{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2079089978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","title":"Edward Jackson in 1896: A Man and His Specialty at a Crossroads LIII Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture: Part I","display_name":"Edward Jackson in 1896: A Man and His Specialty at a Crossroads LIII Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture: Part I","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2079089978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","mag":"2079089978","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8862042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50016660","display_name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","issn_l":"0002-9394","issn":["0002-9394","1879-1891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033534773","display_name":"Daniel Myron Albert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-5161","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7891-5161"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"DANIEL M. ALBERT","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53792, USA. Albert@eyesee.ophth.wisc.edu","Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53792, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53792, USA. Albert@eyesee.ophth.wisc.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison 53792, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033534773"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":{"value":4300,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4300},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.35193211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"122","issue":"4","first_page":"469","last_page":"475"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.4894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.4894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13735","display_name":"History of Medical Practice","score":0.298799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12990","display_name":"Medical History and Innovations","score":0.20280000567436218,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-academy-of-ophthalmology","display_name":"American Academy of Ophthalmology","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-ophthalmology","display_name":"history of ophthalmology","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmologists","display_name":"ophthalmologists","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-west","display_name":"American West","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-leadership","display_name":"clinical leadership","score":0.39100000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780465443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852061","display_name":"Champion","level":2,"score":0.8295605182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20387591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q930752","display_name":"Specialty","level":2,"score":0.5372291803359985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780027720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7832608","display_name":"Tragedy (event)","level":2,"score":0.4528728723526001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993040252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1358017","display_name":"American medicine","level":2,"score":0.43678978085517883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.4348240792751312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.42712879180908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.42295241355895996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74916050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841090","display_name":"Classics","level":1,"score":0.41392868757247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.3234698474407196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.17812281847000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.08721667528152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.08561450242996216}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009885","descriptor_name":"Ophthalmology","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049672","descriptor_name":"History, 19th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9394(14)72105-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50016660","display_name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","issn_l":"0002-9394","issn":["0002-9394","1879-1891"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Ophthalmology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8862042","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8862042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of ophthalmology","raw_type":"Biography"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1595237986","https://openalex.org/W1980328075","https://openalex.org/W1997618869","https://openalex.org/W1999026255","https://openalex.org/W2005136841","https://openalex.org/W2075664002","https://openalex.org/W2083518691","https://openalex.org/W2088413932","https://openalex.org/W2328011167","https://openalex.org/W2397555055","https://openalex.org/W4233111796"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044223147","https://openalex.org/W2764402851","https://openalex.org/W2051694735","https://openalex.org/W1999026255","https://openalex.org/W634134038","https://openalex.org/W2082243172","https://openalex.org/W350471584","https://openalex.org/W1493169615","https://openalex.org/W2005136841","https://openalex.org/W2110250961"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}