{"id":"https://openalex.org/W209343116","doi":null,"title":"Our hearts were once young and gay: health care rationing and the elderly.","display_name":"Our hearts were once young and gay: health care rationing and the elderly.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W209343116","mag":"209343116","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11660529"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:11660529","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11660529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"University of Florida journal of law and public policy : JL & PP","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1280&context=scholar","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112763106","display_name":"George P. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"George P Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112763106"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.478,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63872505,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"23"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.8227999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.8227999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10177","display_name":"Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues","score":0.033399999141693115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11537","display_name":"Ethics in medical practice","score":0.026599999517202377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-rationing","display_name":"health care rationing","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-resource-allocation","display_name":"healthcare resource allocation","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gatekeeping","display_name":"gatekeeping","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physician-role","display_name":"physician role","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-ethics","display_name":"health care ethics","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-costs","display_name":"health care costs","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-equity","display_name":"health care equity","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value-judgments","display_name":"value judgments","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-decision-making","display_name":"healthcare decision-making","score":0.4779999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775994111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q843478","display_name":"Rationing","level":3,"score":0.6205048561096191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.4785659611225128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4350959360599518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.42042043805122375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3848927319049835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21368005871772766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.13076773285865784}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004467","descriptor_name":"Economics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004989","descriptor_name":"Ethics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005380","descriptor_name":"Financing, Government","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008484","descriptor_name":"Medicaid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011287","descriptor_name":"Prejudice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011640","descriptor_name":"Public Policy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012935","descriptor_name":"Social Justice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012941","descriptor_name":"Social Responsibility","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015276","descriptor_name":"Health Care Rationing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018579","descriptor_name":"Patient Selection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D026706","descriptor_name":"Paternalism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D026712","descriptor_name":"Value of Life","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D028761","descriptor_name":"Withholding Treatment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D040841","descriptor_name":"Resource Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:11660529","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11660529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"University of Florida journal of law and public policy : JL & PP","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.edu:scholar-1280","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/scholar/287","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1280&context=scholar","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196759","display_name":"Scholarship at Catholic Law (Catholic University of America)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84470341","host_organization_name":"Catholic University of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scholarly Articles","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.ufl.edu:jlpp-1130","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.ufl.edu/jlpp/vol8/iss1/1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196657","display_name":"UF Law Scholarship Repository (University of Florida)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","host_organization_name":"University of Florida","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/756386","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10822/756386","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BRL:KIE/59858","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/896283","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://worldcatlibraries.org/registry/gateway?version=1.0&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&atitle=Our+Hearts+were+Once+Young+and+Gay:+Health+Care+Rationing+and+the+Elderly&title=University+of+Florida+Journal+of+Law+and+Public+Policy+&volume=8&issue=1&spage=1-23&date=1996-09&au=Smith,+George+P.,+II","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:167343","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:209343116","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11660529","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarship.law.edu:scholar-1280","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/scholar/287","pdf_url":"https://scholarship.law.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1280&context=scholar","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196759","display_name":"Scholarship at Catholic Law (Catholic University of America)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I84470341","host_organization_name":"Catholic University of America","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84470341"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scholarly Articles","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W209343116.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W209343116.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999771744","https://openalex.org/W653575033","https://openalex.org/W2414108402","https://openalex.org/W2902848722","https://openalex.org/W1972175177","https://openalex.org/W1997131335","https://openalex.org/W4298181007","https://openalex.org/W2027200916","https://openalex.org/W1986234012","https://openalex.org/W2427811714"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"there":[1],"exists":[2],"no":[3,218],"rigid":[4],"guideline":[5],"delineating":[6],"society's":[7,84,120,133],"obligation":[8,221],"to":[9,19,44,57,62,95,131,176,181,206,222],"provide":[10,58],"health":[11,59,74,92,102,135,150,164,173,237,260,304],"care,":[12],"at":[13,265],"a":[14,72,107,116,155,267,277],"minimum":[15],"Americans":[16,64,191],"are":[17],"entitled":[18],"an":[20,39,183,244,257,297],"adequate":[21],"level":[22],"of":[23,68,81,89,119,142,162,203,212,236,247,280,284,294],"care":[24,60,75,93,103,136,151,165,174,187,238,261,305],"without":[25],"excessive":[26],"burdens":[27],"being":[28],"placed":[29,148],"upon":[30,101],"them.":[31],"Fulfilling":[32],"this":[33],"ostensibly":[34],"simple":[35],"mandate,":[36],"however,":[37],"presents":[38],"enormous":[40],"challenge.":[41],"The":[42],"need":[43],"allocate":[45],"limited":[46,91,134],"financial":[47],"and":[48,170,234,240,250,290],"human":[49],"resources":[50,61,94,137],"increasingly":[51],"clashes":[52],"with":[53,243,276],"the":[54,78,87,96,114,126,140,146,160,232,281,288],"moral":[55],"desire":[56],"elder":[63,259],"beyond":[65],"their":[66],"years":[67],"economic":[69,184],"productivity.":[70],"As":[71],"result,":[73],"professionals":[76],"face":[77],"difficult":[79,169],"task":[80],"weighing":[82],"against":[83],"other":[85],"priorities":[86],"efficiency":[88],"distributing":[90],"elderly.":[97],"This":[98],"demand":[99],"places":[100],"professionals,":[104],"particularly":[105],"physicians,":[106],"unique":[108],"burden.":[109],"Today's":[110],"physician":[111,127],"must":[112],"become":[113],"\"gatekeeper,\"":[115],"designated":[117],"guardian":[118],"resources.":[121],"It":[122],"is":[123],"reasoned":[124],"that":[125,158,229],"can":[128],"be":[129,177],"forced":[130],"conserve":[132],"by":[138,167],"controlling":[139],"administration":[141],"medical":[143],"treatments.":[144],"Inevitably,":[145],"demands":[147],"on":[149,210],"administrators":[152],"results":[153],"in":[154,179],"balancing":[156],"test":[157],"challenges":[159],"breadth":[161],"elderly":[163,303],"services":[166],"forcing":[168],"sometimes":[171],"controversial":[172],"decisions":[175],"reached":[178],"order":[180],"avoid":[182],"catastrophe.":[185],"Health":[186],"considerations":[188],"for":[189,231,269,287],"older":[190],"so":[192],"often":[193],"involve":[194],"disabled,":[195],"ill,":[196],"poor":[197],"or":[198],"lonely":[199],"persons.":[200],"Moreover,":[201],"members":[202],"society":[204],"tend":[205],"place":[207],"different":[208],"values":[209],"each":[211],"these":[213],"groups":[214,224],"and,":[215],"as":[216],"such,":[217],"collective":[219],"societal":[220,300],"such":[223],"emerges.":[225],"A":[226],"continuous":[227],"process":[228],"allows":[230],"examination":[233,293],"re-examination":[235],"costs":[239],"benefits,":[241],"coupled":[242],"evolving":[245],"assessment":[246],"value":[248],"judgments":[249],"ethical":[251],"concerns,":[252],"would":[253],"move":[254],"towards":[255,302],"establishing":[256],"equitable":[258],"allocation":[262,306],"program":[263],"or,":[264],"least,":[266],"template":[268],"humane":[270],"decision":[271],"making.":[272],"And,":[273],"if":[274],"combined":[275],"firm":[278],"grasp":[279],"formal":[282],"discipline":[283],"ethics,":[285],"allowing":[286],"critical":[289],"rational":[291],"objective":[292],"competing":[295],"values,":[296],"acceptable":[298],"long-term":[299],"solution":[301],"will":[307],"result.":[308]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
