{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2081343976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/335045","title":"Effect of Photoperiod and Temperature on Development of Barley","display_name":"Effect of Photoperiod and Temperature on Development of Barley","publication_year":1941,"publication_date":"1941-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2081343976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/335045","mag":"2081343976"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1086/335045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/335045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/335045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192124398","display_name":"Botanical Gazette","issn_l":"0006-8071","issn":["0006-8071","1940-1205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Botanical Gazette","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042354840","display_name":"H. A. Borthwick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. A. Borthwick","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103474418","display_name":"M. W. Parker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. W. Parker","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110777826","display_name":"Peter Heinze","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. H. Heinze","raw_affiliation_strings":[""],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"103","issue":"2","first_page":"326","last_page":"341"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.6762999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10733","display_name":"Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology","score":0.6762999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11268","display_name":"Light effects on plants","score":0.1388999968767166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12834","display_name":"Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation","score":0.07090000063180923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barley","display_name":"barley","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoperiod","display_name":"photoperiod","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-effects","display_name":"temperature effects","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seedling-age","display_name":"seedling age","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-temperature","display_name":"low temperature","score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supplementary-lighting","display_name":"supplemental lighting","score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth-rate","display_name":"plant growth rate","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-yield","display_name":"grain yield","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-number","display_name":"seed number","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-morphology","display_name":"plant morphology","score":0.3269999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55969652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q259028","display_name":"photoperiodism","level":2,"score":0.9108083248138428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1385709","display_name":"Seedling","level":2,"score":0.7914005517959595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6586407423019409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.635384202003479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120579330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52643","display_name":"Day length","level":3,"score":0.5719478130340576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.55025714635849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.5434451699256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101433766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3543263","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","level":2,"score":0.4417971968650818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020454867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16872435","display_name":"Long day","level":3,"score":0.41200998425483704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.34600332379341125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1086/335045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1086/335045","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1086/335045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S192124398","display_name":"Botanical Gazette","issn_l":"0006-8071","issn":["0006-8071","1940-1205"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315672","host_organization_name":"University of Chicago Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315672","https://openalex.org/P4310315690"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Chicago Press","University of Chicago"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Botanical Gazette","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6735000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W655221912","https://openalex.org/W2588679654","https://openalex.org/W3133878264"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2467002761","https://openalex.org/W2475062632","https://openalex.org/W2042115618","https://openalex.org/W2063521690","https://openalex.org/W2502023897","https://openalex.org/W3003133957","https://openalex.org/W2093685457","https://openalex.org/W3097106026","https://openalex.org/W2153949019","https://openalex.org/W7118596164"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1.":[0],"Four":[1],"lots":[2,317,338],"of":[3,13,43,49,85,98,114,120,127,130,170,175,189,193,203,206,226,261,279,345,371],"barley":[4],"seedlings":[5,255],"were":[6,34,75,107,134,145,156,196,201,256,265,274,333,347],"grown":[7,35,267],"on":[8,161,268,287,351],"16-hour":[9,352],"photoperiod":[10,230,301],"to":[11,64,70,147,179,228,258,365],"ages":[12],"5,":[14],"10,":[15],"15,":[16],"and":[17,32,45,67,82,96,109,124,142,151,159,192,199,264,324,343],"20":[18],"days,":[19],"respectively,":[20],"at":[21,58,164,223],"65\u26ac":[22,59],"F.":[23,72],"Each":[24],"lot":[25,106],"was":[26,53,62,122,182,282,293],"then":[27,76],"divided":[28],"into":[29],"three":[30,337],"groups":[31],"all":[33,332],"for":[36,87,167],"another":[37],"week":[38,57,260],"under":[39],"the":[40,56,68,79,94,99,117,128,131,168,171,186,190,194,204,219,221,224,231,233,245,253,277,288,316,359,366,369],"same":[41],"conditions":[42],"light":[44],"photoperiod.":[46,353],"One":[47],"group":[48,144],"each":[50,105,121,140],"lot,":[51],"however,":[52],"continued":[54],"during":[55,244],"F.,":[60,66],"one":[61],"transferred":[63],"45\u26ac":[65],"third":[69],"35\u26ac":[71],"The":[73,111,248,297,321,355],"plants":[74,103,138,298,330,350,370],"removed":[77],"from":[78,104,139,177,216,240,349,358],"control":[80],"rooms":[81],"transplanted":[83],"out":[84],"doors":[86],"final":[88],"differential":[89],"photoperiodic":[90,360],"treatment.":[91],"2.":[92],"At":[93,184],"beginning":[95],"end":[97],"temperature":[100,143,242,263,272,281],"treatments":[101,361],"representative":[102],"photographed":[108],"dissected.":[110],"total":[112],"number":[113,205,342],"nodes":[115],"in":[116,212,236,328,341],"main":[118,132],"axis":[119],"determined,":[123,198],"enlarged":[125],"photographs":[126],"terminals":[129],"axes":[133],"made.":[135],"3.":[136],"Ten":[137],"age":[141],"subjected":[146,257],"12,-":[148],"16-,":[149,322],"20-,":[150,323],"24-hour":[152,325],"photoperiods":[153,163,326],"after":[154],"they":[155,310],"moved":[157],"outside":[158],"remained":[160],"these":[162,336],"natural":[165],"temperatures":[166],"duration":[169],"experiment.":[172],"4.":[173],"Number":[174],"days":[176],"planting":[178],"awn":[180,213,237],"emergence":[181,214,238],"determined.":[183],"maturity":[185],"dry":[187,313],"weights":[188],"tops":[191],"grain":[195],"also":[197],"counts":[200],"made":[202],"seeds":[207],"per":[208],"plant.":[209],"5.":[210],"Delay":[211,235],"resulted":[215,239,327],"12-hour":[217,269,300],"photoperiod;":[218],"younger":[220],"seedling":[222,246],"time":[225],"transfer":[227],"this":[229],"greater":[232],"delay.":[234],"low":[241,262,280],"applied":[243],"stage.":[247],"greatest":[249],"delay":[250],"occurred":[251],"when":[252],"youngest":[254],"a":[259,305],"subsequently":[266],"photoperiods.":[270,320],"Typical":[271],"after-effects":[273],"not":[275,303],"observed;":[276],"influence":[278,367],"expressed":[283],"through":[284],"its":[285],"effect":[286],"growth":[289],"rate":[290],"while":[291],"it":[292],"being":[294],"applied.":[295],"6.":[296],"receiving":[299,318],"did":[302],"produce":[304],"single":[306],"fertile":[307],"seed,":[308],"but":[309,331],"produced":[311],"more":[312],"weight":[314,344],"than":[315],"longer":[319],"lighter":[329],"fertile.":[334],"Among":[335],"best":[339],"yields":[340],"seed":[346],"obtained":[348],"7.":[354],"differences":[356],"resulting":[357],"have":[362],"been":[363],"attributed":[364],"upon":[368],"low-intensity":[372],"supplemental":[373],"light.":[374]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
