{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076211981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","title":"The Shift to Constructivism in Social Inquiry: Some Pointers for Tourism Studies","display_name":"The Shift to Constructivism in Social Inquiry: Some Pointers for Tourism Studies","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2076211981","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","mag":"2076211981"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764868064","display_name":"Tourism Recreation Research","issn_l":"0250-8281","issn":["0250-8281","2320-0308"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tourism Recreation Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026610235","display_name":"Ke\u0131th Holl\u0131nshead","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4219-9113","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4219-9113"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keith Hollinshead","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Tourism Studies, Luton Business School, University of Luton, Putteridge Bury, Luton, BEDS, LU2 8LE, UK. e-mail: keith.hollinshead@luton.ac.uk"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Tourism Studies, Luton Business School, University of Luton, Putteridge Bury, Luton, BEDS, LU2 8LE, UK. e-mail: keith.hollinshead@luton.ac.uk","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026610235"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.5779,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":93,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96003377,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"2","first_page":"43","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.6488999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10055","display_name":"Diverse Aspects of Tourism Research","score":0.6488999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12880","display_name":"Qualitative Research Methods and Applications","score":0.12620000541210175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12584","display_name":"Hospitality and Tourism Education","score":0.039799999445676804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1409","display_name":"Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructivism","display_name":"constructivism","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretivism","display_name":"interpretivism","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-positivism","display_name":"post-positivism","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-empiricism","display_name":"logical positivism","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-theory","display_name":"critical theory","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-paradigms","display_name":"research paradigms","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism-research","display_name":"tourism research","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hermeneutics","display_name":"hermeneutics","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/worldview","display_name":"worldview","score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-truths","display_name":"multiple truths","score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-worldview","display_name":"Western worldview","score":0.3479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133281099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783023","display_name":"Constructivism (international relations)","level":4,"score":0.7570691108703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92936396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1135710","display_name":"Social constructivism","level":2,"score":0.6918601393699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.651757538318634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5179120898246765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3486063778400421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.3396100401878357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.32792508602142334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.30115488171577454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.19617599248886108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34355311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166542","display_name":"International relations","level":3,"score":0.0855049192905426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07960468530654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2006.11081261","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764868064","display_name":"Tourism Recreation Research","issn_l":"0250-8281","issn":["0250-8281","2320-0308"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","cwts-core","fnege-4","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Tourism Recreation Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":119,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9686387","https://openalex.org/W33202545","https://openalex.org/W55839341","https://openalex.org/W66923748","https://openalex.org/W143437433","https://openalex.org/W148460286","https://openalex.org/W173832280","https://openalex.org/W190373768","https://openalex.org/W219850741","https://openalex.org/W227343439","https://openalex.org/W328012277","https://openalex.org/W331226631","https://openalex.org/W362248100","https://openalex.org/W387615290","https://openalex.org/W412217392","https://openalex.org/W570543911","https://openalex.org/W596791298","https://openalex.org/W818196676","https://openalex.org/W1202399942","https://openalex.org/W1485995441","https://openalex.org/W1487688203","https://openalex.org/W1488155844","https://openalex.org/W1497796029","https://openalex.org/W1515587369","https://openalex.org/W1520387187","https://openalex.org/W1541090037","https://openalex.org/W1543187522","https://openalex.org/W1556001984","https://openalex.org/W1564974500","https://openalex.org/W1597750586","https://openalex.org/W1668377677","https://openalex.org/W1683865227","https://openalex.org/W1707001867","https://openalex.org/W1728275924","https://openalex.org/W1741962272","https