{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2073961802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9608840","title":"Mechanism of Controlled/\u201cLiving\u201d Radical Polymerization of Styrene in the Presence of Nitroxyl Radicals. Kinetics and Simulations","display_name":"Mechanism of Controlled/\u201cLiving\u201d Radical Polymerization of Styrene in the Presence of Nitroxyl Radicals. Kinetics and Simulations","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2073961802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9608840","mag":"2073961802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/ma9608840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9608840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9608840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177196338","display_name":"Macromolecules","issn_l":"0024-9297","issn":["0024-9297","1520-5835"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Macromolecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031373249","display_name":"Dorota Greszta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dorota Greszta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056539244","display_name":"Krzysztof Aleksander Matyjaszewski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1960-3402","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1960-3402"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Krzysztof Matyjaszewski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.798,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":249,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99594698,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"24","first_page":"7661","last_page":"7670"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10405","display_name":"Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10405","display_name":"Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13013","display_name":"Free Radicals and Antioxidants","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12570","display_name":"Photopolymerization techniques and applications","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controlled-radical-polymerization","display_name":"controlled radical polymerization","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/styrene-polymerization","display_name":"styrene polymerization","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitroxyl-radicals","display_name":"nitroxyl radicals","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radical-transfer","display_name":"radical transfer","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinetic-model","display_name":"kinetic model","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deactivation-rate-constants","display_name":"deactivation rate constants","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activation-rate-constant","display_name":"activation rate constant","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equilibrium-constants","display_name":"equilibrium constants","score":0.531000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7579746246337891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93391505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q658700","display_name":"Reaction rate constant","level":3,"score":0.7039781212806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777566558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28917","display_name":"Styrene","level":4,"score":0.7026978135108948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44228677","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181898","display_name":"Polymerization","level":3,"score":0.7020161747932434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111998727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2620998","display_name":"Radical polymerization","level":4,"score":0.6485282778739929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776142628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919470","display_name":"Nitroxyl","level":2,"score":0.6474186182022095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148898269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1108792","display_name":"Kinetics","level":2,"score":0.6114639639854431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139066938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185056","display_name":"Radical","level":2,"score":0.5698196887969971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121120078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3737603","display_name":"Chain transfer","level":5,"score":0.5525767207145691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5353368520736694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169912494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1994007","display_name":"Nitroxide mediated radical polymerization","level":5,"score":0.4865974187850952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75473681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188651","display_name":"Photochemistry","level":1,"score":0.45482873916625977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48396125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903447","display_name":"Living polymerization","level":5,"score":0.4375312924385071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15920480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421281","display_name":"Copolymer","level":3,"score":0.41180622577667236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.174606055021286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.14567095041275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/ma9608840","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9608840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ma9608840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S177196338","display_name":"Macromolecules","issn_l":"0024-9297","issn":["0024-9297","1520-5835"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Macromolecules","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W283845940","https://openalex.org/W422718841","https://openalex.org/W1488080675","https://openalex.org/W1540430224","https://openalex.org/W1588435447","https://openalex.org/W1945566874","https://openalex.org/W1964172595","https://openalex.org/W1968196146","https://openalex.org/W1973637914","https://openalex.org/W1978160965","https://openalex.org/W1981728874","https://openalex.org/W1984978446","https://openalex.org/W1988975817","https://openalex.org/W1995443865","https://openalex.org/W2001220467","https://openalex.org/W2001584126","https://openalex.org/W2002956944","https://openalex.org/W2004562915","https://openalex.org/W2010928612","https://openalex.org/W2017917112","https://openalex.org/W2020026722","https://openalex.org/W2028220695","https://openalex.org/W2034967309","https://openalex.org/W2037071136","https://openalex.org/W2042920294","https://openalex.org/W2046888666","https://openalex.org/W2051704336","https://openalex.org/W2052879828","https://openalex.org/W2055762234","https://openalex.org/W2057183790","https://openalex.org/W2058229811","https://openalex.org/W2059894106","https://openalex.org/W2060481860","https://openalex.org/W2060838855","https://openalex.org/W2069068096","https://openalex.org/W2074554162","https://openalex.org/W2074955302","https://openalex.org/W2076736467","https://openalex.org/W2077235613","https://openalex.org/W2081361953","https://openalex.org/W2082138855","https://openalex.org/W2087919271","https://openalex.org/W2088073395","https://openalex.org/W2088890545","https://openalex.org/W2089023732","https://openalex.org/W2090171831","https://openalex.org/W2090785430","https://openalex.org/W2091661220","https://openalex.org/W2094258426","https://openalex.org/W2094947865","https://openalex.org/W2095060054","https://openalex.org/W2098883164","https://openalex.org/W2114721611","https://openalex.org/W2136380772","https://openalex.org/W2317295301","https://openalex.org/W2319827990","https://openalex.org/W2330238011","https://openalex.org/W2333852227","https://openalex.org/W4246326475","https://openalex.org/W4256667536","https://openalex.org/W6630562899"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W317594882","https://openalex.org/W2036707632","https://openalex.org/W4242297953","https://openalex.org/W1973935934","https://openalex.org/W2100910054","https://openalex.org/W2047216640","https://openalex.org/W2063966819","https://openalex.org/W2031577628","https://openalex.org/W2066978211","https://openalex.org/W1974985684"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,123],"polymerization":[1,34,168],"of":[2,7,24,35,58,67,78,82],"styrene":[3,36,167],"in":[4,61],"the":[5,22,25,32,43,64,68,76,79,110,116,136,152],"presence":[6],"a":[8,17,28,157],"stable":[9],"radical,":[10],"TEMPO":[11],"(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy),":[12],"has":[13],"been":[14],"simulated":[15],"using":[16],"Predici":[18],"simulations":[19],"package.":[20],"On":[21],"basis":[23],"experimental":[26,44],"data,":[27],"kinetic":[29,111],"model":[30],"for":[31,115,165],"TEMPO-mediated":[33],"is":[37],"proposed.":[38],"In":[39],"order":[40],"to":[41,50,63,108,129],"simulate":[42],"data":[45],"properly,":[46],"it":[47],"was":[48,105,127],"necessary":[49],"include":[51],"thermal":[52],"self-initiation,":[53],"transfer,":[54],"and":[55,98,112,120,151],"irreversible":[56],"decomposition":[57,100],"intermediate":[59],"alkoxyamines":[60,99],"addition":[62],"reversible":[65],"cleavage":[66],"TEMPO-polymeric":[69],"radical":[70],"adduct.":[71],"This":[72],"model,":[73],"combined":[74],"with":[75],"values":[77],"rate":[80,138,154],"constants":[81],"propagation":[83],"(":[84,89,94,101],"k":[85,90,95,102,140,156],"p":[86],"),":[87,92,97,104],"termination":[88],"t":[91],"transfer":[93],"trm":[96],"decomp":[103],"then":[106],"employed":[107],"estimate":[109],"thermodynamic":[113],"parameters":[114],"exchange":[117],"between":[118],"dormant":[119],"active":[121],"species.":[122],"equilibrium":[124],"constant,":[125,139,155],"K,":[126],"estimated":[128],"be":[130],"approximately":[131],"10":[132,145,161],"-11":[133],"mol\u00b7L":[134],"-1,":[135,150,164],"deactivation":[137],"d":[141],"=":[142,158],"8":[143,159],"\u00d7":[144,160],"7":[146],"mol":[147],"-1":[148],"\u00b7L\u00b7s":[149],"activation":[153],"-4":[162],"s":[163],"bulk":[166],"at":[169],"120":[170],"\u00b0C.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":12}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
