{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2076005569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","title":"Tunable transport gap in narrow bilayer graphene nanoribbons","display_name":"Tunable transport gap in narrow bilayer graphene nanoribbons","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2076005569","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","mag":"2076005569","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23409239","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3570781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/srep01248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep01248.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep01248.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084586099","display_name":"Woo Jong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7399-307X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7399-307X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woo Jong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA","Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019924793","display_name":"Xiangfeng Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4321-6288","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4321-6288"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142207940","display_name":"California NanoSystems Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00q7fqf35","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I154570441","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangfeng Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA","Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA","California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA","Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019924793"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142207940","https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":4.8106,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96188898,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"1248","last_page":"1248"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10083","display_name":"Graphene research and applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10382","display_name":"Quantum and electron transport phenomena","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilayer-graphene-nanoribbons","display_name":"bilayer graphene nanoribbons","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-off-ratio","display_name":"on/off current ratio","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-electric-field","display_name":"vertical electric field","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphene-transistors","display_name":"graphene transistors","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-gap-tuning","display_name":"band gap tuning","score":0.5460000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143401881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4156171","display_name":"Bilayer graphene","level":3,"score":0.8015674352645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30080830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169917","display_name":"Graphene","level":2,"score":0.6431898474693298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140807948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4148055","display_name":"Graphene nanoribbons","level":3,"score":0.63679039478302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6108701825141907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192157962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4087243","display_name":"Bilayer","level":3,"score":0.6097056865692139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26873012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214781","display_name":"Condensed matter physics","level":1,"score":0.5233389735221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181966813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806352","display_name":"Band gap","level":2,"score":0.46314287185668945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188914724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203075","display_name":"Point reflection","level":2,"score":0.4605255722999573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.4458999037742615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4430960416793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.4362894296646118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.41711288690567017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.25794321298599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10363790392875671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.10191890597343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41625074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088","display_name":"Membrane","level":2,"score":0.06913962960243225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006108","descriptor_name":"Graphite","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013696","descriptor_name":"Temperature","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014173","descriptor_name":"Transistors, Electronic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D037742","descriptor_name":"Nanotubes, Carbon","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/srep01248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep01248.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2571457","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3570781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3570781","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3570781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:23409239","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23409239","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/srep01248","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/srep01248","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/srep01248.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2341542563","display_name":"CAREER: Graphene Nanomesh: Band Gap Engineering in Single Layers of Carbon","funder_award_id":"0956171","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6671297155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CAREER","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322349","display_name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2076005569.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2076005569.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974213880","https://openalex.org/W1976966420","https://openalex.org/W1989506279","https://openalex.org/W1989945791","https://openalex.org/W1991809805","https://openalex.org/W1995680094","https://openalex.org/W2006861517","https://openalex.org/W2008848517","https://openalex.org/W2013245345","https://openalex.org/W2021325797","https://openalex.org/W2030677057","https://openalex.org/W2031967415","https://openalex.org/W2034468124","https://openalex.org/W2045845090","https://openalex.org/W2046413565","https://openalex.org/W2051105944","https://openalex.org/W2058122340","https://openalex.org/W2072836371","https://openalex.org/W2075492212","https://openalex.org/W2075568104","https://openalex.org/W2079464401","https://openalex.org/W2083893864","https://openalex.org/W2087638855","https://openalex.org/W2092188263","https://openalex.org/W2098809062","https://openalex.org/W2106906702","https://openalex.org/W2113467957","https://openalex.org/W2119882629","https://openalex.org/W2121500372","https://openalex.org/W2125284466","https://openalex.org/W2134985338","https://openalex.org/W2136334331","https://openalex.org/W2138159532","https://openalex.org/W2165190656","https://openalex.org/W2165729010","https://openalex.org/W2167693325","https://openalex.org/W2170539287","https://openalex.org/W4211172053","https://openalex.org/W4251620221","https://openalex.org/W4252188251"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989945791","https://openalex.org/W2059026822","https://openalex.org/W2062589374","https://openalex.org/W1933107256","https://openalex.org/W2016347813","https://openalex.org/W2049012097","https://openalex.org/W1971895435","https://openalex.org/W1987947991","https://openalex.org/W1872515349","https://openalex.org/W3102103563"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"lack":[1],"of":[2,21,68,100],"a":[3,14,51,109,115],"bandgap":[4],"makes":[5],"bulk":[6],"graphene":[7,25,34,79],"unsuitable":[8],"for":[9,59],"room":[10,123],"temperature":[11],"transistors":[12],"with":[13],"sufficient":[15],"on/off":[16,54,90,97,117],"current":[17,98,118],"ratio.":[18,91],"Lateral":[19],"constriction":[20,71],"charge":[22],"carriers":[23],"in":[24,32,77],"nanostructures":[26],"or":[27],"vertical":[28,73,110],"inversion":[29,74],"symmetry":[30,75],"breaking":[31,76],"bilayer":[33,78,101],"are":[35],"two":[36],"potential":[37],"strategies":[38],"to":[39,48,82,113],"mitigate":[40],"this":[41],"challenge,":[42],"but":[43],"each":[44],"alone":[45],"is":[46],"insufficient":[47],"consistently":[49],"achieve":[50,114],"large":[52],"enough":[53],"ratio":[55,99,119],"(e.g.":[56],">":[57],"1000)":[58],"typical":[60],"logic":[61],"applications.":[62],"Herein":[63],"we":[64],"report":[65],"the":[66,89,96],"combination":[67],"lateral":[69],"carrier":[70],"and":[72,87],"nanoribbons":[80],"(GNRs)":[81],"tune":[83],"their":[84],"transport":[85],"gaps":[86],"improve":[88],"Our":[92],"studies":[93],"demonstrate":[94],"that":[95],"GNRs":[102],"can":[103],"be":[104],"systematically":[105],"increased":[106],"upon":[107],"applying":[108],"electric":[111],"field,":[112],"largest":[116],"over":[120],"3000":[121],"at":[122],"temperature.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}