{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2085603263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/78607.78611","title":"Typographic style is more than cosmetic","display_name":"Typographic style is more than cosmetic","publication_year":1990,"publication_date":"1990-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2085603263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/78607.78611","mag":"2085603263"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/78607.78611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/78607.78611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/78607.78611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080858916","display_name":"Paul Oman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-363X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8328-363X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155093810","display_name":"University of Idaho","ror":"https://ror.org/03hbp5t65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul W. Oman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Idaho, Moscow","University of Idaho - Moscow;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Idaho, Moscow","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Idaho - Moscow;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155093810"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110024163","display_name":"Curtis R. Cook","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131249849","display_name":"Oregon State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ysfqy60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Curtis R. Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oregon State Univ., Corvallis","Oregon State University, Corvallis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State Univ., Corvallis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oregon State University, Corvallis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131249849"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2184,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":98,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97822599,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"5","first_page":"506","last_page":"520"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/typographic-style","display_name":"typographic style","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code-formatting","display_name":"source code formatting","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-comprehension","display_name":"program comprehension","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-style","display_name":"programming style","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-maintenance","display_name":"software maintenance","score":0.5090000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88006597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690117","display_name":"Disk formatting","level":2,"score":0.9206879138946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1792644","display_name":"Style (visual arts)","level":2,"score":0.8269290924072266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776245389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962139","display_name":"Programming style","level":2,"score":0.7821003198623657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777561058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2652119","display_name":"Program comprehension","level":4,"score":0.735034167766571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.702284038066864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.6727836728096008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.6146104335784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5263931751251221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4467858076095581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.3126755356788635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.1643378734588623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1561192274093628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.14676734805107117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.06512942910194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.06068485975265503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/78607.78611","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/78607.78611","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/78607.78611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S103482838","display_name":"Communications of the ACM","issn_l":"0001-0782","issn":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","fnege-3","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Communications of the ACM","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.492.6071","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.492.6071","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://staff.unak.is/not/andy/MScMaintenance0809/lectures/add/typographicstyle.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2183946067","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cs.tufts.edu/~nr/cs257/archive/curtis-cook/typo.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W131015021","https://openalex.org/W1589008399","https://openalex.org/W1960390258","https://openalex.org/W1964679590","https://openalex.org/W1969685458","https://openalex.org/W1999335744","https://openalex.org/W2120704737","https://openalex.org/W2133247167","https://openalex.org/W2145731266","https://openalex.org/W2154671002","https://openalex.org/W2171688760","https://openalex.org/W2180379667","https://openalex.org/W2207139411","https://openalex.org/W2611598995","https://openalex.org/W3163150603","https://openalex.org/W4244812420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2183946067","https://openalex.org/W7100229561","https://openalex.org/W2035781078","https://openalex.org/W91182362","https://openalex.org/W2154252485","https://openalex.org/W326705583","https://openalex.org/W1999335744","https://openalex.org/W12190031","https://openalex.org/W2050520440","https://openalex.org/W7099365019"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"is":[1],"disagreement":[2],"about":[3],"the":[4,41,51,57],"role":[5],"and":[6,14,22,38,64],"importance":[7],"of":[8,34,43],"typographic":[9,35,52],"style":[10,26,36,53],"(source":[11],"code":[12],"formatting":[13],"commenting)":[15],"in":[16,24,56],"program":[17,44,62],"comprehension.":[18],"Results":[19],"from":[20],"experiments":[21,48],"opinions":[23],"programming":[25],"books":[27],"are":[28],"mixed.":[29],"This":[30],"article":[31],"presents":[32],"principles":[33,54],"consistent":[37],"compatible":[39],"with":[40],"results":[42],"comprehension":[45,63],"studies.":[46],"Four":[47],"demonstrate":[49],"that":[50],"embodied":[55],"book":[58],"format":[59],"significantly":[60],"aid":[61],"reduce":[65],"maintenance":[66],"effort.":[67],"\u2014Authors'":[68],"Abstract":[69]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
