{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074130766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780100316","title":"Confidence intervals for post\u2010test probability","display_name":"Confidence intervals for post\u2010test probability","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074130766","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780100316","mag":"2074130766","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2028127"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/sim.4780100316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780100316","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780100316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55189604","display_name":"Statistics in Medicine","issn_l":"0277-6715","issn":["0277-6715","1097-0258"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090872151","display_name":"Michael Monsour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3029-476X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3029-476X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Monsour","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514","Director, Program on Medical Care, Health Services Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27514","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director, Program on Medical Care, Health Services Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109100244","display_name":"Arthur T. Evans","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur T. Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Director, Program on Medical Care, Health Services Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Director, Program on Medical Care, Health Services Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003353872","display_name":"Lawrence L. Kupper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-0085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5941-0085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114027177","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","ror":"https://ror.org/0130frc33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lawrence L. Kupper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, U.S.A"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114027177"],"apc_list":{"value":5450,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5450},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5049,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67539095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"443","last_page":"456"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.9541000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14374","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Epidemiology","score":0.9541000127792358,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13500","display_name":"Probability and Statistical Research","score":0.02370000071823597,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.008200000040233135,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidence-intervals","display_name":"confidence intervals","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-test-probability","display_name":"post-test probability","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnostic-testing","display_name":"diagnostic testing","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-prevalence","display_name":"disease prevalence","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"sensitivity","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specificity","display_name":"specificity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-updating","display_name":"Bayesian updating","score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty-quantification","display_name":"uncertainty quantification","score":0.5}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.8911036252975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.7065140604972839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121117317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4439221","display_name":"Credible interval","level":3,"score":0.6760639548301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179217","display_name":"Coverage probability","level":3,"score":0.5704250335693359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5313888788223267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42468098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5009921","display_name":"CDF-based nonparametric confidence interval","level":3,"score":0.5133487582206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4565744698047638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66520545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353538","display_name":"Robust confidence intervals","level":3,"score":0.43245378136634827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.4200507402420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27855050563812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010612","descriptor_name":"Pharyngitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010612","descriptor_name":"Pharyngitis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011237","descriptor_name":"Predictive Value of Tests","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013290","descriptor_name":"Streptococcal Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013290","descriptor_name":"Streptococcal Infections","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015233","descriptor_name":"Models, Statistical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016001","descriptor_name":"Confidence Intervals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019411","descriptor_name":"Clinical Laboratory Techniques","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/sim.4780100316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780100316","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.4780100316","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55189604","display_name":"Statistics in Medicine","issn_l":"0277-6715","issn":["0277-6715","1097-0258"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2028127","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2028127","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Statistics in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8560000061988831}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979764628","https://openalex.org/W1979984651","https://openalex.org/W1983607152","https://openalex.org/W1985931810","https://openalex.org/W2073493981","https://openalex.org/W2090142427","https://openalex.org/W2325839020","https://openalex.org/W2889151444"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4238101319","https://openalex.org/W2404291187","https://openalex.org/W7101009653","https://openalex.org/W4322724446","https://openalex.org/W77492964","https://openalex.org/W2164591588","https://openalex.org/W2335897692","https://openalex.org/W7033339801","https://openalex.org/W2003564777","https://openalex.org/W1983174846"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Confidence":[0],"intervals":[1,19,107],"are":[2,66],"a":[3,25,58,70,86],"natural":[4],"way":[5],"to":[6,51,84,99,110],"describe":[7],"the":[8,46,54,73,94,101,113],"uncertainty":[9],"of":[10,39,63,75,96,115],"post-test":[11,90],"probability":[12],"in":[13,53],"diagnostic":[14],"tests.":[15],"We":[16,92,103],"consider":[17],"confidence":[18,47,87,106],"for":[20,27,89],"two":[21],"different":[22],"scenarios.":[23,117],"At":[24],"site,":[26],"example,":[28],"hospital":[29],"emergency":[30],"room":[31],"or":[32],"student":[33],"health":[34],"centre,":[35],"with":[36,112],"measured":[37,61],"values":[38,62,74],"disease":[40,76],"prevalence,":[41,77],"sensitivity":[42,78],"and":[43,79],"specificity":[44,80],"available,":[45],"interval":[48,88],"is":[49],"similar":[50],"results":[52,114],"literature,":[55],"but":[56],"at":[57],"site":[59],"where":[60],"these":[64],"indices":[65],"unavailable,":[67],"we":[68],"develop":[69],"method,":[71],"using":[72],"from":[81,108],"other":[82],"sites,":[83],"obtain":[85,105],"probability.":[91],"use":[93],"diagnosis":[95],"strep":[97],"throat":[98],"illustrate":[100],"results.":[102],"also":[104],"simulations":[109],"compare":[111],"both":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}