{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086409495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/com.2013.0004","title":"The Theology of Painting: Picturing Philosophy in Vel\u00e1zquez's Las Meninas","display_name":"The Theology of Painting: Picturing Philosophy in Vel\u00e1zquez's Las Meninas","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086409495","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/com.2013.0004","mag":"2086409495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/com.2013.0004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/com.2013.0004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/com.2013.0004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164575829","display_name":"The Comparatist/Comparatist","issn_l":"0195-7678","issn":["0195-7678","1559-0887"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315743","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315743"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of North Carolina Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Comparatist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044601287","display_name":"Matthew Ancell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Ancell","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044601287"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":17.6451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98526218,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"1","first_page":"156","last_page":"168"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14191","display_name":"Historical Art and Architecture Studies","score":0.8970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1206","display_name":"Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14191","display_name":"Historical Art and Architecture Studies","score":0.8970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1206","display_name":"Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12632","display_name":"Visual Culture and Art Theory","score":0.08229999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11794","display_name":"Early Modern Spanish Literature","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/las-meninas","display_name":"Las Meninas","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diego-velazquez","display_name":"Diego Vel\u00e1zquez","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-theory","display_name":"art theory","score":0.32199999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relational-interpretation","display_name":"relational interpretation","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meaning-of-images","display_name":"meaning of images","score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-modern-art","display_name":"early modern art","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/religious-iconography","display_name":"religious iconography","score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanish-golden-age-painting","display_name":"Spanish Golden Age painting","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/svetlana-alpers","display_name":"Svetlana Alpers","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/michael-fried","display_name":"Michael Fried","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/james-elkins","display_name":"James Elkins","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jorge-j-e-gracia","display_name":"Jorge J. E. Gracia","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mieke-bal","display_name":"Mieke Bal","score":0.6420000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5929306149482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205783811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11629","display_name":"Painting","level":2,"score":0.5778578519821167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5531231760978699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.49698594212532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.4486534297466278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34399555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190721","display_name":"Philosophy of history","level":2,"score":0.4381566047668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780437627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7782414","display_name":"Theory of