal":[26],"routine.":[27],"As":[28],"stated":[29],"by":[30],"Tom":[31],"Treasure":[32],"president":[34],"of":[35,54,64,74,84,108,118,156,164,179],"EACTS":[37],"session":[40],"about":[41],"new":[43],"working":[44],"time":[45],"directive":[46],"\u2013":[47,60],"\u201esurgeons":[48],"should":[49],"work":[50,141,158],"field":[53],"surgery":[55],"an":[56,193],"not":[57],"as":[58,192],"secretaries\u201c":[59],"wide":[62],"use":[63],"becomes":[66],"attractive":[67],"many":[69],"hospitals":[70,183],"under":[71,176],"squeales":[73],"EWTD.":[76],"Method:":[77],"Here":[78],"we":[79],"report":[80],"academic":[82,128],"training":[83,124],"13":[85],"that":[89],"ist":[90],"completed":[91],"with":[92,120,127],"bachelor":[94],"degree":[95],"PA":[97],"their":[99],"integration":[100],"clinical":[103,140,157],"pathways.":[104],"Results:":[105],"The":[106,169],"acceptance":[107],"is":[112,130,143,173],"nevertheless":[113],"low,":[114],"because":[115,145],"fear":[117],"competition":[119],"surgeons":[121,152,197],"considering":[122],"surgical":[123,166],"and/or":[125],"interference":[126],"interests":[129],"still":[131,185],"high.":[132],"need":[135,170],"process":[142],"high,":[144],"trained":[148],"to":[149,187,195],"support":[150],"variety":[155],"sitations":[159],"thus":[160],"solving":[161],"lot":[163],"\u201enon":[165],"problems\u201c.":[167],"Conclusion:":[168],"strongly":[174],"present":[175],"pressure":[178],"EWTD,":[181],"but":[182],"reluctant":[186],"accept":[189],"this":[190],"concept":[191],"answer":[194],"wishes.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
