{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2074112372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","title":"Transformation of a Tundra River from Heterotrophy to Autotrophy by Addition of Phosphorus","display_name":"Transformation of a Tundra River from Heterotrophy to Autotrophy by Addition of Phosphorus","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2074112372","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","mag":"2074112372","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17798384"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109165919","display_name":"Bruce J. Peterson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1338920048","display_name":"Marine Biological Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/046dg4z72","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1338920048"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce J. Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods, Hole, Massachusetts 02543"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods, Hole, Massachusetts 02543","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1338920048"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016563954","display_name":"John E. Hobbie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1338920048","display_name":"Marine Biological Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/046dg4z72","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1338920048"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John E. Hobbie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods, Hole, Massachusetts 02543"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods, Hole, Massachusetts 02543","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1338920048"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034603839","display_name":"Anne E. Hershey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne E. Hershey","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin, Madison"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042778129","display_name":"Maurice A. Lock","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161548249","display_name":"Bangor University","ror":"https://ror.org/006jb1a24","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161548249"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurice A. Lock","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College of North Wales, Bangor, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College of North Wales, Bangor, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161548249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040731630","display_name":"Tim Ford","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-5459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5194-5459"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161548249","display_name":"Bangor University","ror":"https://ror.org/006jb1a24","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161548249"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim E. Ford","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College of North Wales, Bangor, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College of North Wales, Bangor, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161548249"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022535752","display_name":"J. Robie Vestal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Robie Vestal","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025736878","display_name":"Vicky L. McKinley","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vicky L. McKinley","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060830421","display_name":"Meredith A.J. Hullar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5322-9568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5322-9568"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meredith A. J. Hullar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michael C. Miller","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael C. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108398624","display_name":"Roy M. Ventullo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127591826","display_name":"University of Dayton","ror":"https://ror.org/021v3qy27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127591826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roy M. Ventullo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127591826"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091891508","display_name":"Gregg S. Volk","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I127591826","display_name":"University of Dayton","ror":"https://ror.org/021v3qy27","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I127591826"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregg S. Volk","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I127591826"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.0547,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":224,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96768508,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"229","issue":"4720","first_page":"1383","last_page":"1386"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10236","display_name":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","score":0.7157999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10236","display_name":"Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics","score":0.7157999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12180","display_name":"Polar Research and Ecology","score":0.09600000083446503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11311","display_name":"Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics","score":0.06960000097751617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2304","display_name":"Environmental Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phosphorus-enrichment","display_name":"phosphorus enrichment","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algal-growth","display_name":"algal growth","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosynthetic-limitation","display_name":"photosynthetic limitation","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-activity","display_name":"bacterial activity","score":0.6949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stream-metabolism","display_name":"stream metabolism","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquatic-insects","display_name":"aquatic insects","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-limitation","display_name":"food limitation","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-limitation","display_name":"nutrient limitation","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arctic-streams","display_name":"Arctic streams","score":0.8569999933242798}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125069764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43262","display_name":"Tundra","level":3,"score":0.9444989562034607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104647666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131427","display_name":"Autotroph","level":3,"score":0.824923038482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35195898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159344","display_name":"Heterotroph","level":3,"score":0.7736693620681763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510538283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674","display_name":"Phosphorus","level":2,"score":0.7097617387771606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559758991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37868","display_name":"Algae","level":2,"score":0.7089146375656128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.6579235792160034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.5850958228111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76479393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585902","display_name":"Mixotroph","level":4,"score":0.5412788391113281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4679003953933716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.42587828636169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518008717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25322","display_name":"Arctic","level":2,"score":0.39990800619125366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.39525410532951355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.36220109462738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.36183059215545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.34805434942245483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.09287112951278687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.229.4720.1383","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3880285","display_name":"Science","issn_l":"0036-8075","issn":["0036-8075","0193-4511","1095-9203"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315823","host_organization_name":"American Association for the Advancement of Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315823"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association for the Advancement of Science"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17798384","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17798384","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science (New York, N.Y.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.53329998254776,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1507498086","https://openalex.org/W1515985097","https://openalex.org/W1534616839","https://openalex.org/W1538659321","https://openalex.org/W1863721738","https://openalex.org/W1977775212","https://openalex.org/W1984506656","https://openalex.org/W1998180836","https://openalex.org/W2005517056","https://openalex.org/W2019435019","https://openalex.org/W2034890074","https://openalex.org/W2053537560","https://openalex.org/W2059100872","https://openalex.org/W2070086837","https://openalex.org/W2082981352","https://openalex.org/W2116107316","https://openalex.org/W2161148033","https://openalex.org/W2797829263","https://openalex.org/W4210701362"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067110939","https://openalex.org/W1981705851","https://openalex.org/W2313101764","https://openalex.org/W1978268513","https://openalex.org/W1961645563","https://openalex.org/W2057381181","https://openalex.org/W4409359845","https://openalex.org/W7097844020","https://openalex.org/W2022434902","https://openalex.org/W2092990629"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Continuous":[0],"enrichment":[1],"of":[2,17,35,53,59,83,99,101],"an":[3,14,41],"arctic":[4],"river":[5],"with":[6],"only":[7],"10":[8,23],"parts":[9],"per":[10],"billion":[11],"phosphate-phosphorus":[12],"caused":[13],"immediate":[15],"growth":[16],"attached":[18],"algae":[19],"for":[20],"more":[21],"than":[22,70],"kilometers":[24],"downstream,":[25],"showing":[26],"that":[27],"phosphorus":[28],"alone":[29],"limited":[30],"photosynthesis.":[31],"As":[32],"a":[33],"result":[34],"the":[36,51,54,62,67,71,76,80,84,94,102,107],"increased":[37],"photosynthesis,":[38],"there":[39],"was":[40],"increase":[42,92],"in":[43,46,66,93,110],"bacterial":[44],"activity":[45],"films":[47],"on":[48,50],"rocks":[49],"bottom":[52],"stream.":[55],"The":[56],"major":[57],"source":[58],"energy":[60],"became":[61],"photosynthetic":[63],"carbon":[64],"fixed":[65],"stream":[68,85],"rather":[69],"organic":[72],"material":[73],"entering":[74],"from":[75,87],"surrounding":[77],"tundra,":[78],"and":[79,96],"overall":[81],"metabolism":[82],"shifted":[86],"heterotrophy":[88],"to":[89],"autotrophy.":[90],"An":[91],"size":[95],"developmental":[97],"stage":[98],"some":[100],"dominant":[103],"aquatic":[104],"insects":[105],"illustrates":[106],"food":[108],"limitation":[109],"this":[111],"nutrient-poor":[112],"habitat.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
