{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2080806319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","title":"An appraisal of cognitive therapy.","display_name":"An appraisal of cognitive therapy.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2080806319","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","mag":"2080806319","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8473574"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118719888","display_name":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology","issn_l":"0022-006X","issn":["0022-006X","1939-2117"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037484112","display_name":"Clive J. Robins","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clive J. Robins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083493895","display_name":"Adele M. Hayes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3023-7749","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3023-7749"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adele M. Hayes","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.3465,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":104,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98613596,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"2","first_page":"205","last_page":"214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.5390999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10853","display_name":"Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes","score":0.5390999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10214","display_name":"Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications","score":0.2858999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13272","display_name":"Psychological Treatments and Assessments","score":0.1639000028371811,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-therapy","display_name":"cognitive therapy","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-cognitive-therapy","display_name":"history of cognitive therapy","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanisms-of-change","display_name":"mechanisms of change","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychotherapy-development","display_name":"psychotherapy development","score":0.6420000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6914782524108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.5997429490089417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5929633378982544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779477915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13693745","display_name":"Cognitive therapy","level":3,"score":0.5116887092590332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3647846281528473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.19631829857826233}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000223","descriptor_name":"Adaptation, Psychological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001008","descriptor_name":"Anxiety Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001008","descriptor_name":"Anxiety Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003866","descriptor_name":"Depressive Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005544","descriptor_name":"Forecasting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010043","descriptor_name":"Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010469","descriptor_name":"Perceptual Distortion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010553","descriptor_name":"Personality Development","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011369","descriptor_name":"Professional-Patient Relations","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013850","descriptor_name":"Thinking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015928","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Behavioral Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015928","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Behavioral Therapy","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006x.61.2.205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118719888","display_name":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology","issn_l":"0022-006X","issn":["0022-006X","1939-2117"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1037//0022-006x.61.2.205","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.61.2.205","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-006x.61.2.205","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118719888","display_name":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology","issn_l":"0022-006X","issn":["0022-006X","1939-2117"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-a","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320262","host_organization_name":"American Psychological Association","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320262"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Psychological Association"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8473574","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8473574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of consulting and clinical psychology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9476000070571899,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":91,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W245866","https://openalex.org/W9367574","https://openalex.org/W61069558","https://openalex.org/W77146434","https://openalex.org/W112789028","https://openalex.org/W142642070","https://openalex.org/W194367414","https://openalex.org/W196311308","https://openalex.org/W199527941","https://openalex.org/W199743680","https://openalex.org/W213417050","https://openalex.org/W338290494","https://openalex.org/W361338111","https://openalex.org/W410744461","https://openalex.org/W560066507","https://openalex.org/W599194056","https://openalex.org/W638707775","https://openalex.org/W640089215","https://openalex.org/W647316481","https://openalex.org/W1516717203","https://openalex.org/W1519881551","https://openalex.org/W1532394360","https://openalex.org/W1533503858","https://openalex.org/W1535732550","https://openalex.org/W1560535222","https://openalex.org/W1567632734","https://openalex.org/W1589251200","https://openalex.org/W1595909329","https://openalex.org/W1635954146","https://openalex.org/W1713385131","https://openalex.org/W1777257223","https://openalex.org/W1787738755","https://openalex.org/W1805181178","https://openalex.org/W1886175971","https://openalex.org/W1924616380","https://openalex.org/W1949683428","https://openalex.org/W1966458487","https://openalex.org/W1968834821","https://openalex.org/W1971051504","https://openalex.org/W1975922372","https://openalex.org/W1980363440","https://openalex.org/W1980803555","https://openalex.org/W1984467280","https://openalex.org/W1986984665","https://openalex.org/W1987151324","https://openalex.org/W1996575878","https://openalex.org/W1996888806","https://openalex.org/W2000261956","https://openalex.org/W2005037674","https://openalex.org/W2007176983","https://openalex.org/W2010155608","https://openalex.org/W2010769412","https://openalex.org/W2015018785","https://openalex.org/W2016137675","https://openalex.org/W2017925175","https://openalex.org/W2018203628","https://openalex.org/W2023784168","https://openalex.org/W2033786564","https://openalex.org/W2043100891","https://openalex.org/W2047588636","https://openalex.org/W2049465598","https://openalex.org/W2052376693","https://openalex.org/W2057706334","https://openalex.org/W2058557760","https://openalex.org/W2066051417","https://openalex.org/W2066211591","https://openalex.org/W2068181323","https://openalex.org/W2078283303","https://openalex.org/W2080628492","https://openalex.org/W2084943155","https://openalex.org/W2085915893","https://openalex.org/W2088225617","https://openalex.org/W2094093745","https://openalex.org/W2111567993","https://openalex.org/W2115999015","https://openalex.org/W2124464326","https://openalex.org/W2131667042","https://openalex.org/W2136805667","https://openalex.org/W2148579870","https://openalex.org/W2152462550","https://openalex.org/W2157735838","https://openalex.org/W2165864909","https://openalex.org/W2169217816","https://openalex.org/W2205831369","https://openalex.org/W2402441072","https://openalex.org/W2413036072","https://openalex.org/W2477548852","https://openalex.org/W2789663792","https://openalex.org/W2909039790","https://openalex.org/W2966480529","https://openalex.org/W4231057809"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4300747457","https://openalex.org/W2044597683","https://openalex.org/W1909390070","https://openalex.org/W2080148351","https://openalex.org/W2132833392","https://openalex.org/W2038747919","https://openalex.org/W104894622","https://openalex.org/W4252299860","https://openalex.org/W3035341045","https://openalex.org/W2010769412"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"review":[1,80],"describes":[2],"the":[3,12,41,59],"development":[4],"of":[5,25,31,38,47,58],"cognitive":[6],"therapy":[7,60,77],"(CT)":[8],"for":[9,85],"depression":[10],"in":[11,29,64],"1960s":[13],"and":[14,16,36,56,70],"1970s":[15],"its":[17],"application":[18],"to":[19,66,75],"diverse":[20],"clinical":[21],"populations.":[22],"The":[23,45,79],"question":[24],"how":[26],"CT":[27,48],"works,":[28],"terms":[30],"both":[32],"active":[33],"therapeutic":[34],"ingredients":[35],"mechanisms":[37],"change":[39],"within":[40],"individual,":[42],"is":[43],"addressed.":[44],"limitations":[46,69],"are":[49],"discussed,":[50],"as":[51,53],"well":[52],"recent":[54],"developments":[55],"modifications":[57],"that":[61,71],"have":[62],"evolved":[63],"response":[65],"these":[67],"perceived":[68],"bring":[72],"it":[73],"closer":[74],"other":[76],"approaches.":[78],"concludes":[81],"with":[82],"some":[83],"directions":[84],"future":[86],"research.":[87]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}