{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2092576944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","title":"Object code optimization","display_name":"Object code optimization","publication_year":1969,"publication_date":"1969-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2092576944","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","mag":"2092576944"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/362835.362838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/362835.362838","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/362835.362838","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014836801","display_name":"Edward S. Lowry","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward S. Lowry","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Business Machines Corp., Poughkeepsie, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business Machines Corp., Poughkeepsie, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035457551","display_name":"C. W. Medlock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. W. Medlock","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Business Machines Corp., Poughkeepsie, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business Machines Corp., Poughkeepsie, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":15.2048,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":231,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98019802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"1","first_page":"13","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.6449999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.6449999809265137,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.3122999966144562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.007799999788403511,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-flow-analysis","display_name":"control flow analysis","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-flow-analysis","display_name":"data flow analysis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dominance-relationships","display_name":"dominance relations","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-transformation","display_name":"program transformation","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-efficiency","display_name":"time efficiency","score":0.6230000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7721438407897949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778241615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83303","display_name":"Fortran","level":2,"score":0.6869513392448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6539528369903564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988963302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629206","display_name":"Program code","level":2,"score":0.5311331152915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160191386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868299","display_name":"Control flow","level":2,"score":0.5276923179626465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154526789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157965","display_name":"Object code","level":4,"score":0.5219287872314453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88468194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172416","display_name":"Data-flow analysis","level":3,"score":0.4949008822441101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.48686331510543823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C489000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747385","display_name":"Data flow diagram","level":2,"score":0.48661383986473083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.473276823759079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139571649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156793","display_name":"Program optimization","level":3,"score":0.4429134428501129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.42661482095718384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41384562849998474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133162039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061077","display_name":"Code generation","level":3,"score":0.29168474674224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.26113712787628174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.19980448484420776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.14638659358024597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08539459109306335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/362835.362838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/362835.362838","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/362835.362838","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/362835.362838","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/362835.362838","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2092576944.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2092576944.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992792191","https://openalex.org/W2015960690","https://openalex.org/W2061025515","https://openalex.org/W2082763279","https://openalex.org/W2115982055","https://openalex.org/W2133104109","https://openalex.org/W2155970780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124153277","https://openalex.org/W2348789486","https://openalex.org/W2022048472","https://openalex.org/W2037654569","https://openalex.org/W1979242329","https://openalex.org/W2978075397","https://openalex.org/W2319745187","https://openalex.org/W2014311072","https://openalex.org/W7070209802","https://openalex.org/W2054551386"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Methods":[0],"of":[1,9,46],"analyzing":[2],"the":[3,17],"control":[4],"flow":[5,8],"and":[6,42,48],"data":[7],"programs":[10],"during":[11],"compilation":[12],"are":[13,29,34,55],"applied":[14],"to":[15,19,36],"transforming":[16],"program":[18],"improve":[20],"object":[21],"time":[22],"efficiency.":[23],"Dominance":[24],"relationships,":[25],"indicating":[26],"which":[27],"statements":[28],"necessarily":[30],"executed":[31],"before":[32],"others,":[33],"used":[35],"do":[37],"global":[38],"common":[39],"expression":[40],"elimination":[41],"loop":[43],"identification.":[44],"Implementation":[45],"these":[47],"other":[49],"optimizations":[50],"in":[51],"OS/360":[52],"FORTRAN":[53],"H":[54],"described.":[56]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
