{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2087545154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","title":"Nicotine usage is associated with elevated processing speed, spatial working memory, and visual learning performance in youth at ultrahigh-risk for psychosis","display_name":"Nicotine usage is associated with elevated processing speed, spatial working memory, and visual learning performance in youth at ultrahigh-risk for psychosis","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2087545154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","mag":"2087545154","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25190344","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4252748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84074229","display_name":"Psychiatry Research","issn_l":"0165-1781","issn":["0165-1781","1872-7123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4252748","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008492723","display_name":"Tina Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0160-3201","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0160-3201"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802236040","display_name":"University of Colorado System","ror":"https://ror.org/00jc20583","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tina Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States. Electronic address: tina.gupta@colorado.edu","Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States. Electronic address: tina.gupta@colorado.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802236040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088254667","display_name":"Vijay Anand Mittal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-5119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9017-5119"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vijay A. Mittal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States","Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States","Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States; Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1905 Colorado Avenue, CB 345 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008492723"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660","https://openalex.org/I2802236040"],"apc_list":{"value":4230,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4230},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5089,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69316271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"220","issue":"1-2","first_page":"687","last_page":"690"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.8593999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10023","display_name":"Schizophrenia research and treatment","score":0.8593999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10060","display_name":"Smoking Behavior and Cessation","score":0.12210000306367874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11818","display_name":"Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotine","display_name":"nicotine","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth","display_name":"youth","score":0.675000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processing-speed","display_name":"processing speed","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-working-memory","display_name":"spatial working memory","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-learning","display_name":"visual learning","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-performance","display_name":"cognitive performance","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schizophrenia-risk","display_name":"schizophrenia risk","score":0.6060000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779547902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28086552","display_name":"Nicotine","level":2,"score":0.7103087306022644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.7053057551383972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779727114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170082","display_name":"Psychosis","level":2,"score":0.651418924331665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776412080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7431605","display_name":"Schizophrenia (object-oriented programming)","level":2,"score":0.6131173372268677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.5063632726669312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.48923683166503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.46095162630081177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185711340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5347381","display_name":"Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance","level":3,"score":0.4406786859035492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.4292396306991577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167699689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1521337","display_name":"Naturalistic observation","level":2,"score":0.4214520752429962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.4037656784057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39736825227737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008570","descriptor_name":"Memory, Short-Term","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009538","descriptor_name":"Nicotine","qualifier_ui":"Q000008","qualifier_name":"administration & dosage","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011618","descriptor_name":"Psychotic Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012306","descriptor_name":"Risk","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012559","descriptor_name":"Schizophrenia","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D065852","descriptor_name":"Spatial Memory","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D065853","descriptor_name":"Spatial Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.07.085","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84074229","display_name":"Psychiatry Research","issn_l":"0165-1781","issn":["0165-1781","1872-7123"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:25190344","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25190344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry research","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4252748","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4252748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry Res","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4252748","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4252748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Psychiatry Res","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9907000064849854}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2959569525","display_name":"Frontal-Subcortical Development, Movement Abnormalities, and Risk for Psychosis","funder_award_id":"R01MH094650","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W589271961","https://openalex.org/W1511087452","https://openalex.org/W1579594476","https://openalex.org/W1965198880","https://openalex.org/W1972890155","https://openalex.org/W1980359335","https://openalex.org/W1983182638","https://openalex.org/W1990043440","https://openalex.org/W1991374521","https://openalex.org/W1995023230","https://openalex.org/W2012564634","https://openalex.org/W2019351781","https://openalex.org/W2020714242","https://openalex.org/W2025008532","https://openalex.org/W2031009308","https://openalex.org/W2037830024","https://openalex.org/W2057196462","https://openalex.org/W2060287284","https://openalex.org/W2081930037","https://openalex.org/W2083232823","https://openalex.org/W2086673700","https://openalex.org/W2090019512","https://openalex.org/W2115323579","https://openalex.org/W2120431726","https://openalex.org/W2122636740","https://openalex.org/W2124517301","https://openalex.org/W2127781009","https://openalex.org/W2140824803","https://openalex.org/W2149445681","https://openalex.org/W2149592078","https://openalex.org/W2155797616","https://openalex.org/W2166025578"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3199016839","https://openalex.org/W7172017043","https://openalex.org/W2318155753","https://openalex.org/W2605410564","https://openalex.org/W2011730152","https://openalex.org/W2518806947","https://openalex.org/W2329332064","https://openalex.org/W2172201169","https://openalex.org/W2460038048","https://openalex.org/W1978252852"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