art","level":2,"score":0.42040300369262695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.4190191328525543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.37213748693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3554757237434387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.3302496671676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.25932472944259644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/com.2013.0004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/com.2013.0004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/com.2013.0004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S164575829","display_name":"The Comparatist/Comparatist","issn_l":"0195-7678","issn":["0195-7678","1559-0887"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","jufo-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315743","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315743"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of North Carolina Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Comparatist","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:muse.jhu.edu:/article/506746","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://muse.jhu.edu/article/506746","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196299","display_name":"Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W367349832","https://openalex.org/W623304987","https://openalex.org/W648447172","https://openalex.org/W655662206","https://openalex.org/W657717216","https://openalex.org/W1487344780","https://openalex.org/W1550759578","https://openalex.org/W1553262104","https://openalex.org/W1581434259","https://openalex.org/W1700821823","https://openalex.org/W1966842961","https://openalex.org/W2020859749","https://openalex.org/W2030319648","https://openalex.org/W2048000044","https://openalex.org/W2059461557","https://openalex.org/W2119941884","https://openalex.org/W2150236865","https://openalex.org/W2321811796","https://openalex.org/W2332388673","https://openalex.org/W2333341118"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2898558895","https://openalex.org/W4391298452","https://openalex.org/W7043949393","https://openalex.org/W2331052599","https://openalex.org/W584020792","https://openalex.org/W7066983352","https://openalex.org/W1900602422","https://openalex.org/W1491256549","https://openalex.org/W605857282","https://openalex.org/W2354103818"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,282,437],"Theology":[1],"of":[2,88,143,188,260,264,317,335,362,423,473,529,542,561,567,617,623,644,682],"Painting:Picturing":[3],"Philosophy":[4],"in":[5,16,51,101,138,149,353,393,400,444,466,478,486,497,539,587,595,651],"Vel\u00e1zquez's":[6],"Las":[7,628,640],"Meninas":[8,629],"Matthew":[9],"Ancell":[10],"Theory":[11],"has":[12,37,59,218,646],"often":[13,295,322,417],"been":[14,60,647],"regarded":[15],"early":[17,33,55],"modern":[18,34,56],"studies":[19],"as":[20,41,170,176,203,206,238,249,297,300,402,404,455,471,535],"an":[21,29,189,336,363,663],"irresponsible":[22],"guest":[23],"at":[24,27,555,614,659],"best,":[25],"and,":[26],"worst,":[28],"unwelcome":[30],"intruder.":[31],"While":[32],"cultural":[35],"production":[36],"served":[38],"theorists":[39],"well":[40,403],"they":[42,320],"explore":[43],"their":[44,94,139,327,355],"own":[45],"projects,":[46],"theory":[47,91,119,528,534,671],"is":[48,120,152,268,357,415,448,518,570,576],"sometimes":[49],"ungrounded":[50],"historical":[52,140,173,380,484],"specificity.":[53],"Though":[54],"art":[57,102,155,172,223,229,379,468,551,668],"history":[58,103,110,156,224,230],"especially":[61],"resistant":[62],"to":[63,147,183,358,368,442,464,488,520,532,601,607,636],"theory,":[64,195,683],"strong":[65,98],"theoretical":[66,99,159,186,452],"voices":[67],"have":[68],"emerged,":[69],"including":[70],"Svetlana":[71],"Alpers,":[72],"Mieke":[73,545],"Bal,":[74],"Michael":[75],"Fried,":[76],"Hanneke":[77],"Grootenboer,":[78],"Maria":[79],"Loh,":[80],"Lyle":[81],"Massey,":[82],"and":[83,111,123,157,179,225,292,347,381,419,563,620,661,672,685],"Itay":[84],"Sapir.":[85],"Not":[86,578],"all":[87,272,556],"them":[89],"employ":[90],"explicitly,":[92],"but":[93,319,434,477,531,589,642],"approaches":[95,160,293],"indicate":[96],"a":[97,184,410,450,479,522,527,536],"subculture":[100],"that":[104,116,153,211,228,258,271,307,354,386,439,456,548],"successfully":[105],"navigates":[106],"the":[107,117,164,220,235,246,261,269,278,290,301,333,360,376,435,540,558,564,579,584,592,615,621,652,657,680],"terrain":[108],"between":[109,167,222,378],"theory.":[112],"These":[113],"critics":[114],"show":[115],"best":[118],"historically":[121],"grounded,":[122],"can":[124,388,669,678],"tell":[125],"us":[126,463],"much":[127,643],"about":[128,325,581,649],"how":[129,413,449],"works":[130],"are":[131,161,181,294,321,351,503,512],"inherently":[132],"theoretical,":[133],"philosophical,":[134],"theological,":[135],"or":[136,193,275,365,412,430,507,583,610],"theo-philosophical":[137],"context.":[141],"Part":[142],"what":[144,326