{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076459192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","title":"Why are animals cognitive?","display_name":"Why are animals cognitive?","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2076459192","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","mag":"2076459192","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16781995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S096098220601623X/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128425624","display_name":"Current Biology","issn_l":"0960-9822","issn":["0960-9822","1879-0445"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S096098220601623X/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005167642","display_name":"Richard W. Byrne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9862-9373","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9862-9373"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16835326","display_name":"University of St Andrews","ror":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard W. Byrne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001856747","display_name":"Lucy A. Bates","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-3312","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4746-3312"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16835326","display_name":"University of St Andrews","ror":"https://ror.org/02wn5qz54","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucy A. Bates","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Social Learning and Cognitive Evolution, and Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, Fife KY16 9JP, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16835326"],"apc_list":{"value":7030,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7030},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4368,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91791529,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"R445","last_page":"R448"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.6855000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.6855000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.22519999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.04690000042319298,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-cognition","display_name":"animal cognition","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animal-behavior","display_name":"animal behavior","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-caching","display_name":"food caching","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scrub-jay","display_name":"scrub jay","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition-biology","display_name":"competition (biology)","score":0.4309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-behavior","display_name":"adaptive behavior","score":0.6510000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.663722574710846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6533254384994507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5843242406845093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127576917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q624630","display_name":"Competitor analysis","level":2,"score":0.5663160085678101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.5072569251060486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.49542176723480225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4623154103755951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3736840784549713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23993411660194397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23199665546417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.18846207857131958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.15099439024925232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.13551628589630127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001097","descriptor_name":"Arachnida","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001245","descriptor_name":"Association Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002679","descriptor_name":"Pan troglodytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003299","descriptor_name":"Cooperative Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010311","descriptor_name":"Parrots","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D046093","descriptor_name":"Falconiformes","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D046109","descriptor_name":"Passeriformes","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S096098220601623X/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128425624","display_name":"Current Biology","issn_l":"0960-9822","issn":["0960-9822","1879-0445"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:16781995","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16781995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current biology : CB","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:sro.sussex.ac.uk:82083","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/82083/3/Why%20are%20animals%20cognitive.pdf","pdf_url":"http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/82083/3/Why%20are%20animals%20cognitive.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400129","display_name":"Sussex Research Online (University of Sussex)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162608824","host_organization_name":"University of Sussex","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162608824"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.462.3046","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.462.3046","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://bernardbaars.pbworks.com/f/WhyAnimalsCognitive.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/23466080","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Why_are_animals_cognitive_/23466080","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.05.040","pdf_url":"http://www.cell.com/article/S096098220601623X/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128425624","display_name":"Current Biology","issn_l":"0960-9822","issn":["0960-9822","1879-0445"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Current Biology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2076459192.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6776920","https://openalex.org/W200509275","https://openalex.org/W242949462","https://openalex.org/W1506316233","https://openalex.org/W1586256734","https://openalex.org/W1604373204","https://openalex.org/W1685866933","https://openalex.org/W1963774758","https://openalex.org/W1966335466","https://openalex.org/W1983773368","https://openalex.org/W2005688633","https://openalex.org/W2010931158","https://openalex.org/W2019119294","https://openalex.org/W2035229376","https://openalex.org/W2041897859","https://openalex.org/W2058922221","https://openalex.org/W2063136261","https://openalex.org/W2102042157","https://openalex.org/W2112856399","https://openalex.org/W2143602275","https://openalex.org/W2164176362","https://openalex.org/W2170333515","https://openalex.org/W2186793906","https://openalex.org/W2333196491","https://openalex.org/W2497508487","https://openalex.org/W3023471861","https://openalex.org/W4250489499","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4388250822","https://openalex.org/W4390052859"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2143802488","https://openalex.org/W2024801982","https://openalex.org/W7096516861","https://openalex.org/W2041897859","https://openalex.org/W2163772188","https://openalex.org/W2053492417","https://openalex.org/W2160471363","https://openalex.org/W37393274","https://openalex.org/W1992105040","https://openalex.org/W4367548651"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}