{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2085304476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/4130","title":"Metastable states and folding free energy barriers","display_name":"Metastable states and folding free energy barriers","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2085304476","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/4130","mag":"2085304476","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9846867"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/4130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/4130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/4130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735520","display_name":"Nature Structural Biology","issn_l":"1072-8368","issn":["1072-8368","2331-365X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Structural Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053192926","display_name":"David A. Baker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-6217","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7896-6217"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USA","the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Washington, Seattle, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Washington, Seattle, 98195, Washington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Washington, Seattle, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053192926"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1622,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77485782,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"12","first_page":"1021","last_page":"1024"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11124","display_name":"Protein purification and stability","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11162","display_name":"Enzyme Structure and Function","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-folding","display_name":"protein folding","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metastable-states","display_name":"metastable states","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molten-globule","display_name":"molten globule","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protease","display_name":"proteolytic enzymes","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-stability","display_name":"protein stability","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partially-folded-states","display_name":"partially folded states","score":0.5559999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849516","display_name":"Metastability","level":2,"score":0.8701773881912231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118493188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109048","display_name":"Molten globule","level":3,"score":0.7745094299316406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204328495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847556","display_name":"Protein folding","level":2,"score":0.7188247442245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174507519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5464306","display_name":"Folding funnel","level":5,"score":0.6951794028282166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776545253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5464292","display_name":"Folding (DSP implementation)","level":2,"score":0.6459574103355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.536389946937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206276672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164839","display_name":"Contact order","level":3,"score":0.5224515199661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5062267184257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119621388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5377166","display_name":"Energy landscape","level":2,"score":0.4738788306713104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.45944416522979736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.45097866654396057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46449900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5303170","display_name":"Downhill folding","level":4,"score":0.4451754689216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4203035533428192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162203774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7181581","display_name":"Phi value analysis","level":3,"score":0.22180140018463135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.18226385116577148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1756180226802826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.11390864849090576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07264816761016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004795","descriptor_name":"Enzyme Stability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007700","descriptor_name":"Kinetics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011487","descriptor_name":"Protein Conformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012697","descriptor_name":"Serine Endopeptidases","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013329","descriptor_name":"Structure-Activity Relationship","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017510","descriptor_name":"Protein Folding","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/4130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/4130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/4130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735520","display_name":"Nature Structural Biology","issn_l":"1072-8368","issn":["1072-8368","2331-365X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Structural Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9846867","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9846867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature structural biology","raw_type":"News"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1520644305","https://openalex.org/W1582745181","https://openalex.org/W1969168425","https://openalex.org/W1978318542","https://openalex.org/W1998124302","https://openalex.org/W2006897473","https://openalex.org/W2050674880","https://openalex.org/W2057730654","https://openalex.org/W2064382750","https://openalex.org/W2085471627","https://openalex.org/W2087500898","https://openalex.org/W2090374619","https://openalex.org/W2103013618","https://openalex.org/W2119585395","https://openalex.org/W2167987924"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015816091","https://openalex.org/W2061861422","https://openalex.org/W1520644305","https://openalex.org/W1978704691","https://openalex.org/W2397393290","https://openalex.org/W2001508072","https://openalex.org/W2049509393","https://openalex.org/W2088525783","https://openalex.org/W2153333215","https://openalex.org/W7010183399"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
