{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2075138263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","title":"Low Plasma Cholesterol: A Correlate of Nondiagnosed Celiac Disease in Adults With Hypochromic Anemia","display_name":"Low Plasma Cholesterol: A Correlate of Nondiagnosed Celiac Disease in Adults With Hypochromic Anemia","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2075138263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","mag":"2075138263","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10406254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66441642","display_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","issn_l":"0002-9270","issn":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088927856","display_name":"Carolina Ciacci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7426-1145","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7426-1145"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117450","display_name":"Federico II University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02jr6tp70","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Carolina Ciacci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Gastroenterology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Gastroenterology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045539647","display_name":"Massimo C\u00edrillo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6409-3504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6409-3504"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimo Cirillo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022617992","display_name":"GianMarco Giorgetti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143032","display_name":"St. Eugenio Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03h1gw307","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143032"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gianmarco Giorgetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gastrointestinal Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gastrointestinal Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143032"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072031907","display_name":"Fiorella Alfinito","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117450","display_name":"Federico II University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02jr6tp70","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fiorella Alfinito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Hematology, Federico II University, Naples Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Hematology, Federico II University, Naples Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081083064","display_name":"Annibale Franchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-8387","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-8387"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","display_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","ror":"https://ror.org/02p77k626","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annibale Franchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Hematology, University Tor Vergara, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Hematology, University Tor Vergara, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009510569","display_name":"M. Mazzetti di Pietralata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143032","display_name":"St. Eugenio Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03h1gw307","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143032"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mazzetti M di Pietralata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Gastrointestinal Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Gastrointestinal Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143032"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082110727","display_name":"Gabriele Mazzacca","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117450","display_name":"Federico II University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02jr6tp70","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriele Mazzacca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Gastroenterology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Gastroenterology, Federico II University, Naples, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088927856"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210117450","https://openalex.org/I71267560"],"apc_list":{"value":4390,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4390},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9727,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7588925,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"94","issue":"7","first_page":"1888","last_page":"1891"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11348","display_name":"Celiac Disease Research and Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11348","display_name":"Celiac Disease Research and Management","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11378","display_name":"Gastrointestinal Bleeding Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10276","display_name":"Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/celiac-disease","display_name":"celiac disease","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypochromic-anemia","display_name":"hypochromic anemia","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-cholesterol","display_name":"serum cholesterol","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serum-albumin","display_name":"serum albumin","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/body-mass-index","display_name":"body mass index","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-endomysial-antibodies","display_name":"anti-endomysial antibodies","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duodenal-biopsy","display_name":"duodenal biopsy","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutritional-biomarkers","display_name":"dietary biomarkers","score":0.4189999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9538545608520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778650401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2306782","display_name":"Hypochromic