://openalex.org/W1842860523","https://openalex.org/W1929134071","https://openalex.org/W1964954597","https://openalex.org/W1967581877","https://openalex.org/W1969711819","https://openalex.org/W1975852998","https://openalex.org/W1979731710","https://openalex.org/W1980676196","https://openalex.org/W1981200118","https://openalex.org/W1984517957","https://openalex.org/W1984645963","https://openalex.org/W1985263026","https://openalex.org/W1999270510","https://openalex.org/W1999717790","https://openalex.org/W2003197066","https://openalex.org/W2008012213","https://openalex.org/W2010105172","https://openalex.org/W2015970988","https://openalex.org/W2023116690","https://openalex.org/W2033952602","https://openalex.org/W2034641284","https://openalex.org/W2045653305","https://openalex.org/W2046649586","https://openalex.org/W2048094221","https://openalex.org/W2057418612","https://openalex.org/W2060085583","https://openalex.org/W2071901846","https://openalex.org/W2074953974","https://openalex.org/W2076491592","https://openalex.org/W2088993495","https://openalex.org/W2089095924","https://openalex.org/W2108221308","https://openalex.org/W2109539043","https://openalex.org/W2111534846","https://openalex.org/W2114133419","https://openalex.org/W2118882740","https://openalex.org/W2130450941","https://openalex.org/W2137040040","https://openalex.org/W2176474987","https://openalex.org/W2239788022","https://openalex.org/W2285005793","https://openalex.org/W2292189621","https://openalex.org/W2297429187","https://openalex.org/W2320692642","https://openalex.org/W2322952024","https://openalex.org/W2324177119","https://openalex.org/W2329395632","https://openalex.org/W2478236232","https://openalex.org/W2479735970","https://openalex.org/W2483782293","https://openalex.org/W2490844499","https://openalex.org/W2506723847","https://openalex.org/W2590402893","https://openalex.org/W2609594750","https://openalex.org/W2752443224","https://openalex.org/W2753533763","https://openalex.org/W2788150372","https://openalex.org/W2911061088","https://openalex.org/W2970188431","https://openalex.org/W2975247854","https://openalex.org/W3037082079","https://openalex.org/W3214356490","https://openalex.org/W4213133971","https://openalex.org/W4232824417","https://openalex.org/W4241306288","https://openalex.org/W4250333146","https://openalex.org/W4255988828","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300600278","https://openalex.org/W4384947739","https://openalex.org/W6616622913","https://openalex.org/W6634010788","https://openalex.org/W6637782689","https://openalex.org/W6644347170","https://openalex.org/W6645443514","https://openalex.org/W6679284383","https://openalex.org/W6768504624","https://openalex.org/W6794105449","https://openalex.org/W6808997056","https://openalex.org/W6813409944","https://openalex.org/W6821665238","https://openalex.org/W7006511964","https://openalex.org/W7061849782","https://openalex.org/W7074635661"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350012831","https://openalex.org/W3035556875","https://openalex.org/W1983760013","https://openalex.org/W2294958312","https://openalex.org/W3135714853","https://openalex.org/W111321932","https://openalex.org/W3191055512","https://openalex.org/W2969404297","https://openalex.org/W2016698625","https://openalex.org/W2028613769"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1,70,149,206],"covers":[2],"the":[3,23,27,33,37,44,72,76,87,91,143,153,162,178,186,205,214],"recent":[4],"widening":[5],"of":[6,26,39,46,61,75,90,125,158,165,180,185,218,221],"options":[7],"in":[8,11,14,17,66,105,140,198,200,213],"human":[9,144],"inquiry":[10],"general":[12],"and":[13,52,101,132,145,182,190,202],"Tourism":[15,40],"Studies":[16,41],"particular.":[18],"It":[19],"argues":[20],"that,":[21],"as":[22,56,228],"epochal":[24],"unity":[25],"Western":[28],"worldview":[29],"currently":[30,139],"de-classifies":[31],"around":[32],"world,":[34],"so":[35],"should":[36],"normalizations":[38],"research.":[42],"Comparing":[43],"strengths":[45],"postpositivist":[47],"(i.e.,":[48,110],"neopositivist),":[49],"critical":[50],"theory,":[51],"constructivist":[53,219],"research":[54],"paradigms":[55],"identified":[57],"by":[58],"a":[59],"host":[60],"lead":[62],"social":[63,189],"science":[64],"commentators":[65],"Cuba":[67],"(1990),":[68],"this":[69],"highlights":[71],"mutual":[73],"exclusives":[74],"three":[77],"approaches,":[78,170],"but":[79],"notes":[80],"that":[81,151,208],"what":[82],"is":[83,138],"believed":[84],"to":[85,226],"be":[86],"enhanced":[88],"fit":[89],"latter":[92],"(\u2018constructivism\u2019":[93],"or":[94,155],"its":[95],"cousin":[96],"approach":[97,225],"\u2018constructionism\u2019)":[98],"for":[99,176],"local":[100],"highly-contextualized":[102],"investigations,":[103],"particularly":[104],"scenarios":[106],"where":[107],"multiple":[108],"\u2018truths\u2019":[109],"worldviews)":[111],"contend":[112],"against":[113],"each":[114],"other.":[115],"Thus,":[116],"ten":[117],"broad":[118],"shifts":[119],"are":[120,123,195,210],"explained":[121],"which":[122,134,194],"representative":[124],"an":[126],"overall":[127],"turn":[128],"towards":[129],"constructivist/interpretivist":[130],"thought":[131],"practice":[133],"many":[135],"observers":[136],"maintain":[137],"motion":[141],"within":[142],"cultural":[146,192],"sciences.":[147],"The":[148],"reveals":[150],"while":[152],"interpretivist":[154],"hermeneutical":[156],"techniques":[157],"constructivism":[159],"seemingly":[160],"lack":[161],"orthodox":[163],"elegance":[164],"conventional":[166],"positivist/neopositivist":[167],"\u2018natural":[168],"science\u2019":[169],"they":[171],"do":[172],"appear":[173],"more":[174],"relevant":[175],"mapping":[177],"kind":[179],"contesting":[181],"changeable":[183],"realities":[184],"differing":[187],"mixed":[188,191],"settings":[193],"increasingly":[196],"encompassed":[197],"encounters":[199],"tourism":[201],"travel.":[203],"Yet":[204],"warns":[207],"there":[209],"inherent":[211],"dangers":[212],"precipitate":[215],"non-critical":[216],"deployment":[217],"lines":[220],"inquiry\u2014a":[222],"still":[223],"adolescent":[224],"inquiry,":[227],"yet.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}