{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086799994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2322","title":"Heritability in the genomics era \u2014 concepts and misconceptions","display_name":"Heritability in the genomics era \u2014 concepts and misconceptions","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-03-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086799994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2322","mag":"2086799994","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18319743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/nrg2322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8553189","display_name":"Nature Reviews Genetics","issn_l":"1471-0056","issn":["1471-0056","1471-0064"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Reviews Genetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020502354","display_name":"Peter M. Visscher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2143-8760","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2143-8760"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I217937681","display_name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/004y8wk30","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I217937681"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799393793","display_name":"Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05p52kj31","country_code":"AU","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302211766","https://openalex.org/I2799393793","https://openalex.org/I2801244131"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter M. Visscher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia. Peter.Visscher@qimr.edu.au","Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane 4029, Queensland, Australia. Peter.Visscher@qimr.edu.au","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217937681","https://openalex.org/I2799393793"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217937681"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021695947","display_name":"William George Hill","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9972-7140","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9972-7140"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William G. Hill","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK","Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JT, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064741640","display_name":"Naomi R. Wray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-3357","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-3357"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I217937681","display_name":"QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/004y8wk30","country_code":"AU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I217937681"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naomi R. Wray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane, 4029, Queensland, Australia","Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane, 4029, Queensland, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217937681"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Royal Brisbane Hospital Post Office, Brisbane, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217937681"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020502354"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I217937681","https://openalex.org/I2799393793"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1679,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2011,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98388541,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"4","first_page":"255","last_page":"266"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.9077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10594","display_name":"Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock","score":0.9077000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10261","display_name":"Genetic Associations and Epidemiology","score":0.060499999672174454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11468","display_name":"Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritability","display_name":"heritability","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-environment-interaction","display_name":"gene-environment interaction","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-variation","display_name":"genetic variation","score":0.4449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritability-of-gene-expression","display_name":"heritability of gene expression","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heritability-estimation","display_name":"heritability estimation","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/response-to-selection","display_name":"selection response","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-risk-prediction","display_name":"disease risk prediction","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sewall-wright","display_name":"Sewall Wright","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ronald-fisher","display_name":"Ronald Fisher","score":0.9800000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161890455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503548","display_name":"Heritability","level":2,"score":0.9313974380493164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7263611555099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144621757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3083720","display_name":"Missing heritability problem","level":5,"score":0.6977478861808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189206191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222046","display_name":"Genomics","level":4,"score":0.5834910273551941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4644579589366913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.44322454929351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4302051067352295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779040068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7229807","display_name":"Population genomics","level":5,"score":0.4135104715824127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.4039629101753235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2548176348209381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.18544188141822815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.18273720145225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.12696623802185059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993967602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532932","display_name":"Genetic