{"id":"https://openalex.org/W207535130","doi":null,"title":"Frequency of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients.","display_name":"Frequency of retinopathy in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients.","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W207535130","mag":"207535130","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18998309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:18998309","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18998309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090951246","display_name":"Shahid Wahab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-204X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-204X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39727005","display_name":"Dow University of Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01h85hm56","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39727005"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahid Wahab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology, Unit III, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Unit III, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39727005"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101999084","display_name":"Nasir Mahmood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9537-3234","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9537-3234"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasir Mahmood","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012510333","display_name":"Zaman Shaikh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaman Shaikh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111901330","display_name":"Waqar Kazmi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waqar H Kazmi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2298,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7853103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"58","issue":"10","first_page":"557","last_page":"61"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10560","display_name":"Diabetes Management and Research","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"diabetic retinopathy","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/newly-diagnosed-diabetes","display_name":"newly diagnosed diabetes","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prevalence","display_name":"prevalence","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-examination","display_name":"eye examination","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microaneurysms","display_name":"microaneurysms","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinically-significant-macular-edema","display_name":"clinically significant macular edema","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy-screening","display_name":"diabetic retinopathy screening","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9830745458602905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.8042604923248291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.7665592432022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778313320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550455","display_name":"Retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.6869995594024658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.5402403473854065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910068830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","level":3,"score":0.5268722176551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020110884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q695416","display_name":"Outpatient clinic","level":2,"score":0.4967189431190491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527108885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835153","display_name":"Physical examination","level":2,"score":0.44431447982788086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777155141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796207","display_name":"Eye examination","level":3,"score":0.44150909781455994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.4033483564853668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.34247639775276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3393059968948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778257484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555066","display_name":"Visual acuity","level":2,"score":0.12452974915504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.07769647240638733}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003924","descriptor_name":"Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003930","descriptor_name":"Diabetic Retinopathy","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010154","descriptor_name":"Pakistan","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:18998309","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18998309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"JPMA. The Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:207535130","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18998309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W112920094","https://openalex.org/W1889625296","https://openalex.org/W1964042918","https://openalex.org/W1995006312","https://openalex.org/W2020267609","https://openalex.org/W2031484324","https://openalex.org/W2051164043","https://openalex.org/W2083947268","https://openalex.org/W2089709229","https://openalex.org/W2096411768","https://openalex.org/W2107569862","https://openalex.org/W2129091157","https://openalex.org/W2401570230","https://openalex.org/W2733537454","https://openalex.org/W2992932122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546051501","https://openalex.org/W7218075136","https://openalex.org/W2405217222","https://openalex.org/W7169485661","https://openalex.org/W7217434442","https://openalex.org/W6976746419","https://openalex.org/W4353070483","https://openalex.org/W4362550185","https://openalex.org/W7217720346","https://openalex.org/W4322100774"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"To":[1],"determine":[2],"the":[3,34,72,88,102,142,189,204],"frequency":[4,171],"of":[5,37,40,104,106,129,141,162,164,172,191,195,198,206],"retinopathy":[6,98,158,173],"in":[7,71,174,184],"newly":[8,24,175],"diagnosed":[9,25,64,100,176],"type":[10,66,77,165,177,199],"2":[11,67,166,178,200],"diabetes":[12,26,35,167,179,201],"patients.":[13],"METHODS:":[14],"A":[15],"cross":[16],"sectional":[17],"study":[18,127],"was":[19,99,182],"conducted":[20],"on":[21,82,101],"130":[22,130],"consecutive":[23],"patients":[27,131,143,152,181,197],"who":[28,56,75],"received":[29],"out":[30],"patient":[31,91],"care":[32],"at":[33,203],"clinic":[36,48],"Dow":[38],"University":[39],"Health":[41],"Sciences":[42],"(DUHS)":[43],"and":[44,62,120],"one":[45],"private":[46],"diabetic":[47,83,157],"from":[49,87],"June":[50],"2006":[51],"to":[52,155],"December":[53],"2006.":[54],"Patients":[55,74],"were":[57,69,85,144,153],"25":[58],"years":[59],"or":[60],"older":[61],"recently":[63],"as":[65],"diabetics,":[68],"included":[70],"study.":[73,89,186],"had":[76],"I":[78],"diabetes,":[79],"andwere":[80],"already":[81],"medication":[84],"excluded":[86],"Every":[90],"underwent":[92],"a":[93,133],"detailed":[94,192],"eye":[95],"examination.":[96],"Diabetic":[97],"basis":[103],"presence":[105],"lesions":[107],"like":[108],"microaneurysms,":[109],"clinically":[110],"significant":[111],"macular":[112],"oedema":[113],"(CSMO),":[114],"dull":[115],"foveal":[116],"reflex,":[117],"venous":[118],"beading":[119],"occasional":[121],"dot":[122],"blot":[123],"haemorrhages.":[124],"RESULTS:":[125],"The":[126,170],"comprised":[128],"with":[132],"mean":[134],"age":[135],"43.2":[136],"+/-":[137],"10.2":[138],"years,":[139],"66.9%":[140],"males.":[145],"Overall,":[146],"15%":[147],"(95%":[148],"CI":[149],"14.7,":[150],"15.3)":[151],"found":[154],"have":[156],"within":[159],"two":[160],"months":[161],"diagnosis":[163],"mellitus.":[168],"CONCLUSION:":[169],"mellitus":[180,202],"high":[183],"this":[185],"This":[187],"underlines":[188],"importance":[190],"ophthalmic":[193],"examination":[194],"all":[196],"time":[205],"diagnosis.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}