{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083905488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","title":"Comparative Pre\u2010floral Growth of Flue\u2010cured Tobacco in Field and Controlled Environments1","display_name":"Comparative Pre\u2010floral Growth of Flue\u2010cured Tobacco in Field and Controlled Environments1","publication_year":1978,"publication_date":"1978-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083905488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","mag":"2083905488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139950591","display_name":"Agronomy Journal","issn_l":"0002-1962","issn":["0002-1962","1072-9623","1435-0645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038563053","display_name":"Robin W. Flynt","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin W. Flynt","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036348246","display_name":"C. David Raper","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. David Raper","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047052297","display_name":"Emory K. York","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emory K. York","raw_affiliation_strings":["Former student research assistant, associate professor, and agriculture research technician, Dep. of Soil Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27607"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Former student research assistant, associate professor, and agriculture research technician, Dep. of Soil Science, North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh, NC 27607","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"70","issue":"4","first_page":"555","last_page":"559"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.7056000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.7056000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.14100000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11268","display_name":"Light effects on plants","score":0.07249999791383743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flue-cured-tobacco","display_name":"flue-cured tobacco","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nicotiana-tabacum","display_name":"tobacco","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phytotron","display_name":"phytotron","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetically-active-radiation","display_name":"photosynthetically active radiation","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shading","display_name":"shading","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-growth-rate","display_name":"relative growth rate","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area","display_name":"leaf area","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-height","display_name":"stem height","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponential-phase","display_name":"exponential growth phase","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-temperature-variation","display_name":"seasonal temperature variation","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-biomass","display_name":"dry biomass","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777692458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310793","display_name":"Relative growth rate","level":3,"score":0.6922630071640015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177515723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1191981","display_name":"Shading","level":2,"score":0.6646310687065125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778312390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4139973","display_name":"Growth rate","level":2,"score":0.5960081815719604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781205006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181095","display_name":"Nicotiana tabacum","level":3,"score":0.5695636868476868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777802827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2556382","display_name":"Phytotron","level":2,"score":0.5441256165504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.5264405012130737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122519844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5194754","display_name":"Curing of tobacco","level":2,"score":0.5140841603279114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131366478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900892","display_name":"Photosynthetically active radiation","level":3,"score":0.5056452751159668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019666931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1566","display_name":"Tobacco leaf","level":2,"score":0.451747864484787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25989453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446746","display_name":"Leaf area index","level":2,"score":0.42915600538253784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.40202227234840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.39146342873573303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.37182891368865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3714253902435303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2957580089569092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.14502263069152832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.07268360257148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1978.00021962007000040009x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S139950591","display_name":"Agronomy Journal","issn_l":"0002-1962","issn":["0002-1962","1072-9623","1435-0645"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Agronomy Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.6875,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1990635097","https://openalex.org/W2101761879","https://openalex.org/W2012419976","https://openalex.org/W2017619478","https://openalex.org/W1977087411","https://openalex.org/W2072896751","https://openalex.org/W3151054334","https://openalex.org/W1966663465","https://openalex.org/W2313283284","https://openalex.org/W1760331352"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"The":[1,23,107],"use":[2],"of":[3,15,25,49,83,87,135,168,225,237,259,285,301,312,322,336,359,373],"controlled\u2010environment":[4],"facilities":[5],"in":[6,18,57,67,75,94,104,110,125,174,206,294,304,325,333,345,355,364,377],"agronomic":[7],"research":[8],"has":[9],"raised":[10],"questions":[11],"about":[12],"the":[13,45,76,78,95,105,111,126,141,157,179,217,223,254,273,280,295,310,319,326,334,346,352,356,371,374,378],"comparability":[14],"plant":[16],"growth":[17,47,68,96,127,142,154,159,175,186,193,207,230,236,252,256,278,282,347,365],"controlled":[19],"and":[20,34,38,59,90,98,100,137,151,170,189,228,233,340],"field":[21,58,112,232,275,305,327,339],"environments.":[22,61],"objective":[24],"this":[26],"study":[27,79],"was":[28,113,145,162,202,210,239,289],"to":[29,212,245,264,292,315,318,330,369],"compare":[30],"leaf":[31,33,191,226],"area,":[32],"stem":[35,39],"dry":[36],"weights,":[37],"height":[40,343],"at":[41,132,178,253,268,279,349],"several":[42],"intervals":[43],"during":[44],"exponential":[46,158],"phase":[48],"tobacco":[50],"plants":[51,129],"(Nicotiana":[52],"tabacum":[53],"L.":[54],"\u2018NC":[55],"2326\u2019)":[56],"phytotron":[60],"Since":[62],"photosynthetically":[63],"active":[64],"radiation":[65],"(PAR)":[66],"rooms":[69,97,348],"usually":[70,243],"is":[71,307,367],"less":[72],"than":[73,267,329],"occurs":[74],"field,":[77,357],"included":[80],"a":[81,203,331],"range":[82],"accumulated":[84],"daily":[85],"PAR":[86,109,123,150,166,209,258,284,302,360],"11.4,":[88],"17.9,":[89],"25.0":[91,171,260],"E":[92,102,172,214,261,270,287],"m\u22122day\u22121":[93,103,173,262,271,288],"24.9":[99,269],"42.2":[101],"field.":[106,379],"lower":[108],"obtained":[114],"by":[115],"shading":[116],"with":[117],"open":[118],"mesh":[119],"fabric.":[120],"For":[121],"each":[122],"level":[124],"rooms,":[128,143],"were":[130,219],"grown":[131],"day/night":[133],"temperatures":[134],"22/18":[136],"26/22":[138],"C.":[139],"In":[140,222],"there":[144,161],"not":[146,244],"an":[147],"interaction":[148],"between":[149,165,231,338],"temperature":[152,323,375],"on":[153,309],"characteristics.":[155],"During":[156],"phase,":[160],"little":[163],"difference":[164,332,363],"levels":[167],"17.9":[169],"characteristics":[176],"measured":[177],"five":[180],"individual":[181],"sample":[182],"dates":[183],"or":[184],"relative":[185,190],"rate":[187,194,353],"(RGR)":[188],"area":[192,229],"(RLGR)":[195],"calculated":[196],"over":[197],"all":[198],"sampling":[199],"dates.":[200],"There":[201],"consistent":[204],"reduction":[205],"when":[208],"reduced":[211],"11.4":[213,286],"m\u22122day\u22121,":[215],"although":[216],"differences":[218],"seldom":[220],"significant.":[221],"comparisons":[224],"weight":[227],"phytotron\u2010grown":[234],"plants,":[235],"leaves":[238],"generally":[240],"enhanced,":[241],"though":[242],"significant":[246],"levels,":[247],"for":[248,272],"full":[249],"sunlight.":[250],"However,":[251],"maximum":[255],"room":[257,283],"tended":[263],"be":[265,316,370],"greater":[266],"shaded":[274,296],"plots.":[276,297],"Leaf":[277],"lowest":[281],"nearly":[290,350],"identical":[291],"that":[293],"This":[298,362],"apparent":[299],"inefficiency":[300],"utilization":[303],"plots":[306],"postulated,":[308],"basis":[311],"other":[313],"experimentation,":[314],"due":[317],"seasonal":[320],"pattern":[321],"variations":[324,376],"rather":[328],"quality":[335],"light":[337],"phytotron.":[341],"Stem":[342],"increased":[344],"twice":[351],"as":[354],"regardless":[358],"level.":[361],"also":[366],"postulated":[368],"result":[372]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}