,408,603,645],"I":[145,207,384,440,598],"hope":[146],"demonstrate":[148],"this":[150,445],"essay":[151],"traditional":[154,171,212],"more":[158,633],"complementary,":[162],"despite":[163],"obvious":[165],"antagonism":[166,377],"them.":[168],"Just":[169],"concerns":[174],"(such":[175,202],"provenance,":[177],"patronage,":[178],"influence)":[180],"essential":[182],"responsible":[185],"interpretation":[187,267,318],"image,":[190],"theory\u2014even":[191],"\"high\"":[192],"French":[194],"particularly":[196],"reviled":[197],"by":[198,458,612],"traditionalists\u2014can":[199],"illuminate":[200],"aspects":[201],"philosophical":[204,382],"ones,":[205],"will":[208],"argue":[209],"here)":[210],"methodologies":[213],"might":[214,461,605],"ignore.":[215],"James":[216],"Elkins":[217],"articulated":[219],"divide":[221],"aesthetics,":[226],"concluding":[227],"ultimately":[231],"does":[232,242],"not":[233,296,308,426,519],"ask":[234,602],"same":[236,247,279],"questions":[237,250,291],"aesthetics":[239],"does,":[240],"nor":[241],"it":[243,569,575,604,650,676],"even":[244,285],"see":[245],"issues":[248],"(48).":[251],"Similarly,":[252],"Jorge":[253],"J.":[254,493],"E.":[255],"Gracia":[256,305],"argues":[257,496],"\"[o]ne":[259],"greatest":[262],"sources":[263],"misunderstanding":[265],"concerning":[266],"belief":[270],"interpretations":[273,331,350],"have,":[274,277],"should":[276],"aim\"":[280],"(158).":[281],"problem":[283],"goes":[284],"further":[286],"than":[287],"that,":[288],"since":[289],"purely":[298],"parsed":[299],"different":[302],"disciplines":[303],"maintain.":[304],"explains":[306],"only":[309,313],"do":[310,425],"interpreters":[311],"rarely":[312],"pursue":[314],"one":[315,429],"kind":[316],"also":[323],"vague":[324],"aims":[328],"are.":[329],"Some":[330],"seek":[332],"\"meaning\"":[334],"object,":[337,364],"which":[338,467],"could":[339],"be":[340,637],"conceived":[341],"variously:":[342],"significance,":[343],"reference,":[344],"intention,":[345],"ideas,":[346],"use.":[348],"Other":[349],"\"relational\"":[352],"goal":[356,517],"understand":[359],"relation":[361,411,487],"its":[366,474,483],"meaning,":[367],"something":[369],"[End":[370],"Page":[371],"156]":[372],"else":[373],"(165).":[374],"In":[375],"interpretations,":[383],"maintain":[385],"we":[387],"find":[389],"some":[390],"common":[391],"ground":[392],"acknowledging":[394],"that:":[395],"(1)":[396],"both":[397],"camps":[398],"engage":[399],"relational":[401],"meaning":[405,414],"interpretations;":[406],"(2)":[407],"constitutes":[409],"defined":[416],"differ;":[418],"(3)":[420],"these":[421],"differences":[422],"approach":[424],"invalidate":[427],"each":[428],"make":[431],"combination":[432],"unproductive,":[433],"contrary.":[436],"question":[438],"wish":[441],"address":[443],"essay,":[446],"then,":[447],"philosophically-driven,":[451],"methodology,":[453],"such":[454],"employed":[457],"Michel":[459],"Foucault,":[460],"attune":[462],"ways":[465],"enacts":[469],"philosophy":[470,609],"part":[472],"meaning\u2014not":[475],"anachronistically,":[476],"manner":[480],"consonant":[481],"with":[482],"moment":[485],"contemporary":[489],"discourses.":[490],"As":[491],"W.":[492],"T.":[494],"Mitchell":[495],"his":[498,624],"book":[499],"Picture":[500],"Theory,":[501],"\"there":[502],"no":[504,632],"'purely'":[505],"visual":[506,590],"verbal":[508],"arts\";":[509],"\"all":[510],"media":[511],"'mixed":[513],"media'\"":[514],"(5).":[515],"Mitchell's":[516],"develop":[521],"\"'picture":[523],"theory'":[524],"(much":[525],"less":[526],"pictures),":[530],"picture":[533,608,670],"practical":[537],"activity":[538],"formation":[541],"representations\"":[543],"(6).":[544],"Bal":[546],"proposes":[547],"if":[549],"\"visual":[550],"makes":[552],"any":[553],"sense":[554],"beyond":[557],"narrow":[559],"domain":[560,566],"beauty":[562],"affective":[565],"pleasure,":[568],"because":[571],"art,":[572],"too,":[573],"thinks;":[574],"thought.":[577],"thought":[580,585,593],"it,":[582,588],"expressed":[586],"thought,":[591,674],"embodied":[594],"form\"":[596],"(117).":[597],"would":[599],"like":[600],"mean":[606],"theology":[611],"looking":[613],"case":[616,665],"Diego":[618],"Vel\u00e1zquez":[619],"reception":[622],"most":[625],"famous":[626],"work,":[627],"(1656).":[630],"Perhaps":[631],"ink":[634],"needs":[635],"spilt":[638],"on":[639],"Meninas,":[641],"written":[648],"last":[653],"thirty-five":[654],"years":[655],"dramatizes":[656],"issue":[658],"hand":[660],"provides":[662],"interesting":[664],"study.":[666],"If":[667],"embody":[673],"then":[675],"certainly":[677],"perform":[679],"operations":[681],"philosophy,":[684],"theology.":[686],"When...":[687]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}