{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2084548792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0033","title":"Signs from the Imperial Quarter: Illustrations in Chums , 1892-1914","display_name":"Signs from the Imperial Quarter: Illustrations in Chums , 1892-1914","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2084548792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0033","mag":"2084548792"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1353/chl.0.0033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155190469","display_name":"Children's literature","issn_l":"0092-8208","issn":["0092-8208","1543-3374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Children's Literature","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109873619","display_name":"Robert H. MacDonald","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert H. MacDonald","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109873619"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.1024,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96945183,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":"31","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10011","display_name":"Literature: history, themes, analysis","score":0.17499999701976776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10011","display_name":"Literature: history, themes, analysis","score":0.17499999701976776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12678","display_name":"Themes in Literature Analysis","score":0.17319999635219574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14386","display_name":"Libraries, Manuscripts, and Books","score":0.1177000030875206,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boys-magazines","display_name":"boys' magazines","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/british-empire","display_name":"British Empire","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imperial-myth","display_name":"imperial myth","score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/illustration","display_name":"illustration","score":0.42100000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patriotism","display_name":"patriotism","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"race","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masculinity","display_name":"masculinity","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boys-adventure-fiction","display_name":"boys' adventure fiction","score":0.5450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edwardian-era","display_name":"Edwardian era","score":0.3779999911785126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776911728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208160","display_name":"Courage","level":2,"score":0.6655890941619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781424646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7395200","display_name":"SWORD","level":2,"score":0.6022167205810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778495208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48349","display_name":"Empire","level":2,"score":0.5807231664657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85079727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560114","display_name":"Quarter (Canadian coin)","level":2,"score":0.5536179542541504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.5149601101875305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776786559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6241","display_name":"Patriotism","level":3,"score":0.4994213581085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.4936126470565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117731710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177266","display_name":"Militarism","level":3,"score":0.4527393579483032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44196441769599915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778571376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355821","display_name":"Frontier","level":2,"score":0.4406869113445282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781321516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310836","display_name":"Queen (butterfly)","level":3,"score":0.4393778145313263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519517224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12827256","display_name":"Mythology","level":2,"score":0.434525728225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.4308074116706848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779103253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q878070","display_name":"Duty","level":2,"score":0.4233497679233551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.38938575983047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.34910356998443604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.3094305396080017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.22975099086761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.18245625495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.18217647075653076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.1710658073425293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.12863147258758545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11440688371658325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780653484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22651","display_name":"Hymenoptera","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1353/chl.0.0033","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0033","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1353/chl.0.0033","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S155190469","display_name":"Children's literature","issn_l":"0092-8208","issn":["0092-8208","1543-3374"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","jufo-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315678","host_organization_name":"Johns Hopkins University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315678","https://openalex.org/P4310316510"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Johns Hopkins University Press","Johns Hopkins University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Children's Literature","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W609873079","https://openalex.org/W1973204528","https://openalex.org/W2022120922","https://openalex.org/W2031589973","https://openalex.org/W2053174117","https://openalex.org/W2058797255","https://openalex.org/W2067264578","https://openalex.org/W2077142407"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2605527914","https://openalex.org/W2885980609","https://openalex.org/W2252712607","https://openalex.org/W7051570339","https://openalex.org/W646839504","https://openalex.org/W6984613029","https://openalex.org/W4239629715","https://openalex.org/W7029597351","https://openalex.org/W7051716828","https://openalex.org/W4250063484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Signs":[0],"from":[1,25],"the":[2,18,39,65,73,79,91,113,132,146,194,202,208,214,216,231,236,245,256,259,269,276,279,284,297,310,345,384,397,406,420,426,436,441,450,453,458,479,483,488,509,553,571,575,595,600,631,668,673,676,681],"Imperial":[3],"Quarter:Illustrations":[4],"in":[5,57,61,87,112,118,145,161,174,201,207,255,268,305,314,383,490,511,566,592,630,646],"Chums,":[6,315],"1892-1914":[7],"Robert":[8],"H.":[9],"MacDonald":[10],"(bio)":[11],"The":[12,42,93,135,159,349,499,522,550,589,633,662],"boys'":[13,260,454,590],"magazine":[14,493],"Chums":[15,58,368],"carried":[16],"on":[17,131,213,449,457,478,487,680],"spines":[19],"of":[20,31,72,106,137,149,169,196,221,239,258,271,278,290,312,330,341,347,352,386,393,399,422,428,438,443,452,461,497,508,556,635,670,678],"its":[21],"bound":[22],"annual":[23],"volumes":[24],"1893":[26],"to":[27,90,283,287,308,425,622,626,644,672],"1908":[28],"an":[29,416,495,506,517],"illustration":[30,152],"two":[32,80],"soldiers,":[33,81],"one":[34,492],"standing":[35],"firing":[36],"a":[37,68,88,100,104,154,166,204,210,252,263,328,339,503,563,584,608],"revolver,":[38],"other":[40],"kneeling.":[41],"soldiers":[43,388],"were":[44],"holding":[45],"hands.":[46],"A":[47,142,430],"source":[48],"and":[49,127,156,187,242,318,326,335,378,405,411,440,456,485,536,541,617,648,675],"explanation":[50],"for":[51,292,338,359,638],"this":[52,138,151,272,306],"image":[53],"can":[54],"be":[55,251,477],"found":[56],"itself,":[59],"where":[60],"volume":[62],"2":[63,369],"(1893-94),":[64],"frontispiece":[66],"is":[67,117,140,180,199,265,299,302,322,514,524,552],"more":[69],"explicit":[70],"version":[71],"same":[74],"scene":[75],"(fig.":[76],"1).":[77],"Here":[78],"clearly":[82],"officers,":[83],"are":[84,189,528,538],"defending":[85],"themselves":[86],"fight":[89],"death.":[92],"erect":[94],"figure,":[95],"his":[96,119,129],"foot":[97],"braced":[98],"against":[99],"rock,":[101],"fires":[102],"at":[103],"horde":[105],"natives,":[107,286],"dimly":[108],"seen":[109],"waving":[110],"spears":[111],"background.":[114],"His":[115,122],"sword":[116],"right":[120],"hand.":[121],"companion":[123],"has":[124,153],"collapsed,":[125],"stricken,":[126],"leans":[128],"head":[130],"other's":[133],"thigh.":[134],"caption":[136],"picture":[139],"\"Chums.