{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2086230641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211270491","title":"Casino capitalism and social polarization in Macao","display_name":"Casino capitalism and social polarization in Macao","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2086230641","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211270491","mag":"2086230641"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/20463161211270491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211270491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211270491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765030381","display_name":"Asian Education and Development Studies","issn_l":"2046-3162","issn":["2046-3162","2046-3170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Education and Development Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015234295","display_name":"Wing Tong Ip","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wing Tong Ip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong, People's Republic of China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong, People's Republic of China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015234295"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29307681,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"3","first_page":"276","last_page":"293"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12483","display_name":"Global Urban Networks and Dynamics","score":0.5439000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12483","display_name":"Global Urban Networks and Dynamics","score":0.5439000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10239","display_name":"Urban Planning and Governance","score":0.10649999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12785","display_name":"Hong Kong and Taiwan Politics","score":0.07649999856948853,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/casino-capitalism","display_name":"casino capitalism","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-polarization","display_name":"social polarization","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macau-special-administrative-region","display_name":"Macau Special Administrative Region","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/casino-gambling","display_name":"casino gambling","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-market","display_name":"labor market","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-conflict","display_name":"social conflict","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/governance","display_name":"governance","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-capital","display_name":"global capital","score":0.4749999940395355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186229450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42008","display_name":"Sovereignty","level":3,"score":0.5190068483352661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4925123155117035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.47456055879592896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58823610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q746418","display_name":"Liberalization","level":2,"score":0.46657928824424744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.44387656450271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777501827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10283140","display_name":"Yearbook","level":2,"score":0.44221562147140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68062652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214693","display_name":"Social capital","level":2,"score":0.43987327814102173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.4392765462398529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537338633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q645029","display_name":"Economic liberalization","level":3,"score":0.43586400151252747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.41111525893211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.37939882278442383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74363100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q273005","display_name":"Economic system","level":1,"score":0.3775911033153534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.3465022146701813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47768531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127188","display_name":"Development economics","level":1,"score":0.3236001133918762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.23319575190544128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.2252945899963379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.219635009765625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.13892921805381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/20463161211270491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211270491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161211270491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2765030381","display_name":"Asian Education and Development Studies","issn_l":"2046-3162","issn":["2046-3162","2046-3170"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asian Education and Development Studies","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6601999998092651},{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.47999998927116394},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4074000120162964}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1541949981","https://openalex.org/W1967084136","https://openalex.org/W2030140966","https://openalex.org/W2070733558","https://openalex.org/W2075779529"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160070383","https://openalex.org/W4380419590","https://openalex.org/W2141014355","https://openalex.org/W2243715067","https://openalex.org/W2755486047","https://openalex.org/W3016874996","https://openalex.org/W3201931094","https://openalex.org/W2321798679","https://openalex.org/W4381432889","https://openalex.org/W4414178501"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose":[0],"The":[1,154,185],"purpose":[2],"of":[3,11,47,72,86,97,113,126,138,151,157,169],"this":[4],"paper":[5,42,81,186],"is":[6],"to":[7,22,53,143,153,177,190],"utilize":[8],"the":[9,24,33,59,69,77,83,87,93,98,104,110,114,120,124,127,136,139,144,161,166,180,192,199,204],"theory":[10,90],"global":[12,27,88,99,174,205],"city,":[13],"as":[14,56,58,201],"advanced":[15],"by":[16,64,76,203],"Saskia":[17],"Sassen":[18],"and":[19,29,50,95,107,109,171,195],"other":[20],"scholars,":[21],"explore":[23],"relationships":[25],"between":[26],"capital":[28,101,176],"social":[30,193],"polarization":[31],"in":[32,62,91,102,117,130,159,198],"newly\u2010established":[34],"Macao":[35],"Special":[36],"Administrative":[37],"Region":[38],"(MSAR).":[39],"Design/methodology/approach":[40],"This":[41,80],"will":[43,187],"give":[44],"a":[45],"picture":[46],"economic":[48],"growth":[49],"its":[51],"impacts":[52],"budgetary":[54],"surplus,":[55],"well":[57],"labour":[60],"market":[61],"MSAR,":[63,145,200],"extracting":[65],"statistical":[66],"data":[67],"from":[68],"Macao\u2019s":[70],"Yearbook":[71],"Statistics":[73],"2010":[74],"published":[75],"government.":[78],"Findings":[79],"demonstrates":[82],"powerful":[84],"explanation":[85],"city":[89],"examining:":[92],"causes":[94],"consequences":[96],"casino":[100,175,206],"remodelling":[103],"MSAR\u2019s":[105],"economy":[106],"society;":[108],"positive":[111],"response":[112],"MSAR":[115,162],"government":[116,163],"dealing":[118],"with":[119],"emerging":[121],"problems":[122,197],"under":[123],"patronage":[125],"Central":[128],"Government":[129],"Beijing.":[131],"Practical":[132],"implications":[133],"To":[134],"extend":[135],"application":[137],"Global":[140],"City":[141],"Theory":[142],"that":[146],"was":[147],"created":[148],"upon":[149],"retrocession":[150],"sovereignty":[152],"People\u2019s":[155],"Republic":[156],"China":[158],"1999,":[160],"has":[164],"adopted":[165],"liberalization":[167],"policy":[168],"gaming":[170],"thus":[172],"allowed":[173],"channel":[178],"into":[179],"city\u2010state":[181],"since":[182],"2002.":[183],"Originality/value":[184],"help":[188],"readers":[189],"understand":[191],"conflicts":[194],"governance":[196],"caused":[202],"capital.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}