{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086680882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6151","title":"A mixture of transition models for heterogeneous longitudinal ordinal data: with applications to longitudinal bacterial vaginosis data","display_name":"A mixture of transition models for heterogeneous longitudinal ordinal data: with applications to longitudinal bacterial vaginosis data","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086680882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6151","mag":"2086680882","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24676689","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4191924"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/sim.6151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55189604","display_name":"Statistics in Medicine","issn_l":"0277-6715","issn":["0277-6715","1097-0258"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4191924","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004928964","display_name":"Kyeongmi Cheon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1357-0371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1357-0371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285764155","display_name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02891sr49","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyeongmi Cheon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biometrics Research, Merck, West Point, PA 19486, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometrics Research, Merck, West Point, PA 19486, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285764155"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063176174","display_name":"Marie E. Thoma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9267-4384","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9267-4384"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144228","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie E. Thoma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074496496","display_name":"Xiangrong Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-983X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-983X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangrong Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21205 U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039237147","display_name":"Paul S. Albert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-1068","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1658-1068"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144228","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul\u2009S. Albert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health Rockville MD 20852 U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health Rockville MD 20852 U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039237147"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210144228"],"apc_list":{"value":5450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66392864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"18","first_page":"3204","last_page":"3213"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.5781000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10243","display_name":"Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference","score":0.5781000256538391,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11901","display_name":"Bayesian Methods and Mixture Models","score":0.39010000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13500","display_name":"Probability and Statistical Research","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixture-models","display_name":"mixture models","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-transition-model","display_name":"Markov transition model","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longitudinal-ordinal-data","display_name":"longitudinal ordinal data","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-subtypes","display_name":"disease subtypes","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgroup-heterogeneity","display_name":"subgroup heterogeneity","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-vaginosis","display_name":"bacterial vaginosis","score":0.9860000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.8847050666809082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.6599798202514648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.593347430229187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.5714459419250488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779952448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804521","display_name":"Bacterial vaginosis","level":2,"score":0.5316612720489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4655129909515381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.462340772151947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85461838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100785","display_name":"Ordinal data","level":2,"score":0.43123796582221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98763669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov chain","level":2,"score":0.412495493888855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.41118547320365906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32195842266082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25291669368743896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.15842631459236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003198","descriptor_name":"Computer Simulation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008137","descriptor_name":"Longitudinal Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016013","descriptor_name":"Likelihood Functions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016585","descriptor_name":"Vaginosis, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016585","descriptor_name":"Vaginosis, Bacterial","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D056808","descriptor_name":"Biostatistics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D064307","descriptor_name":"Microbiota","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/sim.6151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6151","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6151","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55189604","display_name":"Statistics in Medicine","issn_l":"0277-6715","issn":["0277-6715","1097-0258"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24676689","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24676689","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4191924","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4191924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Stat Med","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4191924","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4191924","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Stat Med","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4081310219","display_name":"BV ETIOLOGY, NATURAL HISTORY, AND SEXUAL TRANSMISSION","funder_award_id":"R01AI047608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4438093022","display_name":"Statistical Methods for Analyzing Repeated Measures Data","funder_award_id":"ZIAHD008877","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337373","display_name":"Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jh5a977"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W201521870","https://openalex.org/W214995755","https://openalex.org/W1868667984","https://openalex.org/W1969134349","https://openalex.org/W1969162452","https://openalex.org/W1984224689","https://openalex.org/W1986940747","https://openalex.org/W2004684513","https://openalex.org/W2021267729","https://openalex.org/W2024782683","https://openalex.org/W2064644892","https://openalex.org/W2083974925","https://openalex.org/W2098906202","https://openalex.org/W2107480868","https://openalex.org/W2108487398","https://openalex.org/W2113551138","https://openalex.org/W2125252492","https://openalex.org/W2131217668","https://openalex.org/W2136283380","https://openalex.org/W2136303292","https://openalex.org/W2139718926","https://openalex.org/W2159466587","https://openalex.org/W2170665356","https://openalex.org/W2312741194","https://openalex.org/W2314649846","https://openalex.org/W2327907241","https://openalex.org/W2331453481","https://openalex.org/W2523480298","https://openalex.org/W3106889297"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2566489592","https://openalex.org/W2146866595","https://openalex.org/W2727346766","https://openalex.org/W2885587354","https://openalex.org/W7096188660","https://openalex.org/W2523440225","https://openalex.org/W2086696611","https://openalex.org/W7096984285","https://openalex.org/W7095441131","https://openalex.org/W2008476530"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Markov":[0],"models":[1,156],"used":[2],"to":[3,77,114],"analyze":[4],"transition":[5,23,41,55,111,135,151,160],"patterns":[6,42,112],"in":[7,30,53],"discrete":[8],"longitudinal":[9,78],"data":[10,82,90],"are":[11],"based":[12],"on":[13,133,139,147],"the":[14,20,54,75,86,89,97,104,117],"limiting":[15],"assumption":[16],"that":[17,85,95],"individuals":[18],"follow":[19],"common":[21],"underlying":[22],"process.":[24],"However,":[25],"when":[26],"one":[27],"is":[28],"interested":[29],"diseases":[31],"with":[32,157],"different":[33,71],"disease":[34],"or":[35],"severity":[36],"subtypes,":[37],"explicitly":[38],"modeling":[39],"subpopulation-specific":[40,134,159],"may":[43],"be":[44,143],"appropriate.":[45],"We":[46,73,153],"propose":[47],"a":[48,58,65,125],"model":[49,61,87,99],"which":[50,123],"captures":[51],"heterogeneity":[52],"process":[56],"through":[57],"finite":[59],"mixture":[60,98],"formulation":[62],"and":[63,83,119,137,149],"provides":[64],"framework":[66],"for":[67],"identifying":[68],"subpopulations":[69,118],"at":[70],"risks.":[72],"apply":[74],"procedure":[76],"bacterial":[79],"vaginosis":[80],"study":[81],"demonstrate":[84],"fits":[88],"well.":[91],"Further,":[92],"we":[93,101],"show":[94],"under":[96],"formulation,":[100],"can":[102,142],"make":[103],"important":[105],"distinction":[106],"between":[107],"how":[108,120],"covariates":[109],"affect":[110,122],"unique":[113],"each":[115],"of":[116],"they":[121],"subgroup":[124],"participant":[126],"will":[127],"belong":[128],"to.":[129],"Practically,":[130],"covariate":[131],"effects":[132,146],"behavior":[136],"those":[138],"subpopulation":[140],"membership":[141],"interpreted":[144],"as":[145],"short-term":[148],"long-term":[150],"behavior.":[152],"further":[154],"investigate":[155],"higher-order":[158],"dependence.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}