{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076894013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2004.836366","title":"50 Years of Engineering and Technology Management","display_name":"50 Years of Engineering and Technology Management","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2076894013","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2004.836366","mag":"2076894013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2004.836366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2004.836366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2004.836366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014192575","display_name":"Albert H. Rubenstein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4690-6591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4690-6591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Rubenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Engineering and Management Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","Int. Appl. Sci. & Technol. Associates (IASTA), Inc, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering and Management Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Int. Appl. Sci. & Technol. Associates (IASTA), Inc, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014192575"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.9748,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96151105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"4","first_page":"407","last_page":"408"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.5586000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14185","display_name":"Research, Science, and Academia","score":0.5586000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13235","display_name":"Management Theory and Practice","score":0.1168999969959259,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.08959999680519104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professionalization","display_name":"professionalization","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postgraduate-degree","display_name":"postgraduate degree","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-associations","display_name":"professional associations","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-management","display_name":"R&D management","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-management","display_name":"technology management","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-the-field","display_name":"history of the field","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.7781753540039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781334022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355523","display_name":"Professionalization","level":2,"score":0.7575644254684448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5988782048225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143219415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1417293","display_name":"Technology management","level":2,"score":0.5865304470062256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.5444841980934143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.5322784185409546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4668448865413666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.3349573016166687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3262360095977783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32341957092285156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.320445716381073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.25610291957855225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08829125761985779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tem.2004.836366","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2004.836366","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2004.836366","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154533451","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","issn_l":"0018-9391","issn":["0018-9391","1558-0040"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","fnege-2","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W229052737","https://openalex.org/W2151004686","https://openalex.org/W2148483670","https://openalex.org/W2159858215","https://openalex.org/W2035413527","https://openalex.org/W2016593356","https://openalex.org/W2140414829","https://openalex.org/W2146249029","https://openalex.org/W4249627554","https://openalex.org/W2321212870"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"I":[0],"am":[1],"using":[2],"the":[3,23,27,32,36,52,61],"combined":[4],"term":[5],"\"Engineering":[6],"and":[7,44,66],"Technology":[8],"Management\"":[9],"(ETM)":[10],"to":[11,68],"describe":[12],"a":[13,57,69],"growing":[14,33],"field":[15],"that":[16],"has":[17],"many":[18],"practitioners":[19],"worldwide.":[20],"One":[21],"of":[22,35,54,72,77],"remarkable":[24],"changes":[25],"over":[26],"past":[28],"five":[29],"decades":[30],"is":[31,51],"professionalization":[34],"field-via":[37],"graduate":[38],"degrees,":[39],"professional":[40],"associations,":[41],"conferences,":[42],"publications,":[43],"systematic":[45],"research":[46],"into":[47],"component":[48],"issues.":[49],"Another":[50],"scope":[53],"ETM":[55],"activities-from":[56],"major":[58],"concentration":[59],"on":[60],"R&D/Technology":[62],"functions":[63,73],"in":[64,74],"industry":[65],"not-for-profits":[67],"broader":[70],"set":[71],"both":[75],"kinds":[76],"organizations.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}