{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2084840862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","title":"Forces in the Presence of Ceramic Versus Stainless Steel Brackets with Unconventional vs Conventional Ligatures","display_name":"Forces in the Presence of Ceramic Versus Stainless Steel Brackets with Unconventional vs Conventional Ligatures","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-08-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2084840862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","mag":"2084840862","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18193950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2319/011107-11.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177636448","display_name":"The Angle Orthodontist","issn_l":"0003-3219","issn":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316334","host_organization_name":"E.H Angle Education and Research Foundation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316334"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["E.H Angle Education and Research Foundation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Angle Orthodontist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021689183","display_name":"Tiziano Baccetti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tiziano Baccetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026919359","display_name":"Lorenzo Franchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-460X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2072-460X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Franchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Thomas M. Graber Visiting Scholar, Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"a Assistant Professor, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007884295","display_name":"Matteo Camporesi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","display_name":"University of Florence","ror":"https://ror.org/04jr1s763","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Camporesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["b Research Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy","Research Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"b Research Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Fellow, Department of Orthodontics, The University of Florence, Florence, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021689183"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315","https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8513,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83101415,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"78","issue":"1","first_page":"120","last_page":"124"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10356","display_name":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3505","display_name":"Orthodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10356","display_name":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3505","display_name":"Orthodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10113","display_name":"Dental materials and restorations","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3505","display_name":"Orthodontics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12367","display_name":"Dental Trauma and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ceramic-brackets","display_name":"ceramic brackets","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stainless-steel-brackets","display_name":"stainless steel brackets","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontic-force-measurement","display_name":"orthodontic force measurement","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontic-appliances","display_name":"orthodontic appliances","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134132462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45621","display_name":"Ceramic","level":2,"score":0.5731080174446106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.4770216941833496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4043370187282562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199343813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12128","display_name":"Dentistry","level":1,"score":0.3500277101993561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3075870871543884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.2625935673713684}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001641","descriptor_name":"Bicuspid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001696","descriptor_name":"Biomechanical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002516","descriptor_name":"Ceramics","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003481","descriptor_name":"Cuspid","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003722","descriptor_name":"Dental Alloys","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003764","descriptor_name":"Dental Materials","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004548","descriptor_name":"Elasticity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007180","descriptor_name":"Incisor","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008422","descriptor_name":"Materials Testing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009532","descriptor_name":"Nickel","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009969","descriptor_name":"Orthodontic Wires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013193","descriptor_name":"Stainless Steel","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013314","descriptor_name":"Stress, Mechanical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014025","descriptor_name":"Titanium","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014087","descriptor_name":"Tooth Movement Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000295","qualifier_name":"instrumentation","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016382","descriptor_name":"Orthodontic Appliance Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016910","descriptor_name":"Orthodontic Brackets","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017276","descriptor_name":"Friction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020724","descriptor_name":"Elastomers","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2319/011107-11.