{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2088944737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093","title":"Serological and molecular screening for viruses in blood donors from Ntcheu, Malawi: High prevalence of HIV\u20101 subtype C and of markers of hepatitis B and C viruses","display_name":"Serological and molecular screening for viruses in blood donors from Ntcheu, Malawi: High prevalence of HIV\u20101 subtype C and of markers of hepatitis B and C viruses","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-07-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2088944737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093","mag":"2088944737","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11505436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/jmv.1093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49828768","display_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","issn_l":"0146-6615","issn":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038647047","display_name":"Daniel Candotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-5373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7738-5373"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"D. Candotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Blood Service, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Blood Service, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068858289","display_name":"Catherine Mundy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Mundy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003746377","display_name":"Godfrey Kadewele","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127845","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0357r2107","country_code":"MW","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127845"]}],"countries":["MW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Kadewele","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Health and Population, Ntcheu, Malawi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health and Population, Ntcheu, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110889356","display_name":"W Nkhoma","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210127845","display_name":"Ministry of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0357r2107","country_code":"MW","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127845"]}],"countries":["MW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"W. Nkhoma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Health and Population, Ntcheu, Malawi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health and Population, Ntcheu, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210127845"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066836044","display_name":"Imelda Bates","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0862-8199","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0862-8199"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194839184","display_name":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03svjbs84","country_code":"GB","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Bates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194839184"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041693706","display_name":"Jean\u2010Pierre Allain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5605","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5703-5605"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.\u2010P. Allain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Haematology, Division of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Haematology, Division of Transfusion Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038647047"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4730,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4730},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2974,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95269307,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12735","display_name":"Blood donation and transfusion practices","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12735","display_name":"Blood donation and transfusion practices","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-subtype-c","display_name":"HIV-1 subtype C","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-c-virus","display_name":"hepatitis C virus","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b-virus","display_name":"hepatitis B virus","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/htlv-1","display_name":"HTLV-1","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-donor-screening","display_name":"blood donor screening","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfusion-safety","display_name":"transfusion safety","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-hbv-coinfection","display_name":"HIV/HBV coinfection","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-prevalence","display_name":"viral prevalence","score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-1-rna","display_name":"HIV-1 RNA","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hepatitis-b-surface-antigen","display_name":"hepatitis B surface antigen","score":0.6930000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.8654981851577759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777410769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2282887","display_name":"HBsAg","level":4,"score":0.7392140030860901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45189115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159","display_name":"Serology","level":3,"score":0.6302916407585144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776408679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q708693","display_name":"Hepatitis C virus","level":3,"score":0.5472152829170227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780593183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6844","display_name":"Hepatitis B virus","level":3,"score":0.5426859855651855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780727368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928978","display_name":"Viral disease","level":3,"score":0.49840235710144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.49360334873199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6853","display_name":"Hepatitis B","level":2,"score":0.486013263463974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522874641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q808","display_name":"Virus","level":2,"score":0.4818209707736969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.4590770900249481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776455275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154869","display_name":"Hepatitis C","level":2,"score":0.41497015953063965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3912196755409241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3720855712890625}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000595","descriptor_name":"Amino Acid Sequence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000914","descriptor_name":"Antibodies, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001782","descriptor_name":"Blood Donors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006509","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006514","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis B Surface Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000032","qualifier_name":"analysis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006526","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis C","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008295","descriptor_name":"Malawi","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008969","descriptor_name":"Molecular Sequence Data","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010802","descriptor_name":"Phylogeny","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012367","descriptor_name":"RNA, Viral","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015481","descriptor_name":"HTLV-I Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015483","descriptor_name":"HIV Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015490","descriptor_name":"HTLV-I Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015497","descriptor_name":"HIV-1","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015528","descriptor_name":"HIV Seroprevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015658","descriptor_name":"HIV Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016174","descriptor_name":"Hepacivirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018937","descriptor_name":"Hepatitis C Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/jmv.1093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49828768","display_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","issn_l":"0146-6615","issn":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1002/jmv.1093.abs","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093.abs","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1093.abs","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49828768","display_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","issn_l":"0146-6615","issn":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Virology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11505436","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11505436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medical virology","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:hub.hku.hk:10722/148224","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10722/148224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196271","display_name":"The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","host_organization_name":"University of Hong Kong","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9922999739646912,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321637","display_name":"Department for International Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05rf29967"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W37614185","https://openalex.org/W1590855063","https://openalex.org/W1964656187","https://openalex.org/W1965757034","https://openalex.org/W1970906662","https://openalex.org/W1983034599","https://openalex.org/W2004483333","https://openalex.org/W2008833907","https://openalex.org/W2013926178","https://openalex.org/W2022032732","https://openalex.org/W2022682253","https://openalex.org/W2063907600","https://openalex.org/W2073500240","https://openalex.org/W2078145079","https://openalex.org/W2088136307","https://openalex.org/W2091185925","https://openalex.org/W2092323417","https://openalex.org/W2096786687","https://openalex.org/W2103347074","https://openalex.org/W2396005505","https://openalex.org/W2399322208","https://openalex.org/W4236785713"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2114649667","https://openalex.org/W4225616065","https://openalex.org/W2061443696","https://openalex.org/W4323825274","https://openalex.org/W2072181244","https://openalex.org/W2044778669","https://openalex.org/W6939203198","https://openalex.org/W1541786740","https://openalex.org/W2995964974","https://openalex.org/W2162701447"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"prevalence":[1,52],"of":[2,53,78,83,102,111,123,136],"antibodies":[3],"to":[4,139],"human":[5,15],"immunodeficiency":[6],"virus":[7,13,18],"type":[8],"1":[9],"(HIV-1),":[10],"hepatitis":[11,22,97],"C":[12,113],"(HCV),":[14],"T":[16],"lymphotropic":[17],"I":[19],"(HTLV-I),":[20],"and":[21,44,65,70,94,128],"B":[23],"(HBV)":[24],"surface":[25],"antigen":[26],"(HBsAg)":[27],"was":[28,38,56],"determined":[29],"in":[30,76,115,126],"blood":[31,49,84,137,141],"donors":[32,85],"from":[33,86],"Ntcheu,":[34],"Malawi.":[35,116],"Each":[36],"donation":[37],"also":[39],"screened":[40],"for":[41,59,63,67,91,96,131],"HIV-1":[42,54,104],"RNA":[43],"HCV":[45],"RNA.":[46],"Among":[47],"159":[48],"donations,":[50],"the":[51,79,103,120,129],"infection":[55],"10.7%,":[57],"8.1%":[58],"HBV":[60],"carriage,":[61],"6.8%":[62],"anti-HCV,":[64],"2.5%":[66],"anti-HTLV-I.":[68],"HIV-1/HTLV-I":[69],"HIV-1/HCV":[71],"dual":[72],"infections":[73,93],"were":[74],"observed":[75],"1.2%":[77],"donations.":[80],"Consequently,":[81],"13%":[82],"Ntcheu":[87],"should":[88],"be":[89],"deferred":[90],"retroviral":[92],"15%":[95],"viral":[98,134],"infections.":[99],"Sequence":[100],"analyses":[101],"strains":[105],"revealed":[106],"a":[107,132],"relatively":[108],"homogeneous":[109],"circulation":[110],"subtype":[112],"viruses":[114,125],"These":[117],"findings":[118],"confirm":[119],"high":[121],"endemicity":[122],"blood-borne":[124],"Malawi":[127],"need":[130],"sensitive":[133],"screening":[135],"donations":[138],"improve":[140],"safety.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
