{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2088063590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","title":"Effects of ambient temperature on the capacity to perform prolonged cycle exercise in man","display_name":"Effects of ambient temperature on the capacity to perform prolonged cycle exercise in man","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2088063590","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","mag":"2088063590","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9309637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024019798","display_name":"Stuart D. R. Galloway","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1622-3044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1622-3044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195460627","display_name":"University of Aberdeen","ror":"https://ror.org/016476m91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"STUART D. R. GALLOWAY","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University Medical School Aberdeen, Scotland","Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University Medical School Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, SCOTLAND","Dr. R. J. Maughan, Department of Environmental& Occupational Medicine, University Medical School, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland","Submitted for publication March 1996"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University Medical School Aberdeen, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University Medical School Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, SCOTLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. R. J. Maughan, Department of Environmental& Occupational Medicine, University Medical School, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication March 1996","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110009237","display_name":"Ronald John Maughan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7642-354X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7642-354X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195460627","display_name":"University of Aberdeen","ror":"https://ror.org/016476m91","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"RONALD J. MAUGHAN","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University Medical School Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, SCOTLAND","Dr. R. J. Maughan, Department of Environmental& Occupational Medicine, University Medical School, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland","Submitted for publication March 1996"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, University Medical School Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, SCOTLAND","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dr. R. J. Maughan, Department of Environmental& Occupational Medicine, University Medical School, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Submitted for publication March 1996","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110009237"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195460627"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.824,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":717,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95780511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"9","first_page":"1240","last_page":"1249"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11109","display_name":"Thermoregulation and physiological responses","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11109","display_name":"Thermoregulation and physiological responses","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11209","display_name":"Cardiovascular and exercise physiology","score":0.0026000000070780516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambient-temperature","display_name":"ambient temperature","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-stress","display_name":"heat stress","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cold-exposure","display_name":"cold exposure","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-exhaustion","display_name":"time to exhaustion","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exercise-capacity","display_name":"exercise capacity","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-oxidation","display_name":"fuel oxidation","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heart-rate","display_name":"heart rate","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-temperature","display_name":"skin temperature","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rectal-temperature","display_name":"rectal temperature","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sweat-rate","display_name":"sweat rate","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rating-of-perceived-exertion","display_name":"rating of perceived exertion","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverted-u-shaped-relationship","display_name":"inverted U-shaped relationship","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blood-metabolites","display_name":"blood metabolites","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-electrolytes","display_name":"serum electrolytes","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osmolality","display_name":"osmolality","score":0.8059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.7182436585426331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780959883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111146","display_name":"Hematocrit","level":2,"score":0.6982026100158691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.5637645125389099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196310339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60354","display_name":"VO2 max","level":4,"score":0.5545613765716553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100564792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190259","display_name":"Thermoregulation","level":2,"score":0.5342369079589844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5258890986442566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.5072781443595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019193636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q158716","display_name":"Rectal