{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2089148305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","title":"Visual and phonological components of working memory in children","display_name":"Visual and phonological components of working memory in children","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2089148305","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","mag":"2089148305","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2927315"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/bf03197067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03197067.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory &amp; Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03197067.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106262765","display_name":"Graham J. Hitch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3960-7101","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3960-7101"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graham J. Hitch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, MI3 9PL, Manchester, England","Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, MI3 9PL, Manchester, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062834512","display_name":"Michael E. Woodin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael E. Woodin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, MI3 9PL, Manchester, England","Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, MI3 9PL, Manchester, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sally Baker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sally Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, MI3 9PL, Manchester, England","Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, MI3 9PL, Manchester, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3393,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":183,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94610057,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"2","first_page":"175","last_page":"185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.6523000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.6523000001907349,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.2964000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10465","display_name":"Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-working-memory","display_name":"visual working memory","score":0.8629999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-working-memory","display_name":"phonological working memory","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-memory","display_name":"children's memory","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immediate-memory","display_name":"immediate memory","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-drawing","display_name":"object drawing","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phonological-similarity","display_name":"phonological similarity","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-similarity","display_name":"visual similarity","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/articulatory-suppression","display_name":"articulatory suppression","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory-development","display_name":"working memory development","score":0.6510000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.8723083734512329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.6280989050865173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.6145284175872803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179226034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18599","display_name":"Short-term memory","level":4,"score":0.5116510987281799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.41315847635269165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.388969749212265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.34188929200172424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.33148759603500366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.1575573980808258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002657","descriptor_name":"Child Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010364","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Visual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010700","descriptor_name":"Phonetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012660","descriptor_name":"Semantics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3758/bf03197067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03197067.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory &amp; Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2927315","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2927315","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & cognition","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/bf03197067","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03197067","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/BF03197067.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory &amp; Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2089148305.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2089148305.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W651449142","https://openalex.org/W1526709407","https://openalex.org/W1601849497","https://openalex.org/W1738233868","https://openalex.org/W1994797618","https://openalex.org/W1995316098","https://openalex.org/W2003152127","https://openalex.org/W2008697172","https://openalex.org/W2009612841","https://openalex.org/W2015437487","https://openalex.org/W2021820036","https://openalex.org/W2025668003","https://openalex.org/W2033395931","https://openalex.org/W2041152762","https://openalex.org/W2069631964","https://openalex.org/W2082622919","https://openalex.org/W2088117761","https://openalex.org/W2089412241","https://openalex.org/W2125087642","https://openalex.org/W2801744372","https://openalex.org/W3021091992","https://openalex.org/W3022353958","https://openalex.org/W4240553276","https://openalex.org/W4253734165","https://openalex.org/W6702140026"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003152127","https://openalex.org/W2106796937","https://openalex.org/W850979852","https://openalex.org/W2165513712","https://openalex.org/W1977466323","https://openalex.org/W6925126576","https://openalex.org/W2125087642","https://openalex.org/W2569201715","https://openalex.org/W2047947891","https://openalex.org/W4247615600"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
