{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2085565621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1993.0046","title":"No\u2010Till Systems for Corn following Hay or Pasture","display_name":"No\u2010Till Systems for Corn following Hay or Pasture","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2085565621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1993.0046","mag":"2085565621"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2134/jpa1993.0046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1993.0046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1993.0046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125600968","display_name":"jpa","issn_l":"0890-8524","issn":["0890-8524","2689-4114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Production Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. A. Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. A. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dep. of Agronomy; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Agronomy; Iowa State University; Ames IA 50011","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039080945","display_name":"P. R. Carter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. R. Carter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dep. of Agronomy; Univ. of Wisconsin; Madison WI 53706"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dep. of Agronomy; Univ. of Wisconsin; Madison WI 53706","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039080945"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"46","last_page":"52"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10889","display_name":"Soil erosion and sediment transport","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/no-till-corn","display_name":"no-till corn","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perennial-forage-crops","display_name":"perennial forage crops","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hay","display_name":"hay","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/herbicide-application-timing","display_name":"herbicide application timing","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crop-residue-cover","display_name":"crop residue cover","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-yield","display_name":"maize yield","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-moisture-content","display_name":"grain moisture content","score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chisel-plowing","display_name":"chisel plowing","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moldboard-plowing","display_name":"moldboard plowing","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conventional-tillage","display_name":"conventional tillage","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production-costs","display_name":"production costs","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silt-loam","display_name":"silt loam soil","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-loss-reduction","display_name":"soil loss reduction","score":0.3540000021457672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113578266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1131303","display_name":"Loam","level":3,"score":0.7122849225997925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.7043462991714478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.6843867897987366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16397148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878333","display_name":"Tillage","level":2,"score":0.619788646697998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180429540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11464","display_name":"Plough","level":2,"score":0.5942093729972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32936327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216658","display_name":"Bushel","level":3,"score":0.5559026002883911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116370137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227672","display_name":"No-till farming","level":4,"score":0.5180395245552063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778053677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30121","display_name":"Pasture","level":2,"score":0.5109588503837585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106191032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336989","display_name":"Hay","level":2,"score":0.4971168339252472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.46750032901763916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3239189","display_name":"Grazing","level":2,"score":0.46136894822120667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34070608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001783","display_name":"Cover