{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2084769389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","title":"Why interleaving enhances inductive learning: The roles of discrimination and retrieval","display_name":"Why interleaving enhances inductive learning: The roles of discrimination and retrieval","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2084769389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","mag":"2084769389","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23138567"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758%2Fs13421-012-0272-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758%2Fs13421-012-0272-7.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042629577","display_name":"Monica S. Birnbaum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Monica S. Birnbaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA. monicasb@ucla.edu","University of California\u2013Los Angeles"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA. monicasb@ucla.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California\u2013Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064113756","display_name":"Nate Kornell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-663X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8394-663X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22675022","display_name":"Williams College","ror":"https://ror.org/04avkmd49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22675022"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nate Kornell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, 01267, USA","Williams College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, 01267, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22675022"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Williams College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22675022"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070684607","display_name":"Elizabeth Ligon Bjork","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-5387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9852-5387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Ligon Bjork","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1563, USA","University of California\u2013Los Angeles"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1563, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California\u2013Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058843551","display_name":"Robert A. Bjork","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-5711","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5621-5711"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Bjork","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1563, USA","University of California\u2013Los Angeles"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1563, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California\u2013Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042629577"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":{"value":3190,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3190},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.8417,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":278,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95860611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"3","first_page":"392","last_page":"402"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.9121000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.9121000170707703,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11516","display_name":"Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes","score":0.03139999881386757,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12694","display_name":"Categorization, perception, and language","score":0.02590000070631504,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleaving","display_name":"interleaving","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inductive-learning","display_name":"inductive learning","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-spacing","display_name":"temporal spacing","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/category-discrimination","display_name":"category discrimination","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retrieval","display_name":"retrieval","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exemplar-based-learning","display_name":"exemplar-based learning","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-learning","display_name":"concept learning","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28034677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092530","display_name":"Interleaving","level":2,"score":0.8947340846061707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.845534086227417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7884612083435059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.6066579818725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.594285249710083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196178793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282084","display_name":"Discrimination learning","level":2,"score":0.452610582113266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.4511810541152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3045433759689331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1344064474105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.08404126763343811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003210","descriptor_name":"Concept Formation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004192","descriptor_name":"Discrimination, Psychological","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011939","descriptor_name":"Mental Recall","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758%2Fs13421-012-0272-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:23138567","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23138567","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & cognition","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.694.6693","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.694.6693","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://bjorklab.psych.ucla.edu/pubs/Birnbaum_Kornell_EBjork_RBjork_inpress.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.712.5866","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.712.5866","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://sites.williams.edu/nk2/files/2011/08/Birnbaum.Kornell.Bjork_.Bjork_.20131.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-012-0272-7","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758%2Fs13421-012-0272-7.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S114265899","display_name":"Memory & Cognition","issn_l":"0090-502X","issn":["0090-502X","1532-5946"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","erih-plus","jufo-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Memory & Cognition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2084769389.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2084769389.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1921365576","https://openalex.org/W1979787179","https://openalex.org/W1983963316","https://openalex.org/W1985254869","https://openalex.org/W2037402435","https://openalex.org/W2040591353","https://openalex.org/W2041658551","https://openalex.org/W2044887035","https://openalex.org/W2049428464","https://openalex.org/W2057302194","https://openalex.org/W2063556135","https://openalex.org/W2069154013","https://openalex.org/W2094144590","https://openalex.org/W2096313025","https://openalex.org/W2097753022","https://openalex.org/W2117714737","https://openalex.org/W2121483957","https://openalex.org/W2146518935","https://openalex.org/W2150345848","https://openalex.org/W2159313072","https://openalex.org/W2166200712","https://openalex.org/W4230037199","https://openalex.org/W4230421446"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097644893","https://openalex.org/W2069154013","https://openalex.org/W2191490252","https://openalex.org/W2981969102","https://openalex.org/W1901106821","https://openalex.org/W1152602941","https://openalex.org/W4200192491","https://openalex.org/W2169742168","https://openalex.org/W2766340843","https://openalex.org/W2275976124"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}