{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091865629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.13.002546","title":"Three-Dimensional Unstable Resonator Calculations with Laser Medium","display_name":"Three-Dimensional Unstable Resonator Calculations with Laser Medium","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091865629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.13.002546","mag":"2091865629","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20134735"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/ao.13.002546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.13.002546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.13.002546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211917","display_name":"Applied Optics","issn_l":"0003-6935","issn":["0003-6935","1539-4522","1540-8981","1559-128X","2155-3165"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069628633","display_name":"David B. Rensch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200576644","display_name":"HRL Laboratories (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05p7te762","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. B. Rensch","raw_affiliation_strings":["The author is with Hughes Research Laboratories, Malibu, California 90265"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The author is with Hughes Research Laboratories, Malibu, California 90265","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069628633"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200576644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7542,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91099256,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"2546","last_page":"2546"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12760","display_name":"Laser Design and Applications","score":0.9761000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14158","display_name":"Optical Systems and Laser Technology","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finite-difference-wave-equation","display_name":"finite-difference wave equation","score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/refractive-index-inhomogeneity","display_name":"refractive index inhomogeneity","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confocal-resonator","display_name":"confocal resonator","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shock-wave-model","display_name":"shock wave model","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fresnel-number","display_name":"Fresnel number","score":0.777999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.8116942644119263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97126364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349669","display_name":"Resonator","level":2,"score":0.7048014402389526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.5563129782676697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.42933475971221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34511950612068176}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/ao.13.002546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.13.002546","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/ao.13.002546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210211917","display_name":"Applied Optics","issn_l":"0003-6935","issn":["0003-6935","1539-4522","1540-8981","1559-128X","2155-3165"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315679","host_organization_name":"Optica Publishing Group","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315679"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Optica Publishing Group"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Optics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:20134735","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20134735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied optics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965821024","https://openalex.org/W1971239624","https://openalex.org/W2026917191","https://openalex.org/W2046374002","https://openalex.org/W2079711033","https://openalex.org/W2090153757","https://openalex.org/W2092779259","https://openalex.org/W2106237455","https://openalex.org/W2140824015","https://openalex.org/W2157810625"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063868384","https://openalex.org/W2079711033","https://openalex.org/W3046510723","https://openalex.org/W2028512878","https://openalex.org/W2371667823","https://openalex.org/W2348212164","https://openalex.org/W1991291055","https://openalex.org/W6992677202","https://openalex.org/W2126972782","https://openalex.org/W2041741737"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"numerical":[1],"procedure":[2],"that":[3,24,39,90],"uses":[4],"an":[5,28,56,129,150],"explicit":[6],"finite":[7,86,137],"difference":[8,87,138],"method":[9,88,139],"to":[10,54,125,140,160],"solve":[11],"the":[12,51,66,71,85,94,101,136,172],"wave":[13,168],"equation":[14],"is":[15,40,89,144],"described.":[16,175],"This":[17],"technique":[18],"results":[19,112,126,148],"in":[20,171],"a":[21,33,37,76],"propagation":[22,52],"algorithm":[23,53],"can":[25,79],"accurately":[26],"propagate":[27,55],"arbitrary":[29,57],"electric":[30],"field":[31,58],"through":[32],"uniform":[34],"medium":[35,38,164],"or":[36],"nonuniform,":[41],"transversely":[42],"flowing,":[43],"saturable,":[44],"and":[45,60,70,97,111,123,146,158,166],"contains":[46],"index":[47],"inhomogeneities.":[48],"By":[49],"using":[50,128],"back":[59],"forth":[61],"between":[62],"two":[63],"resonator":[64,78,102],"mirrors,":[65],"three-dimensional":[67],"transverse":[68],"mode":[69],"output":[72],"beam":[73],"characteristics":[74],"for":[75,113,149],"laser":[77,142,155],"be":[80],"determined.":[81],"The":[82,106,133,163],"advantage":[83],"of":[84,135],"unlike":[91],"integral":[92],"techniques":[93,108],"computational":[95,107,147],"accuracy":[96],"efficiency":[98],"improve":[99],"as":[100],"Fresnel":[103],"number":[104],"increases.":[105],"are":[109,121,156,174],"explained,":[110],"several":[114],"specific":[115],"empty":[116],"cavity":[117],"confocal":[118],"unstable":[119],"resonators":[120],"presented":[122,157],"compared":[124,159],"obtained":[127],"established":[130],"calculation":[131],"technique.":[132],"application":[134],"inhomogeneous":[141],"media":[143],"described,":[145],"existing":[151],"CO(2)":[152],"gas":[153],"dynamic":[154],"measured":[161],"data.":[162],"kinetics":[165],"shock":[167],"models":[169],"used":[170],"calculations":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}