{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2092648243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","title":"Product market objectives and the formation of research joint ventures","display_name":"Product market objectives and the formation of research joint ventures","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2092648243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","mag":"2092648243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138400101","display_name":"Managerial and Decision Economics","issn_l":"0143-6570","issn":["0143-6570","1099-1468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Managerial and Decision Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062820474","display_name":"Patrick Greenlee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314586196","display_name":"United States Department of Justice","ror":"https://ror.org/02916qm60","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314586196"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Greenlee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Antitrust Division, US Department of Justice, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Antitrust Division, US Department of Justice, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314586196"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037346761","display_name":"Bruno Cassiman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-6755","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9602-6755"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170486558","display_name":"Universitat Pompeu Fabra","ror":"https://ror.org/04n0g0b29","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Cassiman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170486558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5062820474"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314586196"],"apc_list":{"value":3120,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3120},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4171,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94460406,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"115","last_page":"130"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11043","display_name":"Merger and Competition Analysis","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-joint-ventures","display_name":"research joint ventures","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-investment","display_name":"R&D investment","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-and-development-policy","display_name":"R&D policy","score":0.6430000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endogenous-coalition-formation","display_name":"endogenous coalition formation","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/product-market-competition","display_name":"product market competition","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-collaboration","display_name":"R&D cooperation","score":0.3490000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701521","display_name":"Collusion","level":2,"score":0.6766722798347473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.6488345265388489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5849921107292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.5340524911880493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983292776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q489209","display_name":"Joint venture","level":2,"score":0.5289440155029297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.5032803416252136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.5009384155273438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.477245569229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4727048873901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.47242915630340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4517459571361542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123336316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247776","display_name":"Product market","level":3,"score":0.4180942475795746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.25214874744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2150994837284088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06932860612869263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.0.co;2-v","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138400101","display_name":"Managerial and Decision Economics","issn_l":"0143-6570","issn":["0143-6570","1099-1468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Managerial and Decision Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.3.co;2-m","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.3.co;2-m","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1468(199905)20:3<115::aid-mde927>3.3.co;2-m","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S138400101","display_name":"Managerial and Decision Economics","issn_l":"0143-6570","issn":["0143-6570","1099-1468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-3","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Managerial and Decision Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1513281941","https://openalex.org/W1515341384","https://openalex.org/W1543069347","https://openalex.org/W1555722979","https://openalex.org/W1607620689","https://openalex.org/W1768714312","https://openalex.org/W1931546851","https://openalex.org/W1977203387","https://openalex.org/W1999201455","https://openalex.org/W2001062014","https://openalex.org/W2007118092","https://openalex.org/W2010880751","https://openalex.org/W2012175566","https://openalex.org/W2013069549","https://openalex.org/W2014780732","https://openalex.org/W2037502735","https://openalex.org/W2043610329","https://openalex.org/W2057311749","https://openalex.org/W2059739463","https://openalex.org/W2065604198","https://openalex.org/W2066889886","https://openalex.org/W2085570105","https://openalex.org/W2087308246","https://openalex.org/W2090442903","https://openalex.org/W2112374372","https://openalex.org/W2114659675","https://openalex.org/W2132723011","https://openalex.org/W2138453742","https://openalex.org/W2162240197","https://openalex.org/W2500165303","https://openalex.org/W3121529106","https://openalex.org/W3121707495","https://openalex.org/W3122137366","https://openalex.org/W3124005258","https://openalex.org/W3141010052","https://openalex.org/W3146800583","https://openalex.org/W3208916654","https://openalex.org/W4248788425","https://openalex.org/W4290016560","https://openalex.org/W6685022789"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210958230","https://openalex.org/W7095691048","https://openalex.org/W603655487","https://openalex.org/W4210703693","https://openalex.org/W2100697979","https://openalex.org/W2162240197","https://openalex.org/W7098811447","https://openalex.org/W2167651646","https://openalex.org/W1931546851","https://openalex.org/W325979463"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,107],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,24,48],"extend":[4],"the":[5,28,34,38,44,60,69,77,88,96,121],"existing":[6],"literature":[7],"on":[8,68,140],"research":[9,15],"and":[10,14,26,76,137],"development":[11],"(R&D)":[12],"investments":[13],"joint":[16,74],"ventures":[17,75],"(RJVs)":[18],"in":[19,33,43,59,95,105],"two":[20],"important":[21],"ways.":[22],"First,":[23],"analyze":[25],"compare":[27],"case":[29,40],"where":[30],"firms":[31,50,72],"collude":[32],"product":[35,80,117],"market":[36,118],"to":[37,51,124],"benchmark":[39],"of":[41,71,79,91,101],"competition":[42,81],"output":[45],"market.":[46],"Second,":[47],"allow":[49],"form":[52,104],"coalitions":[53],"endogenously":[54],"as":[55],"a":[56,141],"separate":[57],"stage":[58],"game.":[61],"We":[62],"develop":[63],"profit":[64],"functions":[65],"that":[66,129],"depend":[67],"partition":[70],"into":[73],"nature":[78,90],"between":[82],"venture":[83],"partners.":[84],"Our":[85],"results":[86],"illustrate":[87],"restrictive":[89],"some":[92],"assumptions":[93],"made":[94],"literature.":[97],"Typically":[98],"multiple":[99],"RJVs":[100,109,139],"different":[102],"sizes":[103],"equilibrium.":[106],"general,":[108],"should":[110],"not":[111],"be":[112],"promoted":[113],"if":[114],"they":[115],"entail":[116],"collusion.":[119],"Given":[120],"information":[122],"available":[123],"policy-makers,":[125],"it":[126],"is":[127,144],"unlikely":[128],"an":[130],"R&D":[131],"policy":[132],"more":[133],"refined":[134],"than":[135],"analyzing":[136],"allowing":[138],"case-by-case":[142],"basis":[143],"feasible.":[145],"Copyright":[146],"\u00a9":[147],"1999":[148],"John":[149],"Wiley":[150],"&":[151],"Sons,":[152],"Ltd.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}