{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086454535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1597/12-104","title":"Maternal Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Risk of Oral Cleft-Affected Pregnancies","display_name":"Maternal Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Risk of Oral Cleft-Affected Pregnancies","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086454535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1597/12-104","mag":"2086454535","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23136939","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4096036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1597/12-104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1597/12-104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1597/12-104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159788776","display_name":"The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal","issn_l":"1055-6656","issn":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4096036","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005400915","display_name":"Peter H. Langlois","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-4963","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6765-4963"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343568078","display_name":"Texas Department of State Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/022zknp80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343568078"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter H. Langlois","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343568078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000707437","display_name":"Adrienne T. Hoyt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1605-9536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1605-9536"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343568078","display_name":"Texas Department of State Health Services","ror":"https://ror.org/022zknp80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343568078"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrienne T. Hoyt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, Birth Defects Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343568078"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066345693","display_name":"Philip J. Lupo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-5863","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-5863"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181547552","display_name":"Baylor College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/02pttbw34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181547552","https://openalex.org/I2801539370"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip J. Lupo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181547552"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047718263","display_name":"Christina C. Lawson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-3921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3401-3921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198423848","display_name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0502a2655","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I198423848"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christina C. Lawson","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I198423848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050775093","display_name":"Martha A. Waters","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9100-2305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9100-2305"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289490764","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198423848","display_name":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health","ror":"https://ror.org/0502a2655","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I198423848"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martha A. Waters","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289490764","https://openalex.org/I198423848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042441824","display_name":"Tania A. Desrosiers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1600-3700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1600-3700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tania A. Desrosiers","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033044395","display_name":"Gary M. Shaw","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-4914","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7438-4914"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137306","display_name":"Stanford Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/03mtd9a03","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary M. Shaw","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137306","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049663022","display_name":"Paul A. Romitti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-9984","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5393-9984"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul A. Romitti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Epidemiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Epidemiology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109872516","display_name":"Edward J. Lammer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edward J. Lammer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Children's Hospital, Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Children's Hospital, Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005400915"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343568078"],"apc_list":{"value":4150,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4150},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2385,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85892283,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"3","first_page":"337","last_page":"346"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11374","display_name":"Cleft Lip and Palate Research","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10122","display_name":"Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact","score":0.006899999920278788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11452","display_name":"Oral Health Pathology and Treatment","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3500","display_name":"General Dentistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polycyclic-aromatic-hydrocarbons","display_name":"polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-occupational-exposure","display_name":"maternal occupational exposure","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orofacial-clefts","display_name":"orofacial clefts","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cleft-lip-with-or-without-cleft-palate","display_name":"cleft lip with or without cleft palate","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cleft-palate","display_name":"cleft palate","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congenital-malformations","display_name":"congenital malformations","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prenatal-exposure","display_name":"prenatal exposure","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exposure-response-relationship","display_name":"exposure-response relationship","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-birth-defects-prevention-study","display_name":"National Birth Defects Prevention Study","score":0.8050000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.874237060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7810737490653992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.7255897521972656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112672928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q239526","display_name":"Offspring","level":3,"score":0.5598694086074829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146304588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961652","display_name":"Case-control study","level":2,"score":0.5372417569160461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779234561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11995","display_name":"Pregnancy","level":2,"score":0.5227066278457642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48856672644615173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.43725764751434326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131872663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5284418","display_name":"Obstetrics","level":1,"score":0.4244909882545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.42246556282043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.23144099116325378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.15988671779632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0649007260799408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.054760366678237915}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002972","descriptor_name":"Cleft