{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2078040293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","title":"Mechanisms of Tryptophan Fluorescence Shifts in Proteins","display_name":"Mechanisms of Tryptophan Fluorescence Shifts in Proteins","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2078040293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","mag":"2078040293","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11325713","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1301402"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S0006349501761838/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98085912","display_name":"Biophysical Journal","issn_l":"0006-3495","issn":["0006-3495","1542-0086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S0006349501761838/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005954674","display_name":"James T. Vivian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James T. Vivian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053934024","display_name":"Patrik R. Callis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6050-4206","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6050-4206"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23732399","display_name":"Montana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02w0trx84","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23732399","https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrik R. Callis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23732399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053934024"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23732399"],"apc_list":{"value":3000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3000},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2895,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1535,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97115895,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"80","issue":"5","first_page":"2093","last_page":"2109"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10044","display_name":"Protein Structure and Dynamics","score":0.9810000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11129","display_name":"Photochemistry and Electron Transfer Studies","score":0.008799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1606","display_name":"Physical and Theoretical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11908","display_name":"Protein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence Analysis","score":0.006800000090152025,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tryptophan-fluorescence","display_name":"tryptophan fluorescence","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrostatic-interactions","display_name":"electrostatic interactions","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-hydration","display_name":"protein hydration","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-structure-and-dynamics","display_name":"protein structure and dynamics","score":0.6190000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.7269148826599121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776706248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181003","display_name":"Tryptophan","level":3,"score":0.7143906950950623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.6221356391906738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.6128553152084351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5559327602386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5348227620124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117626034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26336","display_name":"Electrostatics","level":2,"score":0.5318337082862854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59593255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901663","display_name":"Molecular dynamics","level":2,"score":0.46845030784606934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.41400596499443054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87716614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845744","display_name":"Static electricity","level":2,"score":0.4103466272354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147597530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369472","display_name":"Computational chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2796759605407715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2207396924495697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2169492542743683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.10467052459716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.08495533466339111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C515207424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8066","display_name":"Amino acid","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001703","descriptor_name":"Biophysics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004583","descriptor_name":"Electrons","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005453","descriptor_name":"Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006863","descriptor_name":"Hydrogen-Ion Concentration","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008555","descriptor_name":"Melitten","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008836","descriptor_name":"Micrococcal Nuclease","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011487","descriptor_name":"Protein Conformation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012984","descriptor_name":"Software","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013050","descriptor_name":"Spectrometry, Fluorescence","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013381","descriptor_name":"Subtilisins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014364","descriptor_name":"Tryptophan","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014867","descriptor_name":"Water","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016208","descriptor_name":"Databases, Factual","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018360","descriptor_name":"Crystallography, X-Ray","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055592","descriptor_name":"Biophysical Phenomena","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S0006349501761838/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98085912","display_name":"Biophysical Journal","issn_l":"0006-3495","issn":["0006-3495","1542-0086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11325713","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11325713","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biophysical journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1301402","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1301402/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biophys J","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76183-8","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S0006349501761838/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S98085912","display_name":"Biophysical Journal","issn_l":"0006-3495","issn":["0006-3495","1542-0086"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2078040293.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":88,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W335769971","https://openalex.org/W595624220","https://openalex.org/W634625923","https://openalex.org/W650972495","https://openalex.org/W1584817845","https://openalex.org/W1651035972","https://openalex.org/W1709634703","https://openalex.org/W1822618637","https://openalex.org/W1966002815","https://openalex.org/W1967124688","https://openalex.org/W1969591990","https://openalex.org/W1971928992","https://openalex.org/W1972292918","https://openalex.org/W1973747581","https://openalex.org/W1975471035","https://openalex.org/W1976539669","https://openalex.org/W1976600619","https://openalex.org/W1977502080","https://openalex.org/W1982329510","https://openalex.org/W1982414965","https://openalex.org/W1984817373","https://openalex.org/W1987208202","https://openalex.org/W1988041037","https://openalex.org/W1990503930","https://openalex.org/W1991245175","https://openalex.org/W1993442337","https://openalex.org/W1995247567","https://openalex.org/W1998790385","https://openalex.org/W2000521482","https://openalex.org/W2004901445","https://openalex.org/W2008924569","https://openalex.org/W2013164018","https://openalex.org/W2016129286","https://openalex.org/W2017192136","https://openalex.org/W2021534482","https://openalex.org/W2021784059","https://openalex.org/W2027408247","https://openalex.org/W2030058939","https://openalex.org/W2030521155","https://openalex.org/W2030852504","https://openalex.org/W2032718131","https://openalex.org/W2035620824","https://openalex.org/W2035830350","https://openalex.org/W2041141596","https://openalex.org/W2049777816","https://openalex.org/W2050470003","https://openalex.org/W2055442639","https://openalex.org/W2057270145","https://openalex.org/W2058395018","https://openalex.org/W2059428626","https://openalex.org/W2061419044","https://openalex.org/W2063096358","https://openalex.org/W2063685939","https://openalex.org/W2063862235","https://openalex.org/W2065619198","https://openalex.org/W2067387505","https://openalex.org/W2068047339","https://openalex.org/W2068797474","https://openalex.org/W2070529667","https://openalex.org/W2071771845","https://openalex.org/W2072863810","https://openalex.org/W2073637781","https://openalex.org/W2075631363","https://openalex.org/W2077232778","https://openalex.org/W2077446033","https://openalex.org/W2077510801","https://openalex.org/W2078178969","https://openalex.org/W2083747051","https://openalex.org/W2084135044","https://openalex.org/W2086363872","https://openalex.org/W2087152231","https://openalex.org/W2089298986","https://openalex.org/W2106140689","https://openalex.org/W2108453057","https://openalex.org/W2129995310","https://openalex.org/W2130479394","https://openalex.org/W2140467083","https://openalex.org/W2140744089","https://openalex.org/W2148529609","https://openalex.org/W2155646235","https://openalex.org/W2162279862","https://openalex.org/W2172102162","https://openalex.org/W2323178299","https://openalex.org/W2326203395","https://openalex.org/W2950346038","https://openalex.org/W2951900600","https://openalex.org/W3005452978","https://openalex.org/W4211246956"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7099691142","https://openalex.org/W2792104110","https://openalex.org/W166255751","https://openalex.org/W2137902859","https://openalex.org/W2185278713","https://openalex.org/W2017559560","https://openalex.org/W2003535393","https://openalex.org/W2414713480","https://openalex.org/W1998920379","https://openalex.org/W2123361937"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":97},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":104},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":93},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":89},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":106},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":91},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":80},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":73},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":83},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":67},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":72},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":63}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
