{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073974584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","title":"IMPACT OF AN ESSENTIAL DRUGS PROGRAMME ON AVAILABILITY AND RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS","display_name":"IMPACT OF AN ESSENTIAL DRUGS PROGRAMME ON AVAILABILITY AND RATIONAL USE OF DRUGS","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073974584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","mag":"2073974584","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2563055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091572462","display_name":"Hans V. Hogerzeil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3414-7724","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3414-7724"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"HansV. Hogerzeil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27;, Switzerland",", Switzerland","Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27;, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051759789","display_name":"Ali O. Sallami","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"AliO. Sallami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Health, Aden;, Democratic Yemen",", Democratic Yemen","Ministry of Health, Aden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health, Aden;, Democratic Yemen","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Democratic Yemen","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health, Aden","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103455764","display_name":"GodfreyJ.A. Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105654","display_name":"World Health Organization","ror":"https://ror.org/01f80g185","country_code":"CH","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GodfreyJ.A. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27;, Switzerland",", Switzerland","Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27;, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Action Programme on Essential Drugs and Vaccines, World Health Organisation, 1211 Geneva-27","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105654"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"George Fernando","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156914","display_name":"Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/054pkye94","country_code":"LK","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156914"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Fernando","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Health, Colombo, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156914"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":7890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7890},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.6946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":84,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98551451,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"333","issue":"8630","first_page":"141","last_page":"142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13970","display_name":"Pharmacy and Medical Practices","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine-availability","display_name":"drug availability","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-drug-use","display_name":"rational drug use","score":0.9810000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-medicines","display_name":"essential medicines","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-prescribing","display_name":"antibiotic prescribing","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injection-prescribing","display_name":"injection prescribing","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-professionals-knowledge","display_name":"health professionals' knowledge","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/yemen","display_name":"Yemen","score":0.3889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.7861186265945435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7352645993232727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909998350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35456","display_name":"Essential drugs","level":4,"score":0.6142206788063049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.5643240213394165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4588431119918823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33070731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7218","display_name":"Toxicology","level":1,"score":0.34805673360824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986740045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health services","level":3,"score":0.28425073623657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.22659006714820862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.14894798398017883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.08745303750038147}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003150","descriptor_name":"Community Health Workers","qualifier_ui":"Q000193","qualifier_name":"education","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003151","descriptor_name":"Community Health Centers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004363","descriptor_name":"Drug Utilization","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000600","qualifier_name":"supply & distribution","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005069","descriptor_name":"Evaluation Studies as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009313","descriptor_name":"National Health Programs","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011307","descriptor_name":"Drug Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012494","descriptor_name":"Sampling Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015006","descriptor_name":"Yemen","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91152-5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S49861241","display_name":"The Lancet","issn_l":"0099-5355","issn":["0099-5355","0140-6736","1474-547X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Lancet","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2563055","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2563055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lancet (London, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9799000024795532}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5099999904632568}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008463809","https://openalex.org/W2160380454","https://openalex.org/W2416643444","https://openalex.org/W2364223575","https://openalex.org/W2116538089","https://openalex.org/W2048537723","https://openalex.org/W308625191","https://openalex.org/W2999810212","https://openalex.org/W2382981902","https://openalex.org/W2363502490"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
