{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2092703151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02706361","title":"Trends in nontariff barriers of developed countries, 1966\u20141986","display_name":"Trends in nontariff barriers of developed countries, 1966\u20141986","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2092703151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02706361","mag":"2092703151"},"language":"de","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02706361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02706361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02706361","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78091837","display_name":"Review of World Economics","issn_l":"0043-2636","issn":["0043-2636","1610-2878","1610-2886"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011373244","display_name":"Sam Laird","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sam Laird","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008281080","display_name":"Alexander J. Yeats","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7272-8418","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7272-8418"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Yeats","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.8458,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97941707,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"126","issue":"2","first_page":"299","last_page":"325"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12156","display_name":"World Trade Organization Law","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12428","display_name":"Global Trade and Competitiveness","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-tariff-barriers","display_name":"non-tariff barriers","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/import-restrictions","display_name":"import restrictions","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developed-countries","display_name":"developed countries","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-trade","display_name":"agricultural trade","score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/textile-and-clothing-trade","display_name":"textile and clothing trade","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-and-steel-trade","display_name":"iron and steel trade","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-trade","display_name":"fuel trade","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gatt","display_name":"GATT","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tariff-reduction","display_name":"tariff reduction","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-community-trade","display_name":"European Community trade","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/us-trade","display_name":"United States trade","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/japanese-trade","display_name":"Japanese trade","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protectionism","display_name":"protectionism","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-liberalization","display_name":"trade liberalization","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-policy","display_name":"economic policy","score":0.3779999911785126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6534595489501953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15708023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80083","display_name":"Humanities","level":1,"score":0.6042183041572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.16724494099617004}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/bf02706361","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02706361","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02706361","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S78091837","display_name":"Review of World Economics","issn_l":"0043-2636","issn":["0043-2636","1610-2878","1610-2886"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485994134","https://openalex.org/W1505045352","https://openalex.org/W1577146191","https://openalex.org/W1967671901","https://openalex.org/W2008960721","https://openalex.org/W2028852821","https://openalex.org/W2138547605","https://openalex.org/W4233343835","https://openalex.org/W4248704745","https://openalex.org/W4256290197"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W159357994","https://openalex.org/W7056396312","https://openalex.org/W1985944475","https://openalex.org/W2905224444","https://openalex.org/W2954789453","https://openalex.org/W2321150805","https://openalex.org/W1988796734","https://openalex.org/W2340883285","https://openalex.org/W4230405799","https://openalex.org/W3202111665"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-09-27T08:07:27.782135","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}