{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2090600518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","title":"Use of the Hospital in a Randomized Trial of Prepaid Care","display_name":"Use of the Hospital in a Randomized Trial of Prepaid Care","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2090600518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","mag":"2090600518","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3339839"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172573765","display_name":"JAMA","issn_l":"0002-9955","issn":["0002-9955","0098-7484","1538-3598","2376-8118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029418116","display_name":"Albert L. Siu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-8502","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-8502"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1309849503","display_name":"RAND Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/00f2z7n96","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Albert L. Siu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Program, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. 90406-2138"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Program, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. 90406-2138","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029418116"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1309849503"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.9993,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":51,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9887584,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"259","issue":"9","first_page":"1343","last_page":"1343"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9653000235557556,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13555","display_name":"Healthcare cost, quality, practices","score":0.03229999914765358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11590","display_name":"Primary Care and Health Outcomes","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2714","display_name":"Family Practice"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-maintenance-organizations","display_name":"health maintenance organizations","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outpatient-care","display_name":"outpatient care","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-reduction","display_name":"cost reduction","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9545052647590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992556508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Health maintenance","level":3,"score":0.8133022785186768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35785553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756720","display_name":"Ambulatory","level":2,"score":0.6743521094322205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.6678778529167175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.5659278631210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.5449314713478088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124306116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2512965","display_name":"Ambulatory care","level":3,"score":0.4721396267414093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018838755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Medical care","level":2,"score":0.45570996403694153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4537903666496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.426359623670578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.19608253240585327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000553","descriptor_name":"Ambulatory Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003363","descriptor_name":"Cost Control","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005251","descriptor_name":"Fees, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006279","descriptor_name":"Health Maintenance Organizations","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007348","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Health","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011897","descriptor_name":"Random Allocation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014600","descriptor_name":"Utilization Review","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014861","descriptor_name":"Washington","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03720090033030","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172573765","display_name":"JAMA","issn_l":"0002-9955","issn":["0002-9955","0098-7484","1538-3598","2376-8118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1001/jama.259.9.1343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.259.9.1343","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.259.9.1343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S172573765","display_name":"JAMA","issn_l":"0002-9955","issn":["0002-9955","0098-7484","1538-3598","2376-8118"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320259","host_organization_name":"American Medical Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320259"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Medical Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3339839","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3339839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JAMA","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W96371955","https://openalex.org/W1528318963","https://openalex.org/W1966105145","https://openalex.org/W1967582146","https://openalex.org/W1968850752","https://openalex.org/W1986396449","https://openalex.org/W1998207479","https://openalex.org/W2005134690","https://openalex.org/W2006131277","https://openalex.org/W2014235554","https://openalex.org/W2063772729","https://openalex.org/W2099756352","https://openalex.org/W2322538541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2419587913","https://openalex.org/W2322538541","https://openalex.org/W2400946577","https://openalex.org/W2070800433","https://openalex.org/W1982996649","https://openalex.org/W231795913","https://openalex.org/W1661089791","https://openalex.org/W2418957211","https://openalex.org/W2042912513","https://openalex.org/W2474161181"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Health":[0],"maintenance":[1],"organizations":[2],"(HMOs)":[3],"achieve":[4],"their":[5],"cost":[6],"savings":[7],"through":[8],"lower":[9,72,98,112],"rates":[10,91,113,141],"of":[11,55,60,68,79,92,114],"hospital":[12,57],"admissions.":[13],"To":[14],"determine":[15],"whether":[16],"HMOs":[17],"selectively":[18,151],"avoid":[19],"discretionary":[20,69,93,148],"hospitalizations,":[21],"medical":[22,48,62,89],"records":[23,49],"were":[24,32,42,97,103],"reviewed":[25,46],"from":[26,110],"a":[27],"randomized":[28],"trial":[29],"where":[30],"families":[31],"assigned":[33],"to":[34,44],"either":[35,117],"HMO":[36,129,137],"or":[37,126],"free-for-service":[38],"care.":[39],"Physicians":[40],"who":[41],"blinded":[43],"system":[45],"244":[47],"and":[50,59,94],"judged":[51],"the":[52,56,61,74,77,85,100,111,119,128,146],"appropriateness":[53],"both":[54],"setting":[58],"indications":[63],"for":[64],"hospitalization.":[65],"The":[66],"rate":[67,78],"surgery":[70,81,149],"was":[71,82,124],"in":[73,84,99,139],"HMO,":[75],"while":[76],"nondiscretionary":[80,95,115],"equivalent":[83],"two":[86],"systems.":[87],"For":[88],"admissions,":[90],"admissions":[96],"HMO.":[101],"There":[102],"no":[104],"observable":[105],"adverse":[106],"effects":[107],"on":[108,122],"health":[109,123],"hospitalization,":[116],"because":[118,127],"net":[120],"effect":[121],"small":[125],"substituted":[130],"appropriate":[131],"ambulatory":[132],"services.":[133],"We":[134],"conclude":[135],"that":[136],"reductions":[138],"hospitalization":[140],"do":[142],"not":[143],"occur":[144],"\"across":[145],"board\";":[147],"is":[150],"avoided.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}