\"":[141,367],"tiny":[143],"unit":[144,211],"vast":[147],"myth":[148,346],"Empire,":[150],"dramatic":[155,540],"immediate":[157],"meaning.":[158],"officers":[160],"their":[162,532],"\"Last":[163],"Stand\"":[164],"offer":[165],"complex":[167,520],"sign":[168],"imperial":[170,280,459,596],"manhood.":[171],"Manhood":[172],"consists":[173],"fighting,":[175],"fighting":[176],"means":[177],"dying,":[178],"dying":[179],"sanctified":[181],"by":[182,324,396,531,546,607],"brotherhood.":[183],"Courage,":[184],"loyalty,":[185],"duty,":[186],"patriotism":[188],"given":[190],"iconographic":[191],"form":[192],"as":[193,244,415,464,502],"discourse":[195],"last":[197,237],"stands":[198],"invoked":[200],"magazine:":[203],"dusty":[205],"spot":[206],"desert,":[209],"ambushed":[212],"frontier,":[215],"fortuitous":[217],"but":[218],"ironic":[219],"meeting":[220],"old":[222],"school":[223,423],"friends\u2014or":[224],"enemies\u2014water":[225],"gone,":[226],"ammunition":[227],"expended,":[228],"horses":[229],"killed,":[230],"murderous":[232],"natives":[233,401],"closing":[234],"in,":[235],"thoughts":[238],"school,":[240],"queen,":[241],"country":[243],"assegais":[246],"fall.":[247],"Yet":[248],"there":[249],"will":[250,476],"happy":[253],"ending:":[254],"code":[257],"adventure":[261],"story":[262],"rescue":[264],"possible.":[266],"Somewhere":[267],"background":[270],"visual":[273,480],"narrative":[274],"lies":[275],"ethos":[277,523],"task,":[281],"resistance":[282],"spear-waving":[285],"those":[288],"forces":[289],"barbarism":[291],"whose":[293],"suppression":[294],"or":[295,389,402],"benefit":[296],"sacrifice":[298],"made.":[300],"It":[301],"my":[303,473],"intention":[304],"article":[307],"examine":[309],"use":[311],"illustrations":[313,354,501],"both":[316],"historical":[317],"fictional.":[319],"My":[320],"thesis":[321],"that":[323,419],"repetition":[325],"emphasis,":[327],"vocabulary":[329],"patriotic":[331,500],"images":[332],"was":[333,433,562,605,619,624,642,652,655],"developed":[334],"exploited,":[336],"which":[337,491,512,604,618],"generation":[340],"British":[342,567],"males":[343],"dramatized":[344],"Empire.":[348],"primary":[350],"motifs":[351],"these":[353],"[End":[355,372],"Page":[356,373],"31]":[357],"Click":[358],"larger":[360],"view":[361],"View":[362],"full":[363],"resolution":[364],"Figure":[365],"1.":[366],"(1893-94):":[370],"frontispiece.":[371],"32]":[374],"defined":[375],"manhood,":[376],"race,":[377],"individual":[379],"action:":[380],"manhood":[381],"shown":[382],"heroics":[385],"courageous":[387],"brave":[390],"frontiersmen;":[391],"lessons":[392],"race":[394],"demonstrated":[395],"examples":[398],"barbarous":[400],"uncivilized":[403],"Dutchmen;":[404],"complicated":[407],"relationship":[408,432],"between":[409,435],"choice":[410],"duty":[412],"set":[413],"forth":[414],"insistent":[417],"expectation":[418],"wars":[421],"led":[424],"games":[427],"war.":[429],"close":[431],"established":[434],"world":[437,442],"boys":[439,645],"men.":[444],"Previous":[445],"studies":[446],"have":[447],"concentrated":[448],"fiction":[451],"magazines,":[455],"message":[460],"such":[462],"writers":[463],"G.":[465],"A.":[466],"Henty":[467],"(Turnbaugh;":[468],"James;":[469],"Dunae,":[470],"\"Boys'":[471],"Literature\");":[472],"focus":[474],"here":[475],"rather":[481],"than":[482],"narrative,":[484],"specifically":[486],"ways":[489,510],"exploited":[494],"iconography":[496],"power.":[498],"whole":[504],"provide":[505],"example":[507],"ideology":[513,634],"translated":[515],"into":[516],"accessible":[518],"though":[519],"code.":[521],"almost":[525],"exclusively":[526],"masculinewomen":[527],"noticeable":[529],"only":[530],"absence.":[533],"Glory,":[534],"strength,":[535],"violence":[537],"made":[539],"meaningful,":[542],"yet":[543],"rendered":[544],"innocent":[545],"boyish":[547],"high":[548],"spirits.":[549],"program":[551],"social":[554,568],"reproduction":[555],"aggressive":[557],"virility.":[558],"I":[559],"\"Popular\"":[560],"imperialism":[561,636],"dominant":[564],"force":[565],"life":[569],"during":[570],"twenty-five":[572],"years":[573],"before":[574],"First":[576],"World":[577],"War;":[578],"it":[579],"pervaded":[580],"public":[581],"consciousness":[582],"through":[583],"dozen":[585],"media":[586],"(MacKenzie":[587],"15-38).":[588],"magazines":[591],"general":[593],"reflected":[594],"doctrine":[597],"faithfully;":[598],"even":[599],"Boy's":[601],"Own":[602,614],"Paper,":[603],"guided":[606],"strong":[609],"evangelical":[610],"tradition":[611],"(Duane,":[612],"\"Boy's":[613],"Paper\"":[615],"123-32)":[616],"usually":[620],"hostile":[621],"militarism,":[623],"careful":[625],"support":[627],"England's":[628],"place":[629],"world.":[632],"(see,":[637],"instance,":[639],"Field":[640],"83-117)":[641],"announced":[643],"straightforward":[647],"obvious":[649],"terms:":[650],"might":[651],"right,":[653],"England":[654],"strong,":[656],"what":[657],"she":[658,660],"had":[659],"held.":[661],"moral":[663],"justifications":[664],"followed":[665],"behind,":[666],"with":[667],"bringing":[669],"Christ":[671],"pagans":[674],"imposition":[677],"law":[679],"unruly.":[682],"After":[683],"the...":[684]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":39}],"updated_date":"2026-09-09T07:26:56.047234","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