crop","level":2,"score":0.46088242530822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24461792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q157957","display_name":"Perennial plant","level":2,"score":0.4537799656391144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.3242446184158325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38774213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202080","display_name":"Soil fertility","level":3,"score":0.1094444990158081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.07067859172821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48508581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4675074","display_name":"Acre","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2134/jpa1993.0046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1993.0046","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1993.0046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125600968","display_name":"jpa","issn_l":"0890-8524","issn":["0890-8524","2689-4114"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Production Agriculture","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":1.0,"display_name":"Zero hunger"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.7605999708175659,"display_name":"Life on land"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972249285","https://openalex.org/W2018167571","https://openalex.org/W2036747257","https://openalex.org/W2214099210","https://openalex.org/W2307873470","https://openalex.org/W2605752637","https://openalex.org/W3032529832","https://openalex.org/W3202828910"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2036554303","https://openalex.org/W2097042538","https://openalex.org/W7098777340","https://openalex.org/W2024365359","https://openalex.org/W2016707704","https://openalex.org/W2036747257","https://openalex.org/W762960210","https://openalex.org/W2044931221","https://openalex.org/W2018167571","https://openalex.org/W1970314834"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"No\u2010till":[0,368,494],"(NT)":[1],"corn":[2,34,235,276,327,388,495,532,567,599,620,656,705],"(Zea":[3],"mays":[4],"L.)":[5],"production":[6,179,568,589,702],"following":[7,39,252,279,497,600],"perennial":[8,253,330,366,430,443,500],"forages":[9,331],"can":[10],"reduce":[11],"soil":[12,460,517,684],"loss":[13],"and":[14,16,68,102,115,118,125,131,140,153,169,191,237,281,290,305,336,358,421,465,531,534,553,582,652,701],"machinery":[15],"labor":[17,241,653],"requirements;":[18],"yet":[19,42],"few":[20,593],"farmers":[21,44,594],"in":[22,52,88,100,144,214,242,261,352,378,419,432,445,491,504,524,633],"the":[23,53,215,243,262,266,333,353,433,446,478,615,622,634,647],"northern":[24],"USA":[25],"are":[26],"using":[27,370],"this":[28,58,295],"practice.":[29],"Research":[30,245],"has":[31,345],"indicated":[32,346],"NT":[33,47,64,67,160,171,202],"performs":[35],"best":[36,492,516],"when":[37],"planted":[38,277,389,496],"fall\u2010killed":[40,282,670],"perennials;":[41],"most":[43],"who":[45,249],"practice":[46],"apply":[48,256],"herbicides":[49,257,339],"to":[50,61,220,258,284,298,340,363,381,428,441,607,617,619,627],"perennials":[51,260,283,394],"spring.":[54],"The":[55,292],"objective":[56,293],"of":[57,150,200,240,275,294,338,393,499,765],"study":[59,296],"was":[60,297,551,572],"compare":[62,299],"two":[63,300],"systems,":[65,76,312,581],"fall\u2010kill":[66,129,141,186,201,547,575,596],"spring\u2010kill":[69,132,170,194,306,392,498,521,585],"NT,":[70,130,133,136,142,187],"with":[71,138,308,383,391,398,470,539,614],"farmers'":[72,208,309],"current":[73,310,541,563,579],"tillage":[74,311,449,480,542,564,580,709,735],"(CT)":[75],"which":[77,313,512],"included":[78,314],"either":[79,315,351],"chisel":[80,316,453],"or":[81,165,317,355,438,451,454,488,560],"moldboard":[82,318,384,455],"plowing.":[83,319,385],"Farmer\u2010managed":[84,407],"comparisons":[85,274,408],"were":[86,106,183,361,409,473,556],"made":[87,271,410,621],"field\u2010sized,":[89],"replicated":[90],"strip":[91],"tests":[92],"on":[93,97,402,411,415,687],"silt":[94,412],"loam":[95,413],"soils":[96,414],"six":[98,151,416,712,768],"farms":[99,152,418,471],"1988":[101,420],"1989.":[103,422],"Variables":[104],"measured":[105],"percentage":[107],"residue":[108,232,506,667,691],"cover":[109,121,233,507,668,692,717],"after":[110,234,508,676,693],"planting,":[111,360,694],"harvest":[112,657],"plant":[113,146,221,250,529,695],"populations,":[114],"grain":[116,157,554,699],"moisture":[117],"yields.":[119],"Residue":[120,716],"averaged":[122],"13,":[123],"53,":[124],"72%":[126],"for":[127,185,189,193,210,230,387,477,574,578,584,598,639,649,704],"CT,":[128,190],"respectively.":