{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2091237459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","title":"African ancestry and higher prevalence of triple\u2010negative breast cancer","display_name":"African ancestry and higher prevalence of triple\u2010negative breast cancer","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2091237459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","mag":"2091237459","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20629078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cncr.25276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cncr.25276","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126033908","display_name":"Cancer","issn_l":"0008-543X","issn":["0008-543X","1045-7410","1097-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cncr.25276","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065679830","display_name":"Azadeh T. Stark","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-8263","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4252-8263"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154057602","display_name":"Henry Ford Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kwnkm68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Azadeh Stark","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA","Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","Department of Pathology, Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064841578","display_name":"Celina Graciela Kleer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-185X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8195-185X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Celina G. Kleer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070403777","display_name":"Iman K. Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8875-5896","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8875-5896"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iman Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025782788","display_name":"Baffour Awuah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2371-1695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2371-1695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799504885","display_name":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ks08368","country_code":"GH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baffour Awuah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044420595","display_name":"Anthony Nsiah-Asare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799504885","display_name":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ks08368","country_code":"GH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Nsiah\u2010Asare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019717039","display_name":"Valerie E. Takyi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie Takyi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003695596","display_name":"Maria Braman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Braman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034086177","display_name":"Solomon Edward Quayson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-2225","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2152-2225"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799504885","display_name":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05ks08368","country_code":"GH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039285","display_name":"U-M Rogel Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05asdy483","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]}],"countries":["GH","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Solomon E. Quayson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Breast Care Center , Professor, Department of Surgery , University of Michigan , 1500 E. Medical Center Drive , 3308 Cancer Center , Ann Arbor , MI 48109-0932 ;","Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital , Kumasi , Ghana;","Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Breast Care Center , Professor, Department of Surgery , University of Michigan , 1500 E. Medical Center Drive , 3308 Cancer Center , Ann Arbor , MI 48109-0932 ;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital , Kumasi , Ghana;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799504885"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050821841","display_name":"Richard J. Zarbo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154057602","display_name":"Henry Ford Health","ror":"https://ror.org/02kwnkm68","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Zarbo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154057602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059956218","display_name":"Max S. Wicha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-7727","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4180-7727"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039285","display_name":"U-M Rogel Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05asdy483","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Wicha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Breast Care Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Breast Care Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017253314","display_name":"Lisa A. Newman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2059-0477","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2059-0477"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4390039285","display_name":"U-M Rogel Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05asdy483","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114445","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Newman","raw_affiliation_strings":["","Breast Care Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Breast Care Center, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017253314"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I4390039285"],"apc_list":{"value":4790,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4790},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7895,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":236,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95328683,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"116","issue":"21","first_page":"4926","last_page":"4932"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.8154000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.8154000043869019,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11134","display_name":"Breast Lesions and Carcinomas","score":0.06809999793767929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12103","display_name":"Cancer Risks and Factors","score":0.06599999964237213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/triple-negative-breast-cancer","display_name":"triple-negative breast cancer","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-ancestry","display_name":"African ancestry","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-american-women","display_name":"African American women","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ghanaian-women","display_name":"Ghanaian women","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estrogen-receptor-negative-tumors","display_name":"estrogen receptor-negative tumors","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/progesterone-receptor","display_name":"progesterone receptor","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer-subtypes","display_name":"breast cancer subtypes","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-grade","display_name":"tumor grade","score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage-at-diagnosis","display_name":"stage at diagnosis","score":0.6320000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8802257776260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7843332","display_name":"Triple-negative breast