{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2081926166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749327","title":"A Theory of Water and Ionic Solution, with Particular Reference to Hydrogen and Hydroxyl Ions","display_name":"A Theory of Water and Ionic Solution, with Particular Reference to Hydrogen and Hydroxyl Ions","publication_year":1933,"publication_date":"1933-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2081926166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749327","mag":"2081926166"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1749327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77047749","display_name":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","issn_l":"0021-9606","issn":["0021-9606","1089-7690","1520-9032"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038263762","display_name":"J. D. Bernal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-8439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0104-8439"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. D. Bernal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007308358","display_name":"Ralph Howard Fowler","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. H. Fowler","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cambridge, England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cambridge, England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.9667,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3307,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":1.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"8","first_page":"515","last_page":"548"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14488","display_name":"Chemical and Physical Studies","score":0.4235999882221222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14488","display_name":"Chemical and Physical Studies","score":0.4235999882221222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11177","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Quantum Chemical Studies","score":0.3711000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10962","display_name":"Thermodynamic properties of mixtures","score":0.1404000073671341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-structure","display_name":"water structure","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrolyte-solutions","display_name":"electrolyte solutions","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-ions","display_name":"hydrogen ions","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydroxyl-ions","display_name":"hydroxyl ions","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ice-crystal-structure","display_name":"ice crystal structure","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-density","display_name":"water density","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-liquids","display_name":"molecular liquids","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dielectric-properties-of-water","display_name":"dielectric properties of water","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concentrated-acids","display_name":"concentrated acids","score":0.6850000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2182769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62500","display_name":"Ionic bonding","level":3,"score":0.6727842688560486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145148216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36496","display_name":"Ion","level":2,"score":0.6547248363494873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512968161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556","display_name":"Hydrogen","level":2,"score":0.5093913674354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.49300333857536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179104552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11165","display_name":"Inorganic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.479536771774292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.13917160034179688}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1063/1.1749327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749327","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1749327","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77047749","display_name":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","issn_l":"0021-9606","issn":["0021-9606","1089-7690","1520-9032"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320257","host_organization_name":"American Institute of Physics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Chemical Physics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965314801","https://openalex.org/W1980607538","https://openalex.org/W1989414243","https://openalex.org/W1993978345","https://openalex.org/W2026860243","https://openalex.org/W2053110201","https://openalex.org/W2066098729","https://openalex.org/W2077666506","https://openalex.org/W2093821120","https://openalex.org/W2161336016","https://openalex.org/W2297422337","https://openalex.org/W2312810089","https://openalex.org/W2610918244","https://openalex.org/W2914390789"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981245796","https://openalex.org/W2245247019","https://openalex.org/W6987325417","https://openalex.org/W59852354","https://openalex.org/W4252142149","https://openalex.org/W4417031121","https://openalex.org/W2016022477","https://openalex.org/W1993740275","https://openalex.org/W1735839157","https://openalex.org/W3214473662"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"On":[0],"the":[1,4,7,23,91,110],"basis":[2],"of":[3,6,26,44,57,64,66,76,78,83,104,109,113,122,129,136],"model":[5],"water":[8,27,58,114,123],"molecule":[9],"derived":[10],"from":[11],"spectral":[12],"and":[13,16,28,59,68,85,101,124],"x-ray":[14,48],"data":[15],"a":[17,95],"proposed":[18],"internal":[19],"structure":[20,43],"for":[21,51],"water,":[22],"following":[24,92],"properties":[25,121],"ionic":[29,131],"solutions":[30,77],"have":[31],"been":[32],"deduced":[33],"quantitatively":[34],"in":[35,71,88,94],"good":[36],"agreement":[37],"with":[38],"experiment.":[39],"(1)":[40],"The":[41,47,54,62,74,81,99,107,119,127,134],"crystal":[42],"ice.":[45,60,125],"(2)":[46],"diffraction":[49],"curve":[50],"water.":[52,72,89,105],"(3)":[53],"total":[55],"energy":[56],"(4)":[61],"degree":[63],"hydration":[65],"positive":[67],"negative":[69],"ions":[70,87],"(5)":[73],"heat":[75],"ions.":[79],"(6)":[80],"mobility":[82],"hydrogen":[84],"hydroxyl":[86],"And":[90],"inferred":[93],"qualitative":[96],"way.":[97],"(7)":[98],"density":[100,102],"changes":[103],"(8)":[106],"explanation":[108],"unique":[111],"position":[112],"among":[115],"molecular":[116],"liquids.":[117],"(9)":[118],"dielectric":[120],"(10)":[126],"viscosities":[128,135],"dilute":[130],"solutions.":[132],"(11)":[133],"concentrated":[137],"acids.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":75},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":97},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":105},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":115},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":110},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":101},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":120},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":96},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":77},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":95},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":108},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":88},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":73}],"updated_date":"2026-11-13T13:42:25.865203","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}