[134],"Spring\u2010kill":[135,435,754],"compared":[137,538],"CT":[139,168],"resulted":[143,377,490,503,523],"reduced":[145,535],"populations":[147,696],"at":[148,172,359,655,697,711],"three":[149,479,708],"3%":[154],"higher":[155,166],"average":[156,536],"moisture.":[158],"Fall\u2010kill":[159,424,603,744],"produced":[161],"yields":[162,379,537,555],"equal":[163],"to,":[164,559],"than,":[167,562],"all":[173,177],"farms.":[174,713,769],"Averaged":[175],"over":[176],"farms,":[178],"costs":[180],"per":[181,570],"bushel":[182,571],"lowest":[184,573],"intermediate":[188,577],"highest":[192,583],"NT.":[195],"Despite":[196],"these":[197,588],"advantages,":[198,590],"use":[199,608],"may":[203,659,680],"be":[204],"limited":[205],"by":[206],"(i)":[207],"preferences":[209],"evaluating":[211],"hay":[212],"stands":[213,530],"spring,":[216,263],"before":[217],"deciding":[218],"where":[219],"corn;":[222],"(ii)":[223],"fall":[224,354,371,650,661],"grazing":[225,651],"needs;":[226],"(iii)":[227],"minimum":[228],"requirements":[229],"crop":[231,611,630,640,666],"planting;":[236],"(iv)":[238],"shortage":[239],"fall.":[244,267,624],"Question":[246],"Most":[247],"producers":[248],"no\u2010till":[251,278,301,304,328,390,425,436,485,522,597,604,745,755],"forage":[254,501,601,629],"species":[255,431,444],"kill":[259,429,442],"rather":[264],"than":[265],"Farmers":[268],"have":[269,375,395,592],"not":[270,681],"side\u2010by\u2010side":[272],"on\u2010farm":[273],"spring\u2010killed":[280],"evaluate":[285],"relative":[286],"yields,":[287],"management":[288],"challenges,":[289],"economics.":[291],"systems":[302,369,543,710],"(fall\u2010kill":[303],"no\u2010till)":[307],"Literature":[320],"Summary":[321],"Growers'":[322],"major":[323],"concern":[324],"about":[325],"planting":[326,509,677],"into":[329],"is":[332],"application":[334],"timing":[335],"efficacy":[337],"control":[341,365,550,686],"perennials.":[342],"Previous":[343],"research":[344],"that":[347],"split":[348],"herbicide":[349,662],"treatments,":[350],"early":[356],"spring":[357,403,452,635],"needed":[362],"completely":[364],"vegetation.":[367],"Roundup":[372],"(glyphosate)":[373],"applications":[374],"consistently":[376],"comparable":[380,558],"those":[382],"Results":[386],"been":[396],"inconsistent,":[397],"performance":[399],"highly":[400],"dependent":[401],"rainfall.":[404],"Study":[405],"Description":[406],"Wisconsin":[417],"Treatments:":[423],"(Glyphosate":[426,437],"applied":[427,440],"fall)":[434],"atrazine":[439],"spring)":[447],"Current":[448,734],"(Fall":[450],"plowing)":[456],"Additional":[457],"weed":[458,526,549],"control,":[459,463,527],"fertility,":[461],"insect":[462],"hybrids,":[464],"other":[466],"cultural":[467],"practices":[468],"varied":[469],"but":[472],"similar":[474],"within":[475],"sites":[476],"systems.":[481,565],"Applied":[482],"Questions":[483],"Which":[484],"system":[486,715],"(fall\u2010":[487],"spring\u2010kill)":[489],"performance?":[493],"vegetation":[502],"greatest":[505],"(Table":[510,544,678],"),":[511,679],"probably":[513],"would":[514],"provide":[515,682],"erosion":[518,685],"control.":[519],"But":[520],"inconsistent":[525],"variable":[528],"growth,":[533],"growers'":[540],").":[545],"With":[546],"no\u2010till,":[548,576],"effective":[552],"always":[557],"greater":[561],"Average":[566,690],"cost":[569,703,723],"no\u2010till.":[586],"Given":[587],"why":[591],"adopted":[595],"perennials?":[602],"requires":[605],"growers":[606],"a":[609,637],"fixed":[610],"rotation":[612,641],"schedule,":[613],"decision":[616],"rotate":[618],"previous":[623],"Growers":[625],"prefer":[626],"assess":[628],"winter":[631],"survival":[632],"as":[636,646,672,674],"basis":[638],"plans.":[642],"Other":[643],"constraints,":[644],"such":[645],"need":[648],"shortages":[654],"time,":[658],"prevent":[660],"applications.":[663],"In":[664],"addition,":[665],"from":[669],"vegetation,":[671],"low":[673],"30%":[675],"adequate":[683],"steep":[688],"slopes.":[689],"harvest,":[698],"yield,":[700],"grown":[706],"under":[707],"Tillage":[714],"Harvest":[718],"population":[719],"Grain":[720],"yield":[721],"Production":[722],"\u2010\u2010\u2010\u2010":[724,726,733],"%":[725],"plants/acre":[727],"\u00d7":[728],"1000":[729],"bu/acre":[730],"\u2010\u2010\u2010\u2010\u2010":[731],"$/bu":[732],"13":[736],"22":[737],"114":[738],"2.42":[739],"(4\u201340)":[740],"(18\u201326)":[741],"(62\u2013163)":[742],"(1.25\u20133.88)":[743],"53":[746],"23":[747],"120":[748],"2.30":[749],"(30\u201367)":[750],"(19\u201326)":[751],"(74\u2013162)":[752],"(1.29\u20133.64)":[753],"72":[756],"21":[757],"98":[758],"4.68":[759],"(57\u201389)":[760],"(15\u201329)":[761],"(20\u2013176)":[762],"(1.21\u201311.80)":[763],"Range":[764],"values":[766],"across":[767]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