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177636448","display_name":"The Angle Orthodontist","issn_l":"0003-3219","issn":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316334","host_organization_name":"E.H Angle Education and Research Foundation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316334"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["E.H Angle Education and Research Foundation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Angle Orthodontist","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18193950","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18193950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Angle orthodontist","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"pmh:oai:flore.unifi.it:2158/313750","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2158/313750","pdf_url":"https://flore.unifi.it/bitstream/2158/313750/1/011107-11%252E1%281%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402033","display_name":"Florence Research (University of Florence)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45084792","host_organization_name":"University of Florence","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45084792"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2319/011107-11.1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2319/011107-11.1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177636448","display_name":"The Angle Orthodontist","issn_l":"0003-3219","issn":["0003-3219","1945-7103"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316334","host_organization_name":"E.H Angle Education and Research Foundation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316334"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["E.H Angle Education and Research Foundation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Angle Orthodontist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.4043000042438507,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2084840862.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2084840862.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40635645","https://openalex.org/W169016477","https://openalex.org/W1519972642","https://openalex.org/W1544684435","https://openalex.org/W1951900607","https://openalex.org/W1974804863","https://openalex.org/W2042285851","https://openalex.org/W2044368596","https://openalex.org/W2046046132","https://openalex.org/W2047473482","https://openalex.org/W2075319839","https://openalex.org/W2085756946","https://openalex.org/W2090739868","https://openalex.org/W2149010150","https://openalex.org/W2149576561","https://openalex.org/W2150849345","https://openalex.org/W2168287518","https://openalex.org/W2180281222","https://openalex.org/W2187648106","https://openalex.org/W2412114158"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2405544426","https://openalex.org/W2921603617","https://openalex.org/W2171052759","https://openalex.org/W2168860442","https://openalex.org/W1990337579","https://openalex.org/W2133564757","https://openalex.org/W7065414204","https://openalex.org/W2972771419","https://openalex.org/W2085756946","https://openalex.org/W2912631358"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"compare":[2],"the":[3,30,63,84,98,102,144,147,160,175,188,208,215,221],"forces":[4,88],"resulting":[5],"from":[6],"four":[7],"types":[8],"of":[9,35,45,62,81,100,111,146,150,156,162,171,190,204,211,223],"bracket/ligature":[10,106],"combinations:":[11],"ceramic":[12,192],"brackets":[13,17,49,196],"and":[14,24,32,57,121,133,193],"stainless":[15,194],"steel":[16,195,227],"combined":[18],"with":[19,143,166,199],"unconventional":[20],"elastomeric":[21,26],"ligatures":[22,27],"(UEL)":[23],"conventional":[25],"(CEL)":[28],"during":[29,177],"leveling":[31],"aligning":[33],"phases":[34],"orthodontic":[36,216],"therapy.":[37],"MATERIALS":[38],"AND":[39],"METHODS:":[40],"The":[41,67,87,153,202],"testing":[42],"model":[43],"consisted":[44],"five":[46],"0.022-inch":[47],"preadjusted":[48],"(second":[50],"premolar,":[51,53],"first":[52],"canine,":[54],"lateral":[55],"incisor,":[56],"central":[58],"incisor)":[59],"for":[60,78,136,182],"each":[61],"two":[64],"bracket":[65,69,224],"types.":[66],"canine":[68,113,148,172],"was":[70,164,185],"welded":[71],"to":[72],"a":[73,91,179],"sliding":[74],"bar":[75],"that":[76],"allowed":[77],"different":[79,109],"amounts":[80,110],"offset":[82],"in":[83,97,159,187],"gingival":[85],"direction.":[86],"generated":[89],"by":[90,214],"0.014-inch":[92],"superelastic":[93],"nickel":[94],"titanium":[95],"wire":[96],"presence":[99,161,189],"either":[101],"UEL":[103,132],"or":[104,169],"CEL":[105,134,163],"systems":[107,135],"at":[108],"upward":[112],"misalignment":[114,149],"(1.5":[115],"mm,":[116,118,120],"3":[117],"4.5":[119],"6":[122],"mm)":[123],"were":[124,129],"recorded.":[125],"RESULTS:":[126],"Significant":[127],"differences":[128],"found":[130],"between":[131],"all":[137],"tested":[138],"variables":[139],"(P":[140],"<":[141],".01)":[142],"exception":[145],"1.5":[151],"mm.":[152],"average":[154],"amount":[155,210],"recorded":[157,186],"force":[158,180,212],"negligible":[165],"3.0":[167],"mm":[168],"greater":[170],"misalignment.":[173],"On":[174],"contrary,":[176],"alignment,":[178],"available":[181],"tooth":[183],"movement":[184],"both":[191],"when":[197],"associated":[198],"UEL.":[200],"CONCLUSIONS:":[201],"type":[203,222],"ligature":[205],"used":[206,225],"influenced":[207],"actual":[209],"released":[213],"system":[217],"significantly":[218],"more":[219],"than":[220],"(stainless":[226],"vs":[228],"ceramic).":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