temperature","level":2,"score":0.49386268854141235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158960510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180600","display_name":"Relative humidity","level":2,"score":0.4883434474468231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.4295095205307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.361314594745636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.2629869282245636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10188296437263489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.07805019617080688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001831","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001833","descriptor_name":"Body Temperature Regulation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004734","descriptor_name":"Energy Metabolism","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005080","descriptor_name":"Exercise Test","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005221","descriptor_name":"Fatigue","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010807","descriptor_name":"Physical Endurance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199709000-00018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S14544163","display_name":"Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise","issn_l":"0195-9131","issn":["0195-9131","1530-0315"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9309637","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9309637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Medicine and science in sports and exercise","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.stir.ac.uk:1893/21483","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/21483/1/SD%20Galloway_Medicine%20%20Science%20in%20Sports%20%20Exercise_%201997.pdf","pdf_url":"http://dspace.stir.ac.uk/bitstream/1893/21483/1/SD%20Galloway_Medicine%20%20Science%20in%20Sports%20%20Exercise_%201997.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400268","display_name":"Stirling Online Research Repository (University of Stirling)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12093191","host_organization_name":"University of Stirling","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12093191"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48011090","https://openalex.org/W78247389","https://openalex.org/W1522916794","https://openalex.org/W1596457316","https://openalex.org/W1837083581","https://openalex.org/W1838918796","https://openalex.org/W1943965906","https://openalex.org/W1947631507","https://openalex.org/W1949909771","https://openalex.org/W1974860317","https://openalex.org/W1981696397","https://openalex.org/W1989196335","https://openalex.org/W1997774174","https://openalex.org/W2004008756","https://openalex.org/W2007508296","https://openalex.org/W2019568786","https://openalex.org/W2025997751","https://openalex.org/W2040452336","https://openalex.org/W2047381197","https://openalex.org/W2069763517","https://openalex.org/W2086662990","https://openalex.org/W2124207320","https://openalex.org/W2158178274","https://openalex.org/W2158859101","https://openalex.org/W2160425128","https://openalex.org/W2163162924","https://openalex.org/W2163538775","https://openalex.org/W2181181082","https://openalex.org/W2276161754","https://openalex.org/W2284726988","https://openalex.org/W2408983378","https://openalex.org/W4235412292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2124904128","https://openalex.org/W2000154450","https://openalex.org/W2013953480","https://openalex.org/W1997262320","https://openalex.org/W2038728378","https://openalex.org/W2012926499","https://openalex.org/W6923649554","https://openalex.org/W2469808460","https://openalex.org/W2045966572","https://openalex.org/W2044238458"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Eight":[0],"healthy":[1],"males":[2],"performed":[3],"four":[4],"rides":[5],"to":[6,115,130,199],"exhaustion":[7,89,131],"at":[8,21,72,77,88,144,154],"approximately":[9,55],"70%":[10],"of":[11,25,46,54,92,108,118,122,164,192],"their":[12],"VO2max":[13],"obtained":[14],"in":[15],"a":[16,43,189],"neutral":[17],"environment.":[18],"Subjects":[19],"cycled":[20],"ambient":[22],"temperatures":[23],"(Ta)":[24],"3.6":[26],"+/-":[27,31,34,38,48,149,159],"0.3":[28],"(SD),":[29],"10.5":[30,155],"0.5,":[32],"20.6":[33],"0.2,":[35],"and":[36,50,66,76,84,87,97,100,110,152,181],"30.5":[37,145],"0.2":[39],"degrees":[40,146,156],"C":[41,147,157],"with":[42],"relative":[44],"humidity":[45],"70":[47],"2%":[49],"an":[51,201],"air":[52,103],"velocity":[53],"0.7":[56],"m.s-1.":[57],"Weighted":[58],"mean":[59],"skin":[60],"temperature":[61,64,193],"(Tsk),":[62],"rectal":[63],"(Tre),":[65],"heart":[67],"rate":[68],"(HR)":[69],"were":[70,81,113,126,166],"recorded":[71],"rest,":[73],"during":[74,85],"exercise":[75,86,140,195],"exhaustion.":[78],"Venous":[79],"samples":[80],"drawn":[82],"before":[83],"for":[90,106],"determination":[91],"hemoglobin,":[93],"hematocrit,":[94],"blood":[95],"metabolites,":[96],"serum":[98],"electrolytes":[99],"osmolality.":[101],"Expired":[102],"was":[104,132,142],"collected":[105],"calculation":[107],"VO2":[109],"R":[111],"which":[112,197],"used":[114],"estimate":[116],"rates":[117],"fuel":[119,174],"oxidation.":[120],"Ratings":[121],"perceived":[123],"exertion":[124],"(RPE)":[125],"also":[127,167],"obtained.":[128],"Time":[129],"significantly":[133],"influenced":[134],"by":[135],"Ta":[136,165],"(P":[137],"=":[138],"0.001):":[139],"duration":[141],"shortest":[143],"(51.6":[148],"3.7":[150],"min)":[151],"longest":[153],"(93.5":[158],"6.2":[160],"min).":[161],"Significant":[162],"effects":[163],"observed":[168],"on":[169,194],"VE,":[170],"VO2,":[171],"R,":[172],"estimated":[173],"oxidation,":[175],"HR,":[176],"Tre,":[177],"Tsk,":[178],"sweat":[179],"rate,":[180],"RPE.":[182],"This":[183],"study":[184],"demonstrates":[185],"that":[186],"there":[187],"is":[188],"clear":[190],"effect":[191],"capacity":[196],"appears":[198],"follow":[200],"inverted":[202],"U":[203],"relationship.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":34},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":27}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}