cancer","level":4,"score":0.7900465130805969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.6516886949539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992734768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48964","display_name":"Triple negative","level":4,"score":0.502082347869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.4505949914455414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.40190672874450684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.38389164209365845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3769182860851288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001741","descriptor_name":"Black or African American","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000208","qualifier_name":"ethnology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009376","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044383","descriptor_name":"Black People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044383","descriptor_name":"Black People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044383","descriptor_name":"Black People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D044383","descriptor_name":"Black People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D047628","descriptor_name":"Estrogen Receptor alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D047628","descriptor_name":"Estrogen Receptor alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D047628","descriptor_name":"Estrogen Receptor alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D047628","descriptor_name":"Estrogen Receptor alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cncr.25276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cncr.25276","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126033908","display_name":"Cancer","issn_l":"0008-543X","issn":["0008-543X","1045-7410","1097-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:20629078","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20629078","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3138711","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3138711","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cancer","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:deepblue.lib.umich.edu:2027.42/78243","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/78243","pdf_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/78243","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400393","display_name":"Deep Blue (University of Michigan)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","host_organization_name":"University of Michigan","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cncr.25276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25276","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/cncr.25276","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S126033908","display_name":"Cancer","issn_l":"0008-543X","issn":["0008-543X","1045-7410","1097-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8100000023841858}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4590142905","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01CA125577","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000910373","display_name":"Role of EZH2 in Breast Cancer Progression","funder_award_id":"R01CA107469","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","funder_display_name":"National Cancer Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2091237459.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2091237459.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1506534544","https://openalex.org/W1839791863","https://openalex.org/W1965367061","https://openalex.org/W1970863086","https://openalex.org/W1975044995","https://openalex.org/W1985360994","https://openalex.org/W1991236294","https://openalex.org/W1997540242","https://openalex.org/W1998909676","https://openalex.org/W2003625860","https://openalex.org/W2019495648","https://openalex.org/W2019738273","https://openalex.org/W2026174949","https://openalex.org/W2029944894","https://openalex.org/W2032943718","https://openalex.org/W2043409879","https://openalex.org/W2055144649","https://openalex.org/W2073315776","https://openalex.org/W2074048861","https://openalex.org/W2077266258","https://openalex.org/W2077694700","https://openalex.org/W2085712272","https://openalex.org/W2086465378","https://openalex.org/W2099335989","https://openalex.org/W2131994307","https://openalex.org/W2139034836","https://openalex.org/W2139713460","https://openalex.org/W2139892288","https://openalex.org/W2143536821","https://openalex.org/W2153883103","https://openalex.org/W2155595228","https://openalex.org/W2161426850","https://openalex.org/W2168760093","https://openalex.org/W2231000545","https://openalex.org/W2231156824"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064898491","https://openalex.org/W2592049401","https://openalex.org/W2387231244","https://openalex.org/W2117189145","https://openalex.org/W3203000403","https://openalex.org/W3151231688","https://openalex.org/W2892677547","https://openalex.org/W4250415846","https://openalex.org/W2254963647","https://openalex.org/W2356671061"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"The":[1,90],"study":[2,45,91,223],"of":[3,14,22,74,81,125,171,182,186,192,208,228,257],"breast":[4,235,262],"cancer":[5,34,236,263],"in":[6,59],"women":[7,31,174],"with":[8,32,133,146,238],"African":[9,26,98,115,127,187,214,241,258],"ancestry":[10,259],"offers":[11],"the":[12,37,43,54,63,72,205,255],"promise":[13],"identifying":[15],"markers":[16],"for":[17,76,110,114,119,251],"risk":[18],"assessment":[19,80],"and":[20,28,47,79,83,86,100,117,129,140,144,152,189,217,231,243,260],"treatment":[21],"triple-negative":[23,147,209,232],"disease.":[24],"METHODS:":[25],"American":[27,30,121,131,173],"white":[29,95,120,130,193,218,239],"invasive":[33],"diagnosed":[35,50,176],"at":[36,53,105],"Henry":[38],"Ford":[39],"Health":[40],"System":[41],"comprised":[42],"primary":[44],"population,":[46],"Ghanaian":[48,157],"patients":[49,237],"and/or":[51],"treated":[52],"Komfo":[55],"Anokye":[56],"Teaching":[57],"Hospital":[58],"Kumasi,":[60],"Ghana":[61],"constituted":[62],"comparison":[64],"group.":[65],"Formalin-fixed,":[66],"paraffin-embedded":[67],"specimens":[68],"were":[69,137,149,159,166,175,195],"transported":[70],"to":[71],"University":[73],"Michigan":[75],"histopathology":[77],"confirmation,":[78],"estrogen":[82,134,229],"progesterone":[84],"receptors":[85],"HER-2/neu":[87],"expression.":[88],"RESULTS:":[89],"population":[92],"included":[93],"1008":[94],"Americans,":[96,99],"581":[97],"75":[101],"Ghanaians.":[102],"Mean":[103],"age":[104],"diagnosis":[106],"was":[107],"48.0":[108],"years":[109,113],"Ghanaian,":[111,126],"60.8":[112],"American,":[116,128,240,242],"62.4":[118],"cases":[122,132,158],"(P=.002).":[123],"Proportions":[124],"receptor-negative":[135,230],"tumors":[136,210,233],"76%,":[138],"36%,":[139],"22%,":[141],"respectively":[142,154],"(P<.001),":[143],"proportions":[145],"disease":[148],"82%,":[150],"26%,":[151],"16%,":[153],"(P<.001).":[155],"All":[156],"palpable,":[160,199],"locally":[161],"advanced":[162],"cancers;":[163],"57":[164],"(76%)":[165],"grade":[167,196,200],"3.":[168,197],"A":[169],"total":[170],"147":[172],"as":[177],"stage":[178],"III":[179],"or":[180],"IV;":[181],"these,":[183],"67.5%":[184],"(n=46)":[185],"Americans":[188,194,215,219],"44.6%":[190],"(n=29)":[191],"Among":[198],"3":[201],"cancers,":[202],"Ghanaians":[203],"had":[204],"highest":[206],"prevalence":[207],"(82.2%),":[211],"followed":[212],"by":[213],"(32.8%)":[216],"(10.2%).":[220],"CONCLUSIONS:":[221],"Our":[222],"demonstrates":[224],"progressively":[225],"increasing":[226],"frequency":[227],"among":[234],"Ghanaian/African":[244],"backgrounds.":[245],"This":[246],"pattern":[247],"indicates":[248],"a":[249],"need":[250],"additional":[252],"investigations":[253],"correlating":[254],"extent":[256],"high-risk":[261],"subtypes.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