Palate","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011084","descriptor_name":"Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016022","descriptor_name":"Case-Control Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016273","descriptor_name":"Occupational Exposure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018811","descriptor_name":"Maternal Exposure","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1597/12-104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1597/12-104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1597/12-104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S159788776","display_name":"The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal","issn_l":"1055-6656","issn":["1055-6656","1545-1569"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23136939","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23136939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4096036","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4096036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:cdr.lib.unc.edu:2801pq597","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/52e3-2558","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/52e3-2558","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401075","display_name":"Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 50(3)","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.17615/52e3-2558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17615/52e3-2558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17615/52e3-2558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051488","display_name":"UNC Libraries","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4096036","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4096036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434871884","display_name":"TEXAS CENTER FOR BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH AND PREVENTION","funder_award_id":"U01DD000494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","funder_display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5024818335","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L40 DE023736","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6727925163","display_name":"Air Toxics, Neighborhood Environment and Risk of Oral Clefts","funder_award_id":"R03DE021739","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000339672","display_name":"Environmental Health Sciences Research Center","funder_award_id":"P30ES005605","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337365","display_name":"National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research","ror":"https://ror.org/004a2wv92"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337419","display_name":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","ror":"https://ror.org/0045x2741"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2086454535.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2086454535.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W205015529","https://openalex.org/W628792916","https://openalex.org/W1513257145","https://openalex.org/W1519298654","https://openalex.org/W1728256452","https://openalex.org/W1970138332","https://openalex.org/W1974725210","https://openalex.org/W1977048064","https://openalex.org/W1977071831","https://openalex.org/W1982286202","https://openalex.org/W1982472025","https://openalex.org/W1983168737","https://openalex.org/W1989770479","https://openalex.org/W1995370444","https://openalex.org/W2001271283","https://openalex.org/W2004224983","https://openalex.org/W2005426927","https://openalex.org/W2009985470","https://openalex.org/W2015620373","https://openalex.org/W2018011525","https://openalex.org/W2022004020","https://openalex.org/W2025727364","https://openalex.org/W2029225755","https://openalex.org/W2041510971","https://openalex.org/W2045306023","https://openalex.org/W2046487660","https://openalex.org/W2048005096","https://openalex.org/W2052712925","https://openalex.org/W2056299171","https://openalex.org/W2058965837","https://openalex.org/W2062467703","https://openalex.org/W2075272540","https://openalex.org/W2082071490","https://openalex.org/W2087802114","https://openalex.org/W2095255382","https://openalex.org/W2103044944","https://openalex.org/W2107477277","https://openalex.org/W2107493520","https://openalex.org/W2114623402","https://openalex.org/W2125587762","https://openalex.org/W2126127894","https://openalex.org/W2134838541","https://openalex.org/W2136243502","https://openalex.org/W2149033272","https://openalex.org/W2154762629","https://openalex.org/W2156113305","https://openalex.org/W2159499636","https://openalex.org/W2160153640","https://openalex.org/W2166412411","https://openalex.org/W2166452308","https://openalex.org/W2173281854","https://openalex.org/W2175111411","https://openalex.org/W2185253654","https://openalex.org/W2194071688","https://openalex.org/W2274044163","https://openalex.org/W2315775430","https://openalex.org/W2335313626","https://openalex.org/W4211241075","https://openalex.org/W4233906280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285412632","https://openalex.org/W3017121100","https://openalex.org/W2050328436","https://openalex.org/W2101886298","https://openalex.org/W2737869973","https://openalex.org/W3000106017","https://openalex.org/W2942473873","https://openalex.org/W2335029842","https://openalex.org/W2023549986","https://openalex.org/W1545722552"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"evaluate":[2],"whether":[3],"there":[4],"is":[5,22],"an":[6],"association":[7],"between":[8],"maternal":[9,173,223],"occupational":[10,89,174,256],"exposure":[11,90,116,175,257],"to":[12,47,91,111,176,207,218,258],"polycyclic":[13,28,92,177,259],"aromatic":[14,29,93,178,260],"hydrocarbons":[15,30,179,261],"and":[16,31,122,138,161],"oral":[17],"clefts":[18,32],"in":[19,61,75,275],"offspring.":[20,276],"This":[21],"the":[23,35,50,62,76,209],"first":[24],"human":[25],"study":[26,60],"of":[27,33,151,164,172,267],"which":[34],"authors":[36],"are":[37],"aware.":[38],"DESIGN:":[39],"Case-control":[40],"study.":[41],"SETTING,":[42],"PARTICIPANTS:":[43],"Data":[44],"for":[45,130,187,222,233,246],"1997":[46],"2002":[48],"from":[49],"National":[51],"Birth":[52],"Defects":[53],"Prevention":[54],"Study,":[55],"a":[56,107,227],"large":[57],"population-based":[58],"case-control":[59],"United":[63],"States,":[64],"were":[65,104,144,250],"analyzed.":[66],"Maternal":[67,255],"telephone":[68],"interviews":[69],"yielded":[70],"information":[71],"on":[72,114],"jobs":[73,96],"held":[74],"month":[77],"before":[78],"through":[79],"3":[80],"months":[81],"after":[82],"conception.":[83],"Two":[84],"industrial":[85,109],"hygienists":[86],"independently":[87],"assessed":[88],"hydrocarbons;":[94],"all":[95,115],"rated":[97],"as":[98,196],"exposed":[99],"or":[100,134,155,191,237,271],"with":[101,106,126,133,154,190,198,236,264,270],"rating":[102],"difficulty":[103],"reviewed":[105],"third":[108],"hygienist":[110],"reach":[112],"consensus":[113],"parameters.":[117],"Logistic":[118],"regression":[119],"estimated":[120],"crude":[121],"adjusted":[123,221,230],"odds":[124,171,210],"ratios":[125,245],"95%":[127,203],"confidence":[128,204,215],"intervals":[129],"cleft":[131,136,139,152,157,165,188,193,234,239,247,268,273],"lip":[132,153,189,235,269],"without":[135,156,192,238,272],"palate":[137,140,158,166,194,240,248,274],"alone.":[141],"RESULTS:":[142],"There":[143,225],"2989":[145],"controls":[146,199],"(3.5%":[147],"exposed),":[148,160],"805":[149],"cases":[150,163,195],"(5.8%":[159],"439":[162],"alone":[167,249],"(4.6%":[168],"exposed).":[169],"The":[170],"(any":[180],"versus":[181],"none)":[182],"during":[183],"pregnancy":[184],"was":[185,212,226,262],"increased":[186,265],"compared":[197],"(odds":[200],"ratio,":[201],"1.69;":[202],"interval,":[205],"1.18":[206],"2.40);":[208],"ratio":[211],"1.47":[213],"(95%":[214],"interval":[216],"1.02":[217],"2.12)":[219],"when":[220],"education.":[224],"statistically":[228,252],"significant":[229],"exposure-response":[231],"relationship":[232],"(Ptrend":[241],"=":[242],".02).":[243],"Odd":[244],"not":[251],"significant.":[253],"CONCLUSIONS:":[254],"associated":[263],"risk":[266]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}