{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078984039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.444130","title":"General description of the wireless miniature NanoWalker robot designed for atomic-scale operations","display_name":"General description of the wireless miniature NanoWalker robot designed for atomic-scale operations","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-10-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078984039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.444130","mag":"2078984039"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.444130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.444130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.444130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032472238","display_name":"Sylvain M. Martel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-9959","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-9959"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvain M. Martel","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT BioInstrumentation Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT BioInstrumentation Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048819181","display_name":"Lorenzo Cervera Olague","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Cervera Olague","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Politecnica de Valencia (Spain)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Politecnica de Valencia (Spain)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010786364","display_name":"Juan Bautista Coves Ferrando","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60053951","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Val\u00e8ncia","ror":"https://ror.org/01460j859","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juan Bautista Coves Ferrando","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. Politecnica de Valencia (Spain)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. Politecnica de Valencia (Spain)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60053951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076850338","display_name":"Stefen Riebel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefen Riebel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Karlsruhe (Germany)","university of Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Karlsruhe (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004200058","display_name":"Torsten Koker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Torsten Koker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Karlsruhe (Germany)","university of Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Karlsruhe (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"university of Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075120930","display_name":"Jeremy Suurkivi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Suurkivi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Saskatchewan (Canada)","Univ. of Saskatchewan, Canada#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Saskatchewan (Canada)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Saskatchewan, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074448635","display_name":"Timothy Fofonoff","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Fofonoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT BioInstrmentation Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT BioInstrmentation Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mark Sherwood","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Sherwood","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Saskatchewan (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Saskatchewan (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Robert Dyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Dyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT BioInstrumentation Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT BioInstrumentation Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064497792","display_name":"Ian W. Hunter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2218-9516","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2218-9516"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ian W. Hunter","raw_affiliation_strings":["MIT BioInstrumentation Lab. (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT BioInstrumentation Lab. (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0215,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89475713,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"4568","issue":null,"first_page":"231","last_page":"231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11525","display_name":"Piezoelectric Actuators and Control","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11525","display_name":"Piezoelectric Actuators and Control","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.008299999870359898,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14089","display_name":"Nanotechnology research and applications","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atomic-manipulation","display_name":"atomic manipulation","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanopositioning","display_name":"nanopositioning","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanning-tunneling-microscope-tip","display_name":"scanning tunneling microscope tip","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processor","display_name":"digital signal processor","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared-communication","display_name":"infrared communication","score":0.7070000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-systems","display_name":"embedded systems","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-robot-control","display_name":"wireless robot control","score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofabrication","display_name":"nanofabrication","score":0.4189999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.7277041673660278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6651240587234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77066764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178674","display_name":"Nanometre","level":2,"score":0.5552769899368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.5038694739341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4925433099269867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.48717278242111206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.46799299120903015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161611012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106370","display_name":"Digital signal processor","level":3,"score":0.4489693343639374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4147580862045288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3948732316493988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3438013792037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3132098615169525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11079862713813782},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09416112303733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1117/12.444130","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.444130","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.444130","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S183492911","display_name":"Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE","issn_l":"0277-786X","issn":["0277-786X","1996-756X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315543","host_organization_name":"SPIE","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SPIE"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SPIE Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publications.polymtl.ca:27218","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publications.polymtl.ca/27218/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401013","display_name":"PolyPublie (\u00c9cole Polytechnique de Montr\u00e9al)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45683168","host_organization_name":"Polytechnique Montr\u00e9al","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45683168"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Martel, S., Cervera Olague, L., Bautista Coves Fernando, J., Riebel, S., Koker, T., Suurkivi, J., Fofonoff, T., Sherwood, M., Dyer, R., & Hunter, I. (2001, October). General description of the wireless miniature NanoWalker robot designed for atomic-scale operations [Paper]. Microrobotics and Microassembly III, Newton, MA, USA.","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053621149","https://openalex.org/W2129688269","https://openalex.org/W2080356350","https://openalex.org/W2133635434","https://openalex.org/W2150972802","https://openalex.org/W2098288982","https://openalex.org/W2055764819","https://openalex.org/W2124685884","https://openalex.org/W2147390012","https://openalex.org/W2010687441"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30,121],"NanoWalker":[1],"is":[2,32],"a":[3,57,63,76,109,115,147],"miniature":[4,148],"wireless":[5],"instrumented":[6],"robot":[7,67],"designed":[8],"for":[9],"high-speed":[10],"autonomous":[11],"operations":[12,107],"down":[13],"to":[14,44,62,97,141],"the":[15,102,134,138],"atomic":[16,103],"scale.":[17],"As":[18],"such,":[19],"it":[20],"requires":[21],"very":[22],"advanced":[23],"electro-mechanical":[24],"specifications":[25],"and":[26,81,105,137],"complex":[27],"embedded":[28,94],"sub-systems.":[29],"locomotion":[31],"based":[33,74],"on":[34,75],"three":[35],"piezo-ceramic":[36],"legs":[37],"that":[38],"are":[39],"modulated":[40],"at":[41,101],"high":[42],"frequencies":[43],"achieve":[45],"several":[46],"thousand":[47],"steps":[48],"per":[49,127],"second":[50],"with":[51],"computer-controlled":[52],"step":[53],"sizes":[54],"ranging":[55],"from":[56],"few":[58,64],"tenths":[59],"of":[60],"nanometers":[61],"micrometers.":[65],"Each":[66],"has":[68,92],"an":[69],"onboard":[70],"48":[71],"MIPS":[72],"computer":[73],"digital":[77],"signal":[78],"processor":[79],"(DSP)":[80],"4":[82],"Mb/s":[83],"half-duplex":[84],"infrared":[85],"communication":[86],"system.":[87],"A":[88],"special":[89],"instrument":[90],"interface":[91],"been":[93],"in":[95],"order":[96],"allow":[98],"positioning":[99],"capability":[100],"scale":[104],"sub-atomic":[106],"within":[108],"200":[110],"nanometer":[111],"surface":[112],"area":[113],"using":[114],"scanning":[116],"tunneling":[117],"microscope":[118],"(STM)":[119],"tip.":[120],"design":[122],"allows":[123],"200,000":[124],"STM-based":[125],"measurements":[126],"second.":[128],"In":[129],"this":[130],"paper,":[131],"we":[132],"describe":[133],"many":[135],"sub-systems":[136],"approaches":[139],"used":[140],"successfully":[142],"integrate":[143],"them":[144],"onto":[145],"such":[146],"robot.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}