{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2093647359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","title":"The time of space and the space of time: the future of social science","display_name":"The time of space and the space of time: the future of social science","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2093647359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","mag":"2093647359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202534398","display_name":"Political Geography","issn_l":"0962-6298","issn":["0962-6298","1873-5096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Geography","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033277158","display_name":"Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123946342","display_name":"Binghamton University","ror":"https://ror.org/008rmbt77","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Immanuel Wallerstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fernand Braudel Center, Binghamton University, PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fernand Braudel Center, Binghamton University, PO Box 6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033277158"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123946342"],"apc_list":{"value":3540,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3540},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.7296,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":124,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9845569,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"71","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12853","display_name":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12853","display_name":"Historical Geography and Geographical Thought","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12777","display_name":"Philosophy, History, and Historiography","score":0.0272000003606081,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13724","display_name":"Humanities and Social Sciences","score":0.006000000052154064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space-and-time","display_name":"time and space","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-space","display_name":"time-space","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography-as-a-discipline","display_name":"geography as a discipline","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annales-school","display_name":"Annales school","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/historical-systems","display_name":"historical systems","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-and-geography","display_name":"history and geography","score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/future-of-social-science","display_name":"future of social science","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utopia","display_name":"utopia","score":0.6520000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.6316304802894592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5856432318687439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179034447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2621675","display_name":"Nomothetic and idiographic","level":2,"score":0.4741853177547455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.415089875459671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38775462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569376","display_name":"Transformational leadership","level":2,"score":0.4142977297306061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3965308964252472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.36216363310813904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.20682740211486816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.1330219805240631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.13182374835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.08832308650016785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.08631032705307007}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0962-6298(96)00097-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S202534398","display_name":"Political Geography","issn_l":"0962-6298","issn":["0962-6298","1873-5096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Political Geography","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5600000023841858}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320006","display_name":"Royal Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03wnrjx87"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320195","display_name":"Royal Geographical Society","ror":"https://ror.org/03k7szx23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2318764173","https://openalex.org/W2351248767","https://openalex.org/W3143493334","https://openalex.org/W4403076497","https://openalex.org/W6705701099"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4403076497","https://openalex.org/W2917848478","https://openalex.org/W3116586254","https://openalex.org/W4315560254","https://openalex.org/W7024256416","https://openalex.org/W1839418404","https://openalex.org/W2441215902","https://openalex.org/W4313856838","https://openalex.org/W7071767033","https://openalex.org/W1189626005"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":10}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}