{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2083736005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1385404049052421","title":"Influence of Age, Sex, and Education on the Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) In a Healthy Normal Elderly Population","display_name":"Influence of Age, Sex, and Education on the Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) In a Healthy Normal Elderly Population","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2083736005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1385404049052421","mag":"2083736005","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15739810"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/1385404049052421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1385404049052421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1385404049052421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25741891","display_name":"The Clinical Neuropsychologist","issn_l":"0920-1637","issn":["0920-1637","1385-4046","1744-4144"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Clinical Neuropsychologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016955378","display_name":"Ixchel Herrera\u2010Guzm\u00e1n","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124576","display_name":"Institut Municipal d'Assist\u00e8ncia Sanit\u00e0ria","ror":"https://ror.org/02trgd202","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124576","https://openalex.org/I4210133106"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210130874","display_name":"Hospital Del Mar","ror":"https://ror.org/03a8gac78","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210130874"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. Herrera-Guzm\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Municipal d' Assistencia Sanit\u00e0ria, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Behavioral Neurology, Department of Neurology, Hospital del Mar, Institut Municipal d' Assistencia Sanit\u00e0ria, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124576","https://openalex.org/I4210130874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089214766","display_name":"Jordi Pe\u00f1a\u2010Casanova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1019-1536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1019-1536"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Pe\u00f1a-Casanova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Behavioral Neurology, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Behavioral Neurology, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082245964","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Pablo Lara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2015-7385","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2015-7385"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. P. Lara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Human Neuro physiology, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Human Neuro physiology, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012736573","display_name":"Esteve Gudayol\u2010Ferr\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7108-0536","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7108-0536"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Gudayol-Ferr\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Behavioral Neurology, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Behavioral Neurology, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108742338","display_name":"Peter B\u00f6hm","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7186-1997","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7186-1997"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. B\u00f6hm","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Behavioral Neurology, Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Behavioral Neurology, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5997,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84673113,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"3","first_page":"385","last_page":"394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14434","display_name":"Historical and Modern Theater Studies","score":0.3402999937534332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14434","display_name":"Historical and Modern Theater Studies","score":0.3402999937534332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.25609999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12848","display_name":"Psychological Testing and Assessment","score":0.13379999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-perception","display_name":"visual perception","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-object-perception","display_name":"visual object perception","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-space-perception","display_name":"visual perception of space","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-effects","display_name":"age effects","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-values","display_name":"reference values","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthy-older-adults","display_name":"healthy older adults","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spanish-population","display_name":"Spanish population","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-aging","display_name":"cognitive aging","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6318139433860779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6179114580154419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5936718583106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5824564695358276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.500800371170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4739632308483124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.47046956419944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.4293842911720276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.40491825342178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.23778674006462097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1835174858570099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.163539856672287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1395692527294159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.1016613245010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000704","descriptor_name":"Analysis of Variance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003431","descriptor_name":"Cross-Cultural Comparison","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004522","descriptor_name":"Educational Status","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005783","descriptor_name":"Gender Identity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009483","descriptor_name":"Neuropsychological Tests","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013028","descriptor_name":"Space Perception","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/1385404049052421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1385404049052421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1385404049052421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S25741891","display_name":"The Clinical Neuropsychologist","issn_l":"0920-1637","issn":["0920-1637","1385-4046","1744-4144"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Clinical Neuropsychologist","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15739810","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15739810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Clinical neuropsychologist","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8710794","https://openalex.org/W177657572","https://openalex.org/W1587446054","https://openalex.org/W1590591601","https://openalex.org/W1847168837","https://openalex.org/W1976638730","https://openalex.org/W1982432966","https://openalex.org/W1996853074","https://openalex.org/W2001402034","https://openalex.org/W2003832043","https://openalex.org/W2023580329","https://openalex.org/W2028768126","https://openalex.org/W2045978357","https://openalex.org/W2056975285","https://openalex.org/W2057516925","https://openalex.org/W2068891585","https://openalex.org/W2069240132","https://openalex.org/W2073911408","https://openalex.org/W2074411200","https://openalex.org/W2078341138","https://openalex.org/W2113795339","https://openalex.org/W2117023700","https://openalex.org/W2118535520","https://openalex.org/W2147905923","https://openalex.org/W2166049478","https://openalex.org/W4234125063","https://openalex.org/W4248356130","https://openalex.org/W4299359788","https://openalex.org/W4376142894"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7217810662","https://openalex.org/W2014661281","https://openalex.org/W2028841304","https://openalex.org/W2106281023","https://openalex.org/W1996853074","https://openalex.org/W3205213738","https://openalex.org/W2078341138","https://openalex.org/W3157549806","https://openalex.org/W2913304799","https://openalex.org/W2128241912"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,55,63,99,169,200],"assessment":[1],"of":[2,11,22,66,160,171,192],"visual":[3,39,44,71,87],"perception":[4,40,45,73,89],"and":[5,25,46,58,79,96,115,129,147,165,204],"cognition":[6],"forms":[7],"an":[8,196],"important":[9],"part":[10],"any":[12],"general":[13],"cognitive":[14],"evaluation.":[15],"We":[16],"have":[17,49],"studied":[18],"the":[19,51,83,139,163,172,179,190,193],"possible":[20],"influence":[21],"age,":[23],"sex,":[24],"education":[26],"on":[27],"a":[28,157],"normal":[29,113,126],"elderly":[30,197],"Spanish":[31,198],"population":[32],"(90":[33],"healthy":[34],"subjects)":[35],"in":[36,38,138,176,210],"performance":[37,53],"tasks.":[41],"To":[42],"evaluate":[43],"cognition,":[47],"we":[48],"used":[50],"subjects":[52],"with":[54,112,121,178,206],"Visual":[56],"Object":[57,77,141,166],"Space":[59],"Perception":[60],"Battery":[61],"(VOSP).":[62],"test":[64],"consists":[65],"8":[67],"subtests:":[68],"4":[69,85],"measure":[70,86],"object":[72],"(Incomplete":[74],"Letters,":[75],"Silhouettes,":[76,140,144],"Decision,":[78,142],"Progressive":[80,143],"Silhouettes)":[81],"while":[82],"other":[84],"space":[88],"(Dot":[90],"Counting,":[91],"Position":[92,145],"Discrimination,":[93,146],"Number":[94],"Location,":[95],"Cube":[97,148],"Analysis).":[98],"statistical":[100],"procedures":[101],"employed":[102],"were":[103,131,174],"either":[104],"simple":[105],"or":[106],"multiple":[107],"linear":[108],"regression":[109],"analyses":[110],"(subtests":[111,124],"distribution)":[114],"Mann-Whitney":[116],"tests,":[117],"followed":[118],"by":[119],"ANOVA":[120],"Scheffe":[122],"correction":[123],"without":[125],"distribution).":[127],"Age":[128],"sex":[130],"found":[132,154],"to":[133,155,195],"be":[134,156],"significant":[135,158],"modifying":[136],"factors":[137],"Analysis":[149],"subtests.":[150,168],"Educational":[151],"level":[152],"was":[153],"predictor":[159],"function":[161],"for":[162,189],"Silhouettes":[164],"Decision":[167],"results":[170,201],"sample":[173],"adjusted":[175],"line":[177],"differences":[180],"observed.":[181],"Our":[182],"study":[183],"also":[184],"offers":[185],"preliminary":[186],"normative":[187],"data":[188],"administration":[191],"VOSP":[194],"population.":[199],"are":[202],"discussed":[203],"compared":[205],"similar":[207],"studies":[208],"performed":[209],"different":[211],"cultural":[212],"backgrounds.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}