anemia","level":3,"score":0.8829357624053955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778248108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5445","display_name":"Anemia","level":2,"score":0.6735010743141174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5100739598274231},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778163477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43656","display_name":"Cholesterol","level":2,"score":0.48602181673049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.47760841250419617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.379412978887558}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000747","descriptor_name":"Anemia, Hypochromic","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002446","descriptor_name":"Celiac Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002446","descriptor_name":"Celiac Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002446","descriptor_name":"Celiac Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002784","descriptor_name":"Cholesterol","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012307","descriptor_name":"Risk Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.01225.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66441642","display_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","issn_l":"0002-9270","issn":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0002-9270(99)00281-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9270(99)00281-6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0002-9270(99)00281-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S66441642","display_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","issn_l":"0002-9270","issn":["0002-9270","1572-0241"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315671","host_organization_name":"Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315671","https://openalex.org/P4310318547"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Lippincott Williams & Wilkins","Wolters Kluwer"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American Journal of Gastroenterology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10406254","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10406254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of gastroenterology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W150559980","https://openalex.org/W1496538718","https://openalex.org/W1576698873","https://openalex.org/W1968879925","https://openalex.org/W1985298854","https://openalex.org/W2013542707","https://openalex.org/W2020565245","https://openalex.org/W2027064471","https://openalex.org/W2036593216","https://openalex.org/W2039051328","https://openalex.org/W2045440152","https://openalex.org/W2052408608","https://openalex.org/W2061654619","https://openalex.org/W2066932270","https://openalex.org/W2080434692","https://openalex.org/W2101837278","https://openalex.org/W2142196327","https://openalex.org/W2143978410","https://openalex.org/W2162196677","https://openalex.org/W2401039545","https://openalex.org/W2419109635","https://openalex.org/W3035715270","https://openalex.org/W4294305087","https://openalex.org/W4296022560"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W13287952","https://openalex.org/W2468533786","https://openalex.org/W1691979599","https://openalex.org/W1982800108","https://openalex.org/W4297541624","https://openalex.org/W1991877446","https://openalex.org/W7213223243","https://openalex.org/W1496086973","https://openalex.org/W2709672987","https://openalex.org/W2068956893"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"Hypochromic":[1,87],"anemia":[2,36,65,88],"is":[3],"at":[4],"times":[5],"attributable":[6,90],"to":[7,17,91,98,167,184,217,243],"nondiagnosed":[8],"celiac":[9,22,48,92,102,107,147,170,185,222,235,248],"disease.":[10,223,236],"The":[11,199],"aim":[12],"of":[13,21,58,160,169,221,232,234,241,247,255],"this":[14],"study":[15],"was":[16,89],"define":[18,244],"the":[19,157,211,219,245],"correlates":[20],"disease":[23,93,108,148,171,249],"in":[24,94,210,250],"anemic":[25,99,104,144,161,251],"adults":[26],"without":[27,38,101,253],"overt":[28],"malabsorption.":[29,256],"METHODS:":[30],"One":[31],"hundred":[32],"patients":[33,100,105,145,204,252],"with":[34,53,63,106,146,205],"hypochromic":[35,64,206],"and":[37,56,71,121,141,178,195],"diarrhea":[39],"underwent":[40],"a":[41,75],"complete":[42],"diagnostic":[43],"work-up,":[44],"including":[45],"screening":[46],"for":[47,84,115,128],"disease,":[49,103,186],"i.e.,":[50],"upper":[51],"endoscopy":[52],"duodenal":[54],"biopsy":[55],"search":[57],"antiendomysium":[59],"antibodies.":[60],"RESULTS:":[61],"Patients":[62],"were":[66,72,80,189],"from":[67],"two":[68],"different":[69,83],"Divisions":[70],"analyzed":[73],"as":[74,230],"single":[76],"group":[77],"because":[78],"they":[79],"not":[81,127,240],"significantly":[82],"any":[85],"variable.":[86],"10":[95],"patients.":[96],"Compared":[97],"had":[109,149],"significant":[110,113,191],"or":[111],"borderline":[112,190],"differences":[114],"plasma":[116,139,150,163,176,208],"cholesterol":[117,151,164,209],"(-17.9%),":[118],"albumin":[119,177],"(-9.4%),":[120],"body":[122,179],"mass":[123,180],"index":[124,181],"(-11.8%),":[125],"but":[126,187],"gender":[129],"distribution,":[130],"age,":[131],"weight,":[132],"height,":[133],"blood":[134],"hemoglobin,":[135],"mean":[136],"corpuscolar":[137],"volume,":[138],"iron,":[140],"ferritin.":[142],"All":[143],"<":[152,173],"156":[153],"mg/100":[154],"ml.":[155],"Within":[156],"entire":[158],"cohort":[159],"patients,":[162],"inversely":[165,182],"related":[166,183],"prevalence":[168],"(p":[172,192],"0.001);":[174],"also":[175],"coefficients":[188],"=":[193],"0.056":[194],"0.052,":[196],"respectively).":[197],"CONCLUSIONS:":[198],"data":[200],"suggest":[201],"that":[202],"among":[203],"anemia,":[207],"high-to-normal":[212],"range":[213],"could":[214],"be":[215],"used":[216],"exclude":[218],"presence":[220],"Other":[224],"nutritional":[225],"markers":[226],"are":[227,239],"less":[228],"sensitive":[229],"indices":[231,238],"risk":[233,246],"Hematological":[237],"help":[242],"signs":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}