{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2089419443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","title":"The effects of a multi-ingredient cognitive formula on alertness, focus, motivation, calmness and psychomotor performance in comparison to caffeine and placebo","display_name":"The effects of a multi-ingredient cognitive formula on alertness, focus, motivation, calmness and psychomotor performance in comparison to caffeine and placebo","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2089419443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","mag":"2089419443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1186/1550-2783-11-S1-P45?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3207227496","display_name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","issn_l":"1550-2783","issn":["1550-2783"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1186/1550-2783-11-S1-P45?needAccess=true&role=button","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015159538","display_name":"Kevin A. Shields","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin A Shields","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060946868","display_name":"Jeremy E Silva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy E Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047768832","display_name":"Jacob T. Rauch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-340X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7827-340X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob T Rauch","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084909588","display_name":"Ryan P. Lowery","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan P Lowery","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052417539","display_name":"Jacob A Ormes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-4037","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2517-4037"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacob A Ormes","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055091750","display_name":"Matthew H. Sharp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2018-9229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2018-9229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew H Sharp","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087922898","display_name":"Sean A McCleary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sean A McCleary","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059705683","display_name":"John I Georges","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Georges","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111686554","display_name":"Jordan M. Joy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jordan M Joy","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065156092","display_name":"Martin Purpura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2591-5453","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2591-5453"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267248","display_name":"Increnovo LLC (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01w2yvg65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267248"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Purpura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Increnovo LLC Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Increnovo LLC Milwaukee Wisconsin USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061863448","display_name":"Ralf J\u00e4ger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7345-9635","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7345-9635"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405267248","display_name":"Increnovo LLC (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01w2yvg65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405267248"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ralf J\u00e4ger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Increnovo LLC Milwaukee Wisconsin USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Increnovo LLC Milwaukee Wisconsin USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405267248"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063843782","display_name":"Jacob M. Wilson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-7084","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5044-7084"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93320256","display_name":"University of Tampa","ror":"https://ror.org/007h1g065","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jacob M Wilson","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tampa Tampa Fl USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063843782"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93320256"],"apc_list":{"value":2490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2490},"apc_paid":{"value":2490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2490},"fwci":0.2203,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53148469,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"sup1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11264","display_name":"Coffee research and impacts","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11264","display_name":"Coffee research and impacts","score":0.9487000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2736","display_name":"Pharmacology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13651","display_name":"Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds","score":0.013199999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2707","display_name":"Complementary and alternative medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-exercise-supplementation","display_name":"pre-workout supplements","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caffeine","display_name":"caffeine","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alertness","display_name":"alertness","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"focus","score":0.6639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motivation","display_name":"motivation","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tranquillity","display_name":"tranquility","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychomotor-function","display_name":"psychomotor performance","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-performance","display_name":"cognitive performance","score":0.5370000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulants","display_name":"stimulants","score":0.6959999799728394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164953862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256440","display_name":"Psychomotor learning","level":3,"score":0.7951766848564148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200678441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423044","display_name":"Alertness","level":2,"score":0.7293029427528381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20740046","display_name":"Calmness","level":2,"score":0.7204201221466064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5850312113761902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4944131374359131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27081682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269829","display_name":"Placebo","level":3,"score":0.4858253002166748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778500429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60235","display_name":"Caffeine","level":2,"score":0.47003549337387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3239939212799072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.1673896312713623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.16493582725524902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.07174348831176758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1186/1550-2783-11-S1-P45?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3207227496","display_name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","issn_l":"1550-2783","issn":["1550-2783"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4271648","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4271648/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Int Soc Sports Nutr","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-11-s1-p45","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1186/1550-2783-11-S1-P45?needAccess=true&role=button","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3207227496","display_name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","issn_l":"1550-2783","issn":["1550-2783"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2089419443.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2605864126","https://openalex.org/W7170835547","https://openalex.org/W7009479716","https://openalex.org/W7213560820","https://openalex.org/W3089198124","https://openalex.org/W2109635110","https://openalex.org/W4280491197","https://openalex.org/W2122931503","https://openalex.org/W4319770298","https://openalex.org/W3035830516"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"pre-workout":[1],"supplements":[2],"are":[3],"based":[4],"on":[5],"the":[6],"stimulant":[7],"caffeine,":[8],"containing":[9],"anywhere":[10],"from":[11,28],"100-300":[12],"mg":[13],"of":[14],"caffeine":[15],"in":[16],"a":[17],"serving.":[18],"While":[19],"research":[20],"has":[21],"confirmed":[22],"increased":[23],"mental":[24],"focus":[25],"and":[26],"acuity":[27],"t...":[29]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}