{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2089323745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","title":"Building Diversity in a Complex Academic Health Center","display_name":"Building Diversity in a Complex Academic Health Center","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-07-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2089323745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","mag":"2089323745","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23886998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","pdf_url":"http://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19793444","display_name":"Academic Medicine","issn_l":"1040-2446","issn":["1040-2446","1938-808X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014599238","display_name":"Jeannette E. South-Paul","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeannette E. South-Paul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. soutjx@upmc.edu","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. soutjx@upmc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108574543","display_name":"Loren H. Roth","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Loren Roth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101592030","display_name":"Paula K. Davis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-3765","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7033-3765"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paula K. Davis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075613231","display_name":"Terence Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Terence Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047791780","display_name":"Anna Roman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Roman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058966253","display_name":"Audrey J. Murrell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-2454","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5626-2454"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Audrey Murrell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110611734","display_name":"Chenits Pettigrew","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenits Pettigrew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053686504","display_name":"Candi Castleberry-Singleton","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Candi Castleberry-Singleton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030747987","display_name":"Joel S. Schuman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8885-3766","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8885-3766"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100545","display_name":"Eye and Ear Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/00y022594","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100545"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134769","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04ehecz88","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098814","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel Schuman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ethical approval: Not applicable","Other disclosures: None","Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ethical approval: Not applicable","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Other disclosures: None","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"should be addressed to Dr. South-Paul, Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3518 Fifth Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15261; telephone: (412) 383-2378; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. Roth is associate senior vice chancellor for clinical policy and planning, Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Dr. Schuman is the Eye and Ear Foundation Professor and chairman, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh and Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Ethical approval: Not applicable.; Funding/Support: None.; Ms. Castleberry-Singleton is chief inclusion and diversity officer, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.; Other disclosures: None.; Supplemental digital content for this article is available at https://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139.; e-mail: [email\u00a0protected].; telephone: (412) 383-2378","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014599238"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317","https://openalex.org/I4210100545","https://openalex.org/I4210134769"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7155,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94332093,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"88","issue":"9","first_page":"1259","last_page":"1264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10843","display_name":"Diversity and Career in Medicine","score":0.9570000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12194","display_name":"Cultural Competency in Health Care","score":0.03020000085234642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10254","display_name":"Innovations in Medical Education","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-and-inclusion","display_name":"diversity and inclusion","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-medical-centers","display_name":"academic medical centers","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-coordination","display_name":"institutional coordination","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-disparities","display_name":"health disparities","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultural-competence","display_name":"cultural competence","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recruitment","display_name":"recruitment","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-climate","display_name":"diversity climate","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-of-pittsburgh","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-outreach","display_name":"community outreach","score":0.3319999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.7179366946220398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779463800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062222","display_name":"Center (category theory)","level":2,"score":0.6652865409851074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.4616287052631378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.44637688994407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3131372928619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.23527824878692627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.12175169587135315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000046","descriptor_name":"Academic Medical Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003299","descriptor_name":"Cooperative Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007857","descriptor_name":"Leadership","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010414","descriptor_name":"Pennsylvania","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016730","descriptor_name":"Program Development","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018864","descriptor_name":"Cultural Diversity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019982","descriptor_name":"Organizational Case Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054521","descriptor_name":"Cultural Competency","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D054625","descriptor_name":"Healthcare Disparities","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","pdf_url":"http://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19793444","display_name":"Academic Medicine","issn_l":"1040-2446","issn":["1040-2446","1938-808X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23886998","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23886998","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/acm.0b013e31829e57b0","pdf_url":"http://links.lww.com/ACADMED/A139","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19793444","display_name":"Academic Medicine","issn_l":"1040-2446","issn":["1040-2446","1938-808X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academic Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.504800021648407,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2089323745.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2089323745.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43717339","https://openalex.org/W1996880522","https://openalex.org/W2147862427","https://openalex.org/W2157365147","https://openalex.org/W2172002504","https://openalex.org/W2317610227"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095689721","https://openalex.org/W2026266663","https://openalex.org/W2771032740","https://openalex.org/W4400950178","https://openalex.org/W4214596099","https://openalex.org/W2474279760","https://openalex.org/W4399364003","https://openalex.org/W4415729174","https://openalex.org/W4409525571","https://openalex.org/W2315236996"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"30":[1],"years,":[2],"the":[3,10,21,37,64,67,71,87,90,94,124,137,147,153,191,210,213,221,238,242],"many":[4],"diversity-related":[5],"health":[6,22,39,82,239],"sciences":[7],"programs":[8],"targeting":[9],"University":[11,222],"of":[12,17,20,44,59,92,96,123,155,196,216,223],"Pittsburgh":[13,224,243],"undergraduate":[14],"campus,":[15],"school":[16],"medicine,":[18],"schools":[19],"sciences,":[23],"clinical":[24],"practice":[25],"plan,":[26],"and":[27,33,53,61,66,77,107,130,133,139,158,176,183,186,194,199,212,233],"medical":[28,68],"center":[29,40,69],"were":[30],"run":[31],"independently":[32],"remained":[34],"separate":[35],"within":[36,209],"academic":[38,111],"(AHC).":[41],"This":[42],"lack":[43],"coordination":[45],"hampered":[46],"their":[47],"overall":[48],"effectiveness":[49],"in":[50,99,241],"promoting":[51],"diversity":[52,76,126,198,229],"inclusion.":[54],"In":[55,84],"2007,":[56],"a":[57,100,121],"group":[58],"faculty":[60,132],"administrators":[62],"from":[63],"university":[65],"recognized":[70],"need":[72],"to":[73,78,109,119,135,151,159,172,206,225,234,236],"improve":[74],"institutional":[75,164],"better":[79],"address":[80,152,173,237],"local":[81],"disparities.":[83],"this":[85,156],"article,":[86],"authors":[88],"describe":[89],"process":[91],"linking":[93],"efforts":[95,162],"these":[97,203],"institutions":[98],"way":[101],"that":[102,218],"would":[103],"be":[104],"successful":[105],"locally":[106],"applicable":[108],"other":[110],"environments.":[112],"First,":[113],"they":[114,145,167],"engaged":[115],"an":[116],"independent":[117],"consultant":[118],"conduct":[120],"study":[122,157],"AHC's":[125],"climate,":[127],"interviewing":[128],"current":[129],"former":[131],"trainees":[134],"define":[136],"problem":[138],"identify":[140],"areas":[141],"for":[142],"improvement.":[143],"Next,":[144],"created":[146],"Physician":[148],"Inclusion":[149],"Council":[150],"findings":[154],"coordinate":[160],"future":[161],"with":[163],"leaders.":[165],"Finally,":[166],"formed":[168],"four":[169],"working":[170],"committees":[171,189],"(1)":[174],"communications":[175],"outreach,":[177],"(2)":[178],"cultural":[179],"competency,":[180],"(3)":[181],"recruitment,":[182],"(4)":[184],"mentoring":[185],"retention.":[187],"These":[188],"oversaw":[190],"strategic":[192],"development":[193],"implementation":[195],"all":[197],"inclusion":[200,232],"efforts.":[201],"Together":[202],"steps":[204],"led":[205],"structural":[207],"changes":[208],"AHC":[211],"improved":[214],"allocation":[215],"resources":[217],"have":[219],"positioned":[220],"achieve":[226],"not":[227],"only":[228],"but":[230],"also":[231],"continue":[235],"disparities":[240],"community.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}