{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2079579727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fpa.12058","title":"Information, Commitment, and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905","display_name":"Information, Commitment, and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2079579727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fpa.12058","mag":"2079579727"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/fpa.12058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fpa.12058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fpa.12058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142883598","display_name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","issn_l":"1743-8586","issn":["1743-8586","1743-8594"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047478113","display_name":"Philip Streich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177881444","display_name":"Pomona College","ror":"https://ror.org/0074grg94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177881444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Streich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pomona College"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pomona College","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177881444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025938148","display_name":"Jack S. Levy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-9088","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-9088"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jack S. Levy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rutgers, University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rutgers, University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4320,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4320},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96303948,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"n/a","last_page":"n/a"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.8988999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.8988999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14032","display_name":"History and International Relations","score":0.05790000036358833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13369","display_name":"European and Russian Geopolitical Military Strategies","score":0.009800000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/russo-japanese-war","display_name":"Russo-Japanese War","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-asymmetry","display_name":"information asymmetry","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commitment-problem","display_name":"commitment problem","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/war-onset","display_name":"war onset","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misunderstanding","display_name":"misunderstanding","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-power","display_name":"relative power","score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resolve","display_name":"resolve","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-biases","display_name":"psychological biases","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-flow","display_name":"information flow","score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/military-decision-making","display_name":"military decision-making","score":0.3659999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5201892852783203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93377909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181648","display_name":"Foreign policy","level":3,"score":0.44092857837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.4209924340248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29595303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165650","display_name":"Media studies","level":1,"score":0.39826154708862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.37545397877693176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.3306864798069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.27547240257263184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2550710439682007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.10690438747406006}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/fpa.12058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fpa.12058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/fpa.12058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142883598","display_name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","issn_l":"1743-8586","issn":["1743-8586","1743-8594"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Foreign Policy Analysis","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:open-archive.highwire.org:fpa:12/4/489","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://fpa.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/12/4/489","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406923041","display_name":"HighWire Press Open Archive","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"TEXT"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.7297000288963318,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W157105190","https://openalex.org/W281234447","https://openalex.org/W560982143","https://openalex.org/W567103839","https://openalex.org/W576365642","https://openalex.org/W577192858","https://openalex.org/W581795330","https://openalex.org/W607518893","https://openalex.org/W626913255","https://openalex.org/W653827868","https://openalex.org/W1046563626","https://openalex.org/W1497943335","https://openalex.org/W1566561834","https://openalex.org/W1568474794","https://openalex.org/W1570419401","https://openalex.org/W1598790566","https://openalex.org/W1789764544","https://openalex.org/W1972514283","https://openalex.org/W1984101915","https://openalex.org/W1990453195","https://openalex.org/W2009097643","https://openalex.org/W2009879474","https://openalex.org/W2023731726","https://openalex.org/W2026115297","https://openalex.org/W2029133583","https://openalex.org/W2032251615","https://openalex.org/W2045769673","https://openalex.org/W2047156377","https://openalex.org/W2050041781","https://openalex.org/W2051718275","https://openalex.org/W2065922012","https://openalex.org/W2069406757","https://openalex.org/W2083535847","https://openalex.org/W2094787660","https://openalex.org/W2095510538","https://openalex.org/W2105555182","https://openalex.org/W2109312871","https://openalex.org/W2118613808","https://openalex.org/W2118992575","https://openalex.org/W2121654949","https://openalex.org/W2127492778","https://openalex.org/W2144867725","https://openalex.org/W2159825116","https://openalex.org/W2162358595","https://openalex.org/W2164166560","https://openalex.org/W2166897901","https://openalex.org/W2168335330","https://openalex.org/W2236193304","https://openalex.org/W2312918482","https://openalex.org/W2314762899","https://openalex.org/W2327188945","https://openalex.org/W2329258037","https://openalex.org/W2399852725","https://openalex.org/W2478839816","https://openalex.org/W2479626466","https://openalex.org/W2752099845","https://openalex.org/W2802237140","https://openalex.org/W2910045768","https://openalex.org/W2954266810","https://openalex.org/W4206100809","https://openalex.org/W4211211956","https://openalex.org/W4230025700","https://openalex.org/W4232351022","https://openalex.org/W4234292326","https://openalex.org/W4234703543","https://openalex.org/W4235935640","https://openalex.org/W4240829005","https://openalex.org/W4242506982","https://openalex.org/W4249038172","https://openalex.org/W4252485553","https://openalex.org/W4255544331","https://openalex.org/W4298765841","https://openalex.org/W4299787308","https://openalex.org/W4301809785","https://openalex.org/W4315470976","https://openalex.org/W4319590673","https://openalex.org/W6758131557"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069406757","https://openalex.org/W4416595725","https://openalex.org/W2234584346","https://openalex.org/W2141502047","https://openalex.org/W2366285524","https://openalex.org/W24179606","https://openalex.org/W2243033577","https://openalex.org/W7125424978","https://openalex.org/W828168447","https://openalex.org/W260966848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,20,74],"apply":[1],"a":[2,28,85],"modified":[3],"version":[4],"of":[5,9,14,18,36,53,80,87,102,127],"the":[6,12,15,22,31,34,40,43,77,81,88],"bargaining":[7,138],"model":[8],"war":[10,26],"to":[11,25,63,100,146,155,176],"outbreak":[13],"Russo-Japanese":[16,82],"War":[17,83],"1904\u20131905.":[19],"conceptualize":[21],"informational":[23,37,47,54,105],"path":[24],"as":[27],"two-step":[29],"process,":[30,171],"first":[32],"identifying":[33],"sources":[35,52],"asymmetries,":[38],"and":[39,49,61,71,91,104,113,123,130,132,148,151,154,160,172],"second":[41],"specifying":[42],"causal":[44],"linkages":[45],"between":[46,157],"asymmetries":[48,55],"war.":[50],"The":[51],"include":[56],"not":[57],"only":[58],"private":[59],"information":[60,165],"incentives":[62],"misrepresent":[64],"that":[65,76,101,163],"information,":[66],"but":[67],"also":[68],"individual,":[69],"societal,":[70],"governmental-level":[72],"factors.":[73],"argue":[75],"primary":[78],"causes":[79],"involved":[84],"combination":[86],"commitment":[89],"problem":[90],"preventive":[92],"logic":[93],"arising":[94,107],"from":[95,108,120],"Russia's":[96],"growing":[97],"power":[98,112],"relative":[99,111],"Japan,":[103],"problems":[106],"disagreements":[109,116],"about":[110],"resolve.":[114],"These":[115],"arose":[117],"almost":[118],"exclusively":[119],"Russian":[121,137],"political":[122],"military":[124],"leaders'":[125],"underestimation":[126],"Japanese":[128],"capabilities":[129],"resolve,":[131],"they":[133],"generated":[134],"highly":[135],"intransigent":[136],"behavior.":[139],"Russia":[140],"misperceptions":[141],"can":[142],"be":[143],"traced":[144],"primarily":[145],"racial":[147],"cultural":[149],"stereotypes":[150],"psychological":[152],"biases,":[153],"competition":[156],"rival":[158],"domestic":[159],"bureaucratic":[161],"factions":[162],"distorted":[164],"flows,":[166],"created":[167],"an":[168],"incoherent":[169],"decision-making":[170],"sent":[173],"confusing":[174],"signals":[175],"Japan.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}