variants","level":4,"score":0.09773167967796326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135763542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106016","display_name":"Genotype","level":3,"score":0.08152449131011963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007178","descriptor_name":"Inbreeding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008957","descriptor_name":"Models, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010641","descriptor_name":"Phenotype","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012044","descriptor_name":"Regression Analysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012641","descriptor_name":"Selection, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015870","descriptor_name":"Gene Expression","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016014","descriptor_name":"Linear Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019655","descriptor_name":"Quantitative Trait, Heritable","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D023281","descriptor_name":"Genomics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/nrg2322","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S8553189","display_name":"Nature Reviews Genetics","issn_l":"1471-0056","issn":["1471-0056","1471-0064"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Reviews Genetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18319743","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18319743","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature reviews. Genetics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334705","display_name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/011kf5r70"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":118,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W25269472","https://openalex.org/W35493977","https://openalex.org/W69501525","https://openalex.org/W120671380","https://openalex.org/W1549738127","https://openalex.org/W1562470511","https://openalex.org/W1577941315","https://openalex.org/W1627711548","https://openalex.org/W1783276935","https://openalex.org/W1816362081","https://openalex.org/W1925403567","https://openalex.org/W1965190303","https://openalex.org/W1968060428","https://openalex.org/W1971173307","https://openalex.org/W1971887072","https://openalex.org/W1972340868","https://openalex.org/W1973034871","https://openalex.org/W1980764229","https://openalex.org/W1983869540","https://openalex.org/W1984721444","https://openalex.org/W1985756920","https://openalex.org/W1985906048","https://openalex.org/W1987155068","https://openalex.org/W1990608765","https://openalex.org/W1994352473","https://openalex.org/W1995797925","https://openalex.org/W1996037790","https://openalex.org/W1997887791","https://openalex.org/W2000084758","https://openalex.org/W2004646826","https://openalex.org/W2004778468","https://openalex.org/W2005906308","https://openalex.org/W2006666561","https://openalex.org/W2006875943","https://openalex.org/W2008599922","https://openalex.org/W2009825380","https://openalex.org/W2009857485","https://openalex.org/W2014016445","https://openalex.org/W2015780599","https://openalex.org/W2017855138","https://openalex.org/W2019532530","https://openalex.org/W2021551171","https://openalex.org/W2026976170","https://openalex.org/W2027861838","https://openalex.org/W2033373879","https://openalex.org/W2034631710","https://openalex.org/W2037312177","https://openalex.org/W2040516688","https://openalex.org/W2040912377","https://openalex.org/W2042734169","https://openalex.org/W2044949801","https://openalex.org/W2045473304","https://openalex.org/W2045694926","https://openalex.org/W2046141452","https://openalex.org/W2048011602","https://openalex.org/W2058830308","https://openalex.org/W2061325350","https://openalex.org/W2062971835","https://openalex.org/W2063679076","https://openalex.org/W2064221624","https://openalex.org/W2070015764","https://openalex.org/W2072214908","https://openalex.org/W2073035337","https://openalex.org/W2073537393","https://openalex.org/W2076712945","https://openalex.org/W2078619165","https://openalex.org/W2092516228","https://openalex.org/W2092778414","https://openalex.org/W2094248448","https://openalex.org/W2095939293","https://openalex.org/W2101006440","https://openalex.org/W2105306382","https://openalex.org/W2105331077","https://openalex.org/W2106070528","https://openalex.org/W2106915081","https://openalex.org/W2110374963","https://openalex.org/W2112993794","https://openalex.org/W2115335486","https://openalex.org/W2117851139","https://openalex.org/W2118216748","https://openalex.org/W2118308505","https://openalex.org/W2125428236","https://openalex.org/W2126628144","https://openalex.org/W2127801899","https://openalex.org/W2128848163","https://openalex.org/W2128989800","https://openalex.org/W2130182065","https://openalex.org/W2131039284","https://openalex.org/W2132139555","https://openalex.org/W2132504555","https://openalex.org/W2137584163","https://openalex.org/W2140660757","https://openalex.org/W2141088880","https://openalex.org/W2148044530","https://openalex.org/W2148860875","https://openalex.org/W2152542259","https://openalex.org/W2159683823","https://openalex.org/W2159898005","https://openalex.org/W2162196924","https://openalex.org/W2165792590","https://openalex.org/W2168144246","https://openalex.org/W2168585428","https://openalex.org/W2170917431","https://openalex.org/W2172915511","https://openalex.org/W2271902495","https://openalex.org/W2303043072","https://openalex.org/W2320857116","https://openalex.org/W2322715144","https://openalex.org/W2324251274","https://openalex.org/W2324380383","https://openalex.org/W2327195044","https://openalex.org/W2328517361","https://openalex.org/W2335268614","https://openalex.org/W2335521051","https://openalex.org/W2547027482","https://openalex.org/W2571512673","https://openalex.org/W2586312714","https://openalex.org/W2991953234"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4401824503","https://openalex.org/W4415784879","https://openalex.org/W7097538916","https://openalex.org/W4383170093","https://openalex.org/W2513121659","https://openalex.org/W2040924786","https://openalex.org/W2013274313","https://openalex.org/W7100546107","https://openalex.org/W2561598614","https://openalex.org/W2509341800"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":96},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":114},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":93},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":126},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":135},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":139},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":146},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":136},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":132},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":118},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":118},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":115},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":127},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":120},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":110}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}