{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2089174513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","title":"Changing Urban Landscape and Its Implications in Environmental Management: The Case of Calamba City, Philippines","display_name":"Changing Urban Landscape and Its Implications in Environmental Management: The Case of Calamba City, Philippines","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2089174513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","mag":"2089174513"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184782","display_name":"IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation","issn_l":"2244-1573","issn":["2244-1573","2244-1581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102967097","display_name":"Ricardo T. Bagarinao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3705-9877","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3705-9877","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8247-6015"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97002122","display_name":"University of the Philippines Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/00k27aj44","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I97002122"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"RICARDO T. BAGARINAO","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Education#R##N#University of the Philippines Open University#R##N#Los Ba\u00f1os, Laguna"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Education#R##N#University of the Philippines Open University#R##N#Los Ba\u00f1os, Laguna","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97002122"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102967097"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97002122"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.8198000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.8198000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.16580000519752502,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13203","display_name":"Environmental Changes in China","score":0.00419999985024333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-landscape-transformation","display_name":"urban landscape transformation","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-and-land-cover-change","display_name":"land use and land cover change","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landscape-metrics","display_name":"landscape metrics","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landscape-fragmentation","display_name":"landscape fragmentation","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/built-up-area-expansion","display_name":"built-up area expansion","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cropland-conversion","display_name":"cropland conversion","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urbanization","display_name":"urbanization","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-management","display_name":"environmental management","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calamba-city","display_name":"Calamba City","score":0.8019999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59898753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879641","display_name":"Shrubland","level":3,"score":0.710344672203064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775835988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006733","display_name":"Grassland","level":2,"score":0.7017615437507629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6381656527519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.6128895282745361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.5413588881492615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.43022847175598145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.390494704246521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.30223196744918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.2851487398147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.11194431781768799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7718/ijec.v6i1.551","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210184782","display_name":"IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation","issn_l":"2244-1573","issn":["2244-1573","2244-1581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IAMURE International Journal of Ecology and Conservation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":1.0},{"display_name":"Life on land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.8518999814987183}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2727736421","https://openalex.org/W2073365082","https://openalex.org/W7117413395","https://openalex.org/W3038120085","https://openalex.org/W2000949684","https://openalex.org/W2390446654","https://openalex.org/W2917142825","https://openalex.org/W7145205573","https://openalex.org/W2371644336","https://openalex.org/W1525714507"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"landscape":[1,13,29,86,122],"is":[2,7,95],"a":[3,96,177],"dynamic":[4],"system":[5],"that":[6,155],"altered":[8],"by":[9,27,58,66],"disturbances.":[10],"The":[11,136],"changesin":[12],"patterns":[14],"between":[15,143],"2003":[16,88,107,144],"and":[17,34,81,108,118,131,145,162],"2010":[18,109,146],"of":[19,44,171],"an":[20,152],"urban":[21],"area":[22,91,103,142],"in":[23,87,99,180],"the":[24,42,49,60,85,100,148,168,172,181],"Philippineswere":[25],"analyzed":[26],"using":[28,59],"metrics":[30,123],"related":[31],"to":[32,40,111,114,150,176],"size":[33],"shape.":[35],"A":[36],"transition":[37],"tablewas":[38],"created":[39],"determine":[41],"transformation":[43],"land":[45,53,61,129],"class":[46,54,102,139],"type":[47],"within":[48],"period":[50],"ofanalysis.":[51],"Eight":[52],"types":[55],"were":[56],"identified":[57],"use-land":[62],"cover":[63],"classificationscheme":[64],"used":[65],"NAMRIA":[67],"(i.e.":[68],"closed":[69],"forest,":[70,72],"open":[71],"annual":[73,105],"cropland,perennial":[74],"cropland,":[75],"built-up":[76,90,115,141],"area,":[77,116],"wooded":[78],"grassland,":[79,80,117],"shrubland).":[82],"Annualcropland":[83],"dominated":[84,92],"while":[89],"in2010.":[93],"There":[94],"significant":[97],"reduction":[98],"computed":[101,138],"for":[104,127],"croplandbetween":[106],"due":[110],"its":[112],"conversion":[113],"forestsin":[119],"2010.":[120],"Computed":[121],"indicate":[124],"shape":[125],"complexity":[126],"all":[128],"classtypes,":[130],"relatively":[132],"less":[133],"fragmented":[134],"landscape.":[135],"increasing":[137],"areafor":[140],"highlights":[147],"need":[149],"implement":[151],"effectivemanagement":[153],"strategy":[154],"can":[156],"address":[157],"flooding,":[158],"solid":[159],"waste":[160],"disposal,":[161],"pollution.Unless":[163],"this":[164],"will":[165,174],"be":[166],"done,":[167],"rapid":[169],"urbanization":[170],"City":[173],"lead":[175],"greaterenvironmental":[178],"catastrophe":[179],"future.Keywords:":[182],"Landscape":[183],"Ecology,":[184],"landscape,":[185],"urban,":[186],"metrics,":[187],"environmental":[188],"management,Calamba":[189],"City,":[190],"Philippines":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-13T10:08:12.033832","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}