{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075264598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","title":"Physiological Effects of Natural and Artificial Defoliation on the Growth of Young Crops of Lodgepole Pine","display_name":"Physiological Effects of Natural and Artificial Defoliation on the Growth of Young Crops of Lodgepole Pine","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075264598","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","mag":"2075264598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152552278","display_name":"Forestry An International Journal of Forest Research","issn_l":"0015-752X","issn":["0015-752X","1464-3626"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forestry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061769459","display_name":"R. J. BRITTON","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. J. BRITTON","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Edinburgh EH9 3JU, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Edinburgh EH9 3JU, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061769459"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":2889,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":3810},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8056,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80486763,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"2","first_page":"165","last_page":"175"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11691","display_name":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11691","display_name":"Forest Insect Ecology and Management","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11880","display_name":"Forest ecology and management","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1107","display_name":"Forestry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10135","display_name":"Insect-Plant Interactions and Control","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lodgepole-pine","display_name":"lodgepole pine","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defoliation","display_name":"defoliation","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-pine-sawfly","display_name":"European pine sawfly","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neodiprion-sertifer","display_name":"Neodiprion sertifer","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree-growth","display_name":"tree growth","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leaf-area","display_name":"leaf area","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-shoot-ratio","display_name":"root-shoot ratio","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fine-roots","display_name":"fine roots","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fenitrothion","display_name":"fenitrothion","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forest-insect-pests","display_name":"forest insect pests","score":0.3330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776405289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q615290","display_name":"Sawfly","level":3,"score":0.9905145764350891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7353440523147583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.5978933572769165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173758957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129270","display_name":"Larva","level":2,"score":0.5449349880218506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778823381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165091","display_name":"Pinus contorta","level":2,"score":0.5177196860313416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5101185441017151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.48401495814323425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.47892674803733826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22508944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568174","display_name":"PEST analysis","level":2,"score":0.43790918588638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3760845959186554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/61.2.165","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S152552278","display_name":"Forestry An International Journal of Forest Research","issn_l":"0015-752X","issn":["0015-752X","1464-3626"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Forestry","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.8518999814987183},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320332","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2318058601","https://openalex.org/W2025491222","https://openalex.org/W1981912207","https://openalex.org/W2320919208","https://openalex.org/W2068444816","https://openalex.org/W1988577730","https://openalex.org/W2969496853","https://openalex.org/W1996540696","https://openalex.org/W1017222851","https://openalex.org/W2100147567"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Field":[0],"experiments":[1,24],"involving":[2],"naturally":[3],"occurring":[4],"population":[5],"levels":[6],"of":[7,31,47,106,113,123,147],"larval":[8],"European":[9],"pine":[10],"sawfly":[11,102],"Neodiprion":[12],"sertifer":[13],"(Geoff.":[14],")":[15],"and":[16,22,44,50,136],"artificial":[17],"defoliation":[18,32,105],"in":[19,37,98,133,139,156],"both":[20],"field":[21],"glasshouse":[23],"were":[25,55,88,128],"used":[26,151],"to":[27,70,130,152,161],"investigate":[28],"physiological":[29],"effects":[30,87,165],"on":[33,57,75,90,119,166],"lodgepole":[34],"pine.":[35],"Reductions":[36],"total":[38],"projected":[39],"leaf":[40],"area,":[41],"annual":[42],"height":[43],"volume":[45],"increments":[46],"19,":[48],"33":[49],"32":[51],"per":[52,72],"cent,":[53],"respectively,":[54],"recorded":[56],"trees":[58,77,91],"where":[59],"larvae":[60],"had":[61,93],"consumed":[62],"all":[63],"mature":[64],"foliage.":[65],"Leader":[66],"growth":[67,84,169],"was":[68,159],"up":[69],"48":[71],"cent":[73],"less":[74],"defoliated":[76,95,140],"after":[78],"two":[79],"years":[80],"reflecting":[81],"a":[82,99],"delayed":[83],"impact.":[85],"Similar":[86],"found":[89,129,160],"which":[92],"been":[94],"by":[96],"hand":[97],"manner":[100],"resembling":[101],"feeding.":[103],"Artificial":[104],"transplants":[107],"also":[108],"showed":[109],"that":[110],"this":[111],"type":[112],"damage":[114],"can":[115],"have":[116,162],"serious":[117],"consequences":[118],"below-ground":[120],"growth,":[121],"particularly":[122],"fine":[124],"roots.":[125],"Root:shoot":[126],"ratios":[127],"be":[131],"0.64":[132],"undamaged":[134],"plants":[135],"1.":[137],"05":[138],"plants.":[141],"A":[142],"high":[143],"concentration":[144],"(1300":[145],"ppm)":[146],"the":[148,157,167],"insecticide":[149],"fenitrothion,":[150],"maintain":[153],"control":[154],"treatments":[155],"field,":[158],"no":[163],"significant":[164],"major":[168],"parameters":[170],"being":[171],